1,320 research outputs found
Les Goncourt et le japonisme
No full textHoussais Laurent. Les Goncourt et le japonisme. In: Cahiers Edmond et Jules de Goncourt n°11, 2004. Les Goncourt et l'image. pp. 59-78
Recirculation in the Fram Strait and transports of water in and north of the Fram Strait derived from CTD data
No full textThe volume, heat and freshwater transports in the Fram Strait are estimated from geostrophic computations based on summer hydrographic data from 1984, 1997, 2002 and 2004. In these years, in addition to the usually sampled section along 79° N, a section between Greenland and Svalbard was sampled further north. Quasi-closed boxes bounded by the two sections and Greenland and Svalbard can then be formed. Applying conservation constraints on these boxes provides barotropic reference velocities. The net volume flux is southward and varies between 2 and 4 Sv. The recirculation of Atlantic water is about 2 Sv. Heat is lost to the atmosphere and the heat loss from the area between the sections averaged over the four years is about 10 TW. The net heat (temperature) transport is 20 TW northward into the Arctic Ocean, with large interannual differences. The mean net freshwater added between the sections is 40 mSv and the mean freshwater transport southward across 79° N is less than 60 mSv, indicating that most of the liquid freshwater leaving the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait in summer is derived from sea ice melt in the northern vicinity of the strait. In 1997, 2001 and 2003 meridional sections along 0° longitude were sampled and in 2003 two smaller boxes can be formed, and the recirculation of Atlantic water in the strait is estimated by geostrophic computations and continuity constraints. The recirculation is weaker close to 80° N than close to 78° N, indicating that the recirculation is mainly confined to the south of 80° N. This is supported by the observations in 1997 and 2001, when only the northern part of the meridional section, from 79° N to 80° N, can be computed with the constraints applied. The recirculation is found strongest close to 79° N
Archéologie, littérature, illustration : Salammbô vu par G.-A. Rochegrosse
No full textLaurent Houssais : Archeology, literature and illustration : Salammbô as seen by G. A. Rochegrosse.
The first high quality illustrated edition of Roman history by Flaubert appeared in 1900. The illustrations were signed by an historical painter, well known in the Salons, Georges-Antoine Rochegrosse. The discovery of unpublished manuscripts by Rochegrosse has allowed a comparison of the sources that were used, as well as the strong demands on archeological reconstitution, common to both the writer and the painter. In effect, this demand, frequently commented on by the critics, appears to have determined the value of the image. So that, notwithstanding a good deal of scholarly research, several examples show to what point Rochegrosse placed importance on the text rather than on the archeology or on the topography of the sites and how he was able to free himself from the Flaubertian suggestion. By the freedom of the choice of his sources, as well the idea of the relationship between image and text, Rochegrosse showed himself an attentive reader, conscious of the limits of an illustration that Flaubert himself had absolutely condemned.Houssais Laurent. Archéologie, littérature, illustration : Salammbô vu par G.-A. Rochegrosse. In: Histoire de l'art, N°33-34, 1996. Sur le XIXe siècle. pp. 43-54
Parution : Formes brèves en littérature de jeunesse
No full textElodie Bouygues, Yvon Houssais (dir.), Formes brèves en littérature de jeunesse, Presses Universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2020. L’ouvrage constitue la première étude portant sur le texte bref en littérature de jeunesse sous toutes ses formes, en s’intéressant à la fois à son écriture et à sa place dans le champ littéraire. Il propose un large éventail d’études d’œuvres, allant de la comtesse de Ségur à l’époque contemporaine, où la transgression des genres et le brouillage des codes sont de m..
Marché(s) de l'art en province 1870-1914
No full textMarché(s) de l’art en province 1870-1914, études réunies par Laurent Houssais et Marion Lagrange, Les Cahiers du Centre François-Georges Pariset, n° 8, Bordeaux, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2010. 167 p. Alors que le marché de l’art parisien a fait l’objet de nombreuses études qui ont permis d’identifier les différents acteurs et favorisé la compréhension des enjeux sous-jacents, la situation en province est plus difficile à appréhender. Ce champ de recherches a fait l’objet d’une p..
Forcing of oceanic heat anomalies by air-sea interactions in the Nordic Seas area
No full textInternational audienceHydrographic data and atmospheric reanalysis from 1982 to 2005 are used to show a strong link of the Atlantic water temperature (AWT) anomalies observed in the transition zone between the Norwegian Atlantic current and the West Spitsbergen current in summer to the surface heat flux (SHF) anomalies observed over the Barents Sea open water in the preceding late winter. A mechanism proposed for this link is formation of ocean temperature anomalies in a deep mixed layer and their subsequent westward export by a branch of Atlantic water recirculating in the western Barents Sea. The SHF anomalies over the Barents Sea are due to advection of temperature and humidity by anomalous winds across the Arctic ice edge and do not strongly depend on the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO). Correlations of up to about 0.9 between the AWT anomalies and indices of atmospheric variability over the Barents Sea open prospects for seasonal AWT predictability. It is also shown that the wind-forcing responsible for positive AWT anomalies is involved in a cyclonic perturbation of the atmospheric circulation over the Nordic Seas. This perturbation generates, through influence on the sea ice distribution, a lobe of SHF anomalies in the marginal ice zone (MIZ) on the eastern (Barents Sea) and western (Greenland Sea) sides of the Nordic Seas which has the opposite sign to the open water lobe. In contrast to the Barents Sea MIZ, the diabatic heating of the atmosphere by upward SHF anomalies in the Greenland Sea MIZ competes with cold advection
Glacier front variatons in Sweden: 2015-2022
No full textThis study aims at increasing the amount of data available on recent past Swedish glacier front variations, at improving the knowledge on the present behavior of these glaciers, and at contributing to the defnition of the guideline for future of glacier front observations in Sweden. To do so, the study proposes Sentinel-2 based yearly front variation measurements for 22 Swedish glaciers between 2015 and 2022, calculated based on the multicentreline approach of the MaQiT tool. It also assesses the uncertainty of Sentinel-2 based mapping by comparing it to 0.48 m spatial resolution aerial imagery based mapping and to field based mapping conducted on four northern Sweden glaciers during the end of the summer 2022: Kaskasatj SE, Kebnepakteglaciären, Mårmaglaciären, and Storglaciären. The fieldwork included handheld GNSS, UAV photogrammetry, and total station survey in order to compare the three methods in the mapping of glacier fronts. This study also compares the measured glaciers front variations to climatic factors and glaciers boundary conditions. The resulting glacier front variations in Sweden between 2015 and 2022, averaged over all glaciers studied, is −10.28 m yr−1. Small glaciers retreated on average 0.51 % of their length per year, while large glaciers retreated on average 0.35 % per year. This study highlights the importance of recording yearly front positions of a large amount of glaciers, and therefore encourages for the future the use of satellite imagery to observe all Swedish glaciers fronts on a yearly basis. It also supports the conduction of regular UAV photogrammetry surveys to provide high resolution mapping of a sample of glacier fronts chosen for their vicinity with the Tarfala Research Station, the Swedish field centre for glaciological and alpine research
Research Need 4. Prospering communities in the Arctic
No full textOngoing and projected climate and environmental changes, increased human activity, and growing geopolitical interest impact communities, industries and livelihoods in Polar Regions in different ways, but the most profound impacts are yet to come. Other drivers of change are especially affecting inhabitants in Arctic communities, including the accelerating urbanisation and intensified in- and out-migration that rapidly are transforming the human geography of many regions in the Arctic. Research needs to consider the complexity of different Arctic populations, regions, and communities, with different political, cultural, religious, and economic systems. Men, women, youth, and elders are not equally affected by the changes brought about by globalisation, a warming climate, urbanisation, and migration. Thus, there is a need for better understandings of the gender and age dimensions of the impacts of change (Larsen, et al. 2010). The huge diversity of Arctic peoples calls for new and differentiated methods for understanding social and cultural processes and future developments for aiding local leaders, planners and policy-makers. In some parts of the Arctic, there are moves toward greater self-determination and autonomy, especially in regions demographically dominated by Indigenous Peoples, while other parts – such as the Russian Arctic – face centralisation and the abolition of regional autonomies. Many local and regional economies in the Arctic are resource-based, and there has been great dependence on extractive resource industries, which come with exposure to global market forces. To achieve sustainable communities, residents must have the knowledge, skills, and resources to create and implement new and innovative ways of addressing the challenges that researchers and Arctic inhabitants identify. The question is how education systems can develop these capacities (Larsen, et al. 2010; 2014). The opening of new seaways in the Arctic raises the necessity for innovative and sustainable infrastructure; similarly, the receding cryosphere incurs challenges on land-based transport and other infrastructure, e.g. thawing permafrost (Arctic Council, 2009). As this chapter concerns social issues, it is mostly dealing with the Arctic. But when relevant, for instance when discussing industrial legacy, it also includes Antarctica
Glacier front variatons in Sweden: 2015-2022
No full textThis study aims at increasing the amount of data available on recent past Swedish glacier front variations, at improving the knowledge on the present behavior of these glaciers, and at contributing to the defnition of the guideline for future of glacier front observations in Sweden. To do so, the study proposes Sentinel-2 based yearly front variation measurements for 22 Swedish glaciers between 2015 and 2022, calculated based on the multicentreline approach of the MaQiT tool. It also assesses the uncertainty of Sentinel-2 based mapping by comparing it to 0.48 m spatial resolution aerial imagery based mapping and to field based mapping conducted on four northern Sweden glaciers during the end of the summer 2022: Kaskasatj SE, Kebnepakteglaciären, Mårmaglaciären, and Storglaciären. The fieldwork included handheld GNSS, UAV photogrammetry, and total station survey in order to compare the three methods in the mapping of glacier fronts. This study also compares the measured glaciers front variations to climatic factors and glaciers boundary conditions. The resulting glacier front variations in Sweden between 2015 and 2022, averaged over all glaciers studied, is −10.28 m yr−1. Small glaciers retreated on average 0.51 % of their length per year, while large glaciers retreated on average 0.35 % per year. This study highlights the importance of recording yearly front positions of a large amount of glaciers, and therefore encourages for the future the use of satellite imagery to observe all Swedish glaciers fronts on a yearly basis. It also supports the conduction of regular UAV photogrammetry surveys to provide high resolution mapping of a sample of glacier fronts chosen for their vicinity with the Tarfala Research Station, the Swedish field centre for glaciological and alpine research
Exploring the N\ensuremath{\Lambda}\textendash{}N\ensuremath{\Sigma} coupled system with high precision correlation techniques at the LHC
No full textThe interaction of and hyperons (Y) with nucleons (N) is strongly influenced by the coupled-channel
dynamics. Due to the small mass difference of the N and N systems, the sizable coupling strength of
the N ↔ N processes constitutes a crucial element in the determination of the N interaction. In
this letter we present the most precise measurements on the interaction of p pairs, from zero relative
momentum up to the opening of the N channel. The correlation function in the relative momentum
space for p ⊕ p pairs measured in high-multiplicity triggered pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV at the
LHC is reported. The opening of the inelastic N channels is visible in the extracted correlation function
as a cusp-like structure occurring at relative momentum k∗ = 289 MeV/c. This represents the first direct
experimental observation of the N ↔ N coupled channel in the p system. The correlation function
is compared with recent chiral effective field theory calculations, based on different strengths of the
N ↔ N transition potential. A weaker coupling, as possibly supported by the present measurement,
would require a more repulsive three-body NN interaction for a proper description of the in-medium
properties, which has implications on the nuclear equation of state and for the presence of hyperons
inside neutron stars
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