230 research outputs found
GFB1_data_figshare.xlsx
No full textGlobal
Forest Biodiversity Initiative (GFBI)- Dataset Global#1. Data underpinning the Research Article entitled Positive Biodiversity–Productivity Relationship Predominant in
Global Forests
Data
Use Policy
1. GFBI reserves all the rights
pertaining to these data;
2. Prior to any use of part of
or the entire data set, one must fill out the accompanied Data Use Agreement
and email the signed form to [email protected]
3. The New Zealand sub-dataset (doi:10.7931/V13W29) are not
included here. To download:https://datastore.landcareresearch.co.nz/dataset/new-zealand-forest-plot-data-in-global-forest-biodiversity-dataset
4. The plot coordinates are rounded off
to a single decimal place. To download the data set with the original plot
coordinates, visit: http://www.gfbinitiative.org/data
Citation
Liang,
J., T. W. Crowther, N. Picard, S. Wiser, M. Zhou, G. Alberti, E.-D. Schulze,
A. D. McGuire, F. Bozzato, H. Pretzsch, S. de-Miguel, A. Paquette, B.
Hérault, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, C. B. Barrett, H. B. Glick, G. M. Hengeveld,
G.-J. Nabuurs, S. Pfautsch, H. Viana, A. C. Vibrans, C. Ammer, P. Schall, D.
Verbyla, N. Tchebakova, M. Fischer, J. V. Watson, H. Y. H. Chen, X. Lei,
M.-J. Schelhaas, H. Lu, D. Gianelle, E. I. Parfenova, C. Salas, E. Lee, B.
Lee, H. S. Kim, H. Bruelheide, D. A. Coomes, D. Piotto, T. Sunderland, B.
Schmid, S. Gourlet-Fleury, B. Sonké, R. Tavani, J. Zhu, S. Brandl, J.
Vayreda, F. Kitahara, E. B. Searle, V. J. Neldner, M. R. Ngugi, C. Baraloto,
L. Frizzera, R. Bałazy, J. Oleksyn, T. Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, O. Bouriaud, F.
Bussotti, L. Finér, B. Jaroszewicz, T. Jucker, F. Valladares, A. M.
Jagodzinski, P. L. Peri, C. Gonmadje, W. Marthy, T. O’Brien, E. H. Martin, A.
R. Marshall, F. Rovero, R. Bitariho, P. A. Niklaus, P. Alvarez-Loayza, N.
Chamuya, R. Valencia, F. Mortier, V. Wortel, N. L. Engone-Obiang, L. V.
Ferreira, D. E. Odeke, R. M. Vasquez, S. L. Lewis, and P. B. Reich. 2016.
Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global
forests. Science 354.DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf8957
<br
Author Correction: Climatic controls of decomposition drive the global biogeography of forest-tree symbioses (Nature, (2019), 569, 7756, (404-408), 10.1038/s41586-019-1128-0)
No full textIn this Letter, the middle initial of author G. J. Nabuurs was omitted, and he should have been associated with an additional affiliation: ‘Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands’ (now added as affiliation 182). In addition, the following two statements have been added to the Supplementary Acknowledgements. (1): ‘We would particularly like to thank The French NFI for the work of the many field teams and engineers, who have made extraordinary efforts to make forest inventory data publicly available.’ (1): ‘Sergio de Miguel benefited from a Serra- Húnter Fellowship provided by the Generalitat of Catalonia.’ Finally, the second sentence of the Methods section should have cited the French NFI, which provided a national forestry database used in our analysis, to read as follows: ‘The GFBi database consists of individual-based data that we compiled from all the regional and national GFBi forest-inventory datasets, including the French NFI (IGN—French National Forest Inventory, raw data, annual campaigns 2005 and following, https://inventaire-forestier.ign.fr/spip.php?rubrique159, site accessed on 01 January 2015)’. All of these errors have been corrected online56940440
Probing Cross-Modal Representations in Multi-Step Relational Reasoning
Get PDFWe investigate the representations learned by vision and language models in tasks that require relational reasoning. Focusing on the problem of assessing the relative size of objects in abstract visual contexts, we analyse both one-step and two-step reasoning. For the latter, we construct a new dataset of three-image scenes and define a task that requires reasoning at the level of the individual images and across images in a scene. We probe the learned model representations using diagnostic classifiers. Our experiments show that pretrained multimodal transformer-based architectures can perform higher-level relational reasoning, and are able to learn representations for novel tasks and data that are very different from what was seen in pretraining
Solubilization of <i>n</i>-hexadecane by micellar solutions of trehalolipid - surfactants of biological origin
No full textObjectives. To isolate biosurfactants of glycolipid nature produced by oil hydrocarbon degrading bacteria and to establish their ability to solubilize hydrophobic compounds in the case of n-hexadecane.Methods. Trehalolipids were isolated from bacteria Rhodococcus erythropolis X5 (VKM Ac-2532 D) and Rhodococcus erythropolis S67 (VKM Ac-2533 D) included in the MikroBak biopreparation for the bioremediation of oil-contaminated territories. The genome of R. erythropolis X5 is deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database under GenBank accession numbers CP044283 and CP044284, BioSample – SAMN12818508, BioProject – PRJNA573614, and SRA – PRJNA573614. The content of trehalolipid biosurfactants was estimated by the amount of trehalose in aqueous solutions of biosurfactants using the phenolsulfur method. The surface tension of the obtained aqueous solutions of biosurfactants was determined by the du Noüy ring method using a Kruss K6 tensiometer (Kruss, Germany). The critical concentration of micelle formation was determined by the inflection point on the curves of surface tension dependence on the concentration of the biosurfactant solution. In order to establish the solubilizing ability of biosurfactants, the residual concentration of n-hexadecane in an aqueous sample of different concentrations was determined using a gas chromatographic method of analysis.Results. At a constant surface tension of 24.2 mN/m and 25.0 mN/m for R. erythropolis X5 and R. erythropolis S67, respectively, the critical micelle concentration for both strains was 33 mg/L (3.8 ∙ 10−5 mol/L). The solubilizing effect of Rhodococcus trehalolipid micellar solutions against hydrophobic n-hexadecane was demonstrated by gas chromatographic analysis. The solubilization process was characterized using molar solubilization capacity (Sm), molar solubilization ratio (MSR), micelle–water partition coefficient (Km), and solubilization energy 0 (ΔGS ). It was shown that the solubilization process of n-hexadecane proceeds spontaneously 0 (ΔGS = −35.5 kJ/mol) and more efficiently (Sm = 4.3 mol/mol, MSR = 4.7 mol/mol) than in comparison with other biosurfactants of glycolipid nature.Conclusions. Based on the value of the molar solubilization coefficient, it can be concluded that trehalolipids of the R. erythropolis X5 strain solubilize n-hexadecane in aqueous solutions to a greater extent than compared to other biosurfactants of a glycolipid nature, but are inferior to synthetic surfactants
Morphological and agronomic characteristics of winter rye cultivars in connection with their resistance to lodging
Get PDFBackground. Lodging resistance of winter rye is associated with morphological features of the stem. Searching for source material to breed non-lodging high-yielding cultivars requires studying the varietal phenotypic diversity according to morphological characters of the stem that affect the resistance to lodging and the productivity of the ear.Materials and methods. Experiments were carried out in 2017–2020 at the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East (FARC North-East), Kirov. Field resistance to lodging, morphological characteristics of the stem, yield, and ear productivity were evaluated in 16 winter rye cultivars. The study was based on the International COMECON List of Descriptors for the Genus Secale L., and Methodology for the State Variety Trials of Agricultural Crops. The weight of segments of the second lower internodes was measured in 10 plants of each cultivar under laboratory conditions.Results and conclusions. Negative correlations of lodging resistance with stem length (r= –0.55) and the weight of the second lower internode (r = –0.65) were revealed. Ear productivity of rye cultivars was significantly associated with the wall thickness (r = 0.52) and the length of the second lower internode (r = –0.52). According to the results of the path analysis, the main causes of a decrease in lodging resistance were the weight of the segment (P = –0.467) and the length of the second lower internode (P = –0.408), while an increase was connected with the wall thickness of the second lower internode (P = 0.424). The cultivars differed significantly in their resistance to lodging (LSD05 = 0.8). Cvs. ‘Moskovskaya 12’, ‘Tatyana’, ‘Bylina’ and ‘Yantarnaya’ were identified; they are recommended as source material for breeding for lodging resistance
Critical periods during childhood and adolescence: a study of adult height among immigrant siblings
Get PDFWe identify the ages that constitute critical periods in children’s development towards their adult health status. For this we use data on families migrating into Sweden from countries that are poorer, with less healthy conditions. Long-run health is proxied by adult height. The relation between siblings’ ages at migration and their heights after age 18 allows us to estimate the causal effect of conditions at certain ages on adult height. Moreover, we compare siblings born outside and within Sweden. We apply fixed-effect methods to a sample of about 9,000 brothers. We effectively exploit that for siblings the migration occurs simultaneously in calendar time but at different developmental stages (ages). We find some evidence for a critical period at age 9. The effects are stronger in families migrating from poorer countries but weaker if the mother is well-educated.Early-life conditions; migration; parental education; adult health; height retardation; age; fetal programming; developmental origins
Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics V. 89, I. 01
No full textJournal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics -- July 1999
Volume 89, Issue 1, pp. 1-187
NUCLEI, PARTICLES, AND THEIR INTERACTION
Effect of scattering media on decays of high-energy particles
A. V. Koshelkin
Full Text: PDF (61 kB)
The quantum poisson–Lie T-duality and mirror symmetry
S. E. Parkhomenko
Full Text: PDF (103 kB)
The a gamma gamma gamma vertex and three-photon axion decay in an external magnetic field
V. V. Skobelev
Full Text: PDF (83 kB)
ATOMS, SPECTRA, RADIATION
Space-time dynamics of ultrashort pulses in vacuum
V. A. Mironov
Full Text: PDF (81 kB)
Photon echo and stimulated photon echo study of various collisional-relaxation channels
N. N. Rubtsova, L. S. Vasilenko, and E. B. Khvorostov
Full Text: PDF (69 kB)
Entropy decrease in a thermodynamically isolated system: Light-induced drift
O. A. Chichigina
Full Text: PDF (67 kB)
Collapse in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Yu. N. Ovchinnikov and I. M. Sigal
Full Text: PDF (90 kB)
Simple analytical representation for Delbrück scattering amplitudes at high energies
R. N. Li, A. I. Mil'shtein, and V. M. Strakhovenko
Full Text: PDF (69 kB)
FLUIDS
Large-scale amplification of a magnetic field by turbulent helicity fluctuations
N. A. Silant'ev
Full Text: PDF (157 kB)
Strong thermal self-action of a laser beam in gases and liquids
A. N. Kucherov
Full Text: PDF (192 kB)
SOLIDS:STRUCTURE
Thermal destruction of antiferromagnetic Fe–Fe exchange bonds and mechanism of the transition to the spin-glass state in (Fe0.65Ni0.35)1 – xMnx systems with antiferromagnetic competing exchange interactions
N. N. Delyagin, A. L. Erzinkyan, V. P. Parfenova, S. I. Reiman, G. M. Gurevich, and J. Dupak
Full Text: PDF (106 kB)
Nonlinear magneto-optical Kerr effects
A. K. Zvezdin and N. F. Kubrakov
Full Text: PDF (125 kB)
Flattening of vacancy force fields on a kinematic interface between solids
V. V. Meshcheryakov, G. D. Kuznetsov, and A. A. Yuldashev
Full Text: PDF (75 kB)
Strongly correlated bistable sublattice and temperature hysteresis of elastic and thermal crystal properties
A. P. Saiko and V. E. Gusakov
Full Text: PDF (212 kB)
Spin-orbit coupling and the dynamic Jahn-Teller effect in the C60 - system
A. A. Remova
Full Text: PDF (70 kB)
Nonsecular contribution to the decay of spin-echo signals of quadrupolar nuclei in magnetically ordered materials
G. N. Abelyashev, V. N. Berzhanskii, A. I. Gorbovanov, S. N. Polulyakh, and N. A. Sergeev
Full Text: PDF (100 kB)
ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES
Electron polarization in quantum wells in a strong variable field
V. A. Burdov
Full Text: PDF (120 kB)
Perturbation of atomic energy levels by a metal surface
M. I. Chibisov and A. V. Roitman
Full Text: PDF (151 kB)
Probing the field-induced variation of the chemical potential in Bi2Sr2CaCu2Oy via magneto-thermopower measurements
S. A. Sergeenkov and M. Ausloos
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Collapse of resonance in quasi-one-dimensional quantum channels
C. S. Kim, A. M. Satanin, Yong S. Joe, and R. M. Cosby
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Nonlinear percolation conductivity and negative differential resistivity in microcrystalline PbTe layers with an adjustable potential well
V. D. Okunev and N. N. Pafomov
Full Text: PDF (161 kB)
NONLINEAR PHYSICS
Hard soliton excitation regime: Stability investigation
E. A. Kuznetsov
Full Text: PDF (114 kB)
Dynamics of large-amplitude solitons
A. V. Slyunyaev and E. N. Pelinovskii
Full Text: PDF (538 kB)
Fine structure of splitting of the separatrix of a nonlinear resonance
V. V. Vecheslavov
Full Text: PDF (80 kB)Archived web conten
Socio-economic influences on self-rated health in Russian men and women - a life course approach
No full textSocio-economic differentials in health in Russia are not well understood and the life course approach has been relatively neglected. This paper examines the influence of socio-economic risk factors over the life course on the self-rated health of older Russian men and women. A random sample (response rate 61%) of the general population of the Russian Federation in 2002 included 1004 men and 1930 women aged 50 years and over in a cross-sectional study. They provided information concerning their childhood circumstances, including going to bed hungry; education; current social conditions, including per capita household income; health behaviours and self-rated health.There was considerable tracking of adverse social conditions across the life course with men and women who reported hunger in childhood having lower educational achievements, and current household income was strongly influenced by educational attainment. The effect of these socio-economic risk factors on health accumulated with an odds ratio of poor health of 1.87 [1.07-3.28] for men with one risk factor, 3.64 [2.13-6.22] for two risk factors and 4.51 [2.57-7.91] for all three compared to men with no risk factors. For women, the odds ratios were 1.44 [1.05-2.01], 2.88 [2 10-3.93] and 4.27 [3.03-6.00] for one, two and three risk factors, respectively. Current income was the strongest individual predictor for men, and education for women. Adjustment for health behaviours reduced the odds ratios only marginally.The results suggest that self-rated health in older Russians reflects social exposures accumulated over the life course, with the differentials observed only partially explained by current social conditions. Health behaviours were not involved in mediating social differences in self-rated health. Our results indicate that a life course approach may contribute to the understanding of health in Russia. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Physics of the Solid State V. 40, I. 09
No full textPhysics of the Solid State -- September 1998
Volume 40, Issue 9, pp. 1429-1601
Phase segregation and crystallization in the amorphous alloy Ni70Mo10P20
G. E. Abrosimova, A. S. Aronin, A. F. Gurov, I. I. Zver'kova, and E. Yu. Ignat'eva
Full Text: PDF (286 kB)
Effect of thermal expansion on the elastic moduli and Debye temperature of paramagnetic lutetium
V. Yu. Bodryakov, A. A. Povzner, and O. G. Zelyukova
Full Text: PDF (71 kB)
Amorphization of solids by fast neutrons
S. F. Dubinin, V. D. Parkhomenko, S. G. Teploukhov, and B. N. Goshchitskii
Full Text: PDF (111 kB)
The role of auto-ionization transitions in the formation of the extended fine structure of high-energy secondary electron spectra
V. I. Grebennikov, O. B. Sokolov, D. E. Gai, D. V. Surnin, and Yu. V. Rats
Full Text: PDF (103 kB)
Effect of deuteration on the electronic and electron–vibrational properties of the organic conductor k-(D8-BEDT–TTF)2 [Hg(SCN)2Br]
R. M. Vlasova, O. O. Drozdova, V. N. Semkin, and R. N. Lyubovskaya
Full Text: PDF (100 kB)
Influence of magnetic scattering centers in the insulator component of the composite HTSC + Cu1 – xNixO on its resistive properties
M. I. Petrov, D. A. Balaev, K. A. Shaikhutdinov, and S. G. Ovchinnikov
Full Text: PDF (162 kB)
Characteristic features of the low-temperature thermal conductivity of highly-enriched and natural germanium
A. P. Zhernov and D. A. Zhernov
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Sign inversion of the rotatory power and topology of the surface of gyration of alpha NiSO4 · 6H2O
Ya. O. Dovgii and I. G. Man'kovskaya
Full Text: PDF (89 kB)
Study of the electronic structure of impurity mercury atoms in compounds by conversion-electron spectroscopy
V. V. Kharitonov and V. N. Gerasimov
Full Text: PDF (80 kB)
Self-consistent diffusion-controlled growth of nuclei from eutectic solutions
S. A. Kukushkin and A. S. Sokolov
Full Text: PDF (76 kB)
Pulsed EPR spectroscopy of the VKA center in CaF2:Na
T. A. Gavasheli, D. M. Daraseliya, D. L. Dzhaparidze, R. I. Mirianashvili, and T. I. Sanadze
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Acoustic emission in the chalcogenide glass Ge0.18As0.28Se0.54
Ya. M. Olikh
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Spatial distribution, build-up, and annealing of radiation defects in silicon implanted by high-energy krypton and xenon ions
A. R. Chelyadinskii, V. S. Varichenko, and A. M. Zaitsev
Full Text: PDF (79 kB)
Kinetics of dislocation ensembles in deformable irradiated materials
N. V. Kamyshanchenko, V. V. Krasil'nikov, N. V. Neklyudov, and A. A. Parkhomenko
Full Text: PDF (95 kB)
Activation parameters of stepped deformation of polymers
N. N. Peschanskaya and P. N. Yakushev
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Influence of impurities on the low-temperature deformation of nanocrystalline copper
V. V. Shpeizman, V. I. Nikolaev, B. I. Smirnov, A. B. Lebedev, V. V. Vetrov, S. A. Pul'nev, and V. I. Kopylov
Full Text: PDF (52 kB)
Complex magnetic susceptibility of uniaxial superparamagnetic particles in a strong static magnetic field
Yu. P. Kalmykov and S. V. Titov
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Temperature evolution of frustrated spin states in the system with competing exchange interactions (Fe0.65Ni0.35)1 – xMnx (x = 0, 0.024, 0.034)
N. N. Delyagin, A. L. Erzinkyan, V. P. Parfenova, S. I. Reiman, G. M. Gurevich, and Ya. Dupak
Full Text: PDF (102 kB)
Resonance retardation of a domain wall by Winter magnons in orthoferrites
M. V. Chetkin, A. P. Kuz'menko, A. V. Kaminskii, and V. N. Filatov
Full Text: PDF (91 kB)
Critical behavior of the specific heat of small magnetic Cr2O3 particles
A. K. Murtazaev, I. K. Kamilov, Kh. K. Aliev, and K. Sh. Khizriev
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Thermal expansion anomalies in TbVO4 due to the cooperative Jahn–Teller effect
Z. A. Kazei, N.P. Kolmakova, A. A. Sidorenko, and L. V. Takunov
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Band structure and magnetic properties of M3M'C antiperovskites (M=Mn, Fe; M'=Zn, Al, Ga, Sn)
A. L. Ivanovskii, R. F. Sabiryanov, and A. N. Skazkin
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Magnetostriction of the spin–Peierls magnet CuGeO3
G. A. Petrakovskii, A. M. Vorotynov, H. Szymczak, and L. Gladczuk
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Quantum temperature fluctuations in the magnetization of antiferromagnetic semimetals
V. V. Val'kov and D. M. Dzebisashvili
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Magnetic properties of ultrathin Ni films
O. V. Snigirev, A. M. Tishin, K. E. Andreev, S. A. Gudoshnikov, and J. Bohr
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Orbital ordering in CuGeO3
O. A. Bayukov, G. A. Petrakovskii, and A. F. Savitskii
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Thermodynamic parameters of diffuse phase transitions in Ag2Te
S. A. Aliev, F. F. Aliev, and Z. S. Gasanov
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Anomalous behavior of dielectric permittivity of Li2Ge7O15 crystals at a phase transition
A. Yu. Kudzin, M. D. Volnyanskii, M. P. Trubitsyn, and I. A. Busoul
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Ordering of interacting subsystems. Molecular dynamics
A. É. Filippov
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Influence of neutron irradiation on the martensitic transformations and shape-memory effect in a TiNi alloy
R. F. Konopleva, I. V. Nazarkin, V. L. Solovei, V. A. Chekanov, S. P. Belyaev, A. E. Volkov, and A. I. Razov
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Extraction of current carriers by photons in a quantum well
R. Ya. Rasulov, Yu. E. Salenko, T. Éski, and A. Tukhtamatov
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Crystal structure and electronic spectrum of SnS2
G. B. Dubrovskii
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System of quantum wells in a parallel magnetic field
V. I. Belyavskii, S. V. Shevtsov, and Yu. V. Kopaev
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Growth and optical properties of BiI3 and PbI2 microcrystals
V. F. Agekyan
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High-frequency conductivity of an asymmetric superlattice
G. M. Shmelev, N. A. Soina, and I. I. Maglevannyi
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Donor–acceptor recombination in type-II GaAs/AlAs superlattices
K. S. Zhuravlev, A. M. Gilinskii, T. S. Shamirzaev, V. V. Preobrazhenskii, B. R. Semyagin, M. A. Putyato, and S. S. Chipkin
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Linear coefficients of photoelasticity in multilayer quantum well structures having a sloping bottom in exciton resonance regions
R. A. Ayukhanov and G. N. Shkerdin
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Optical orientation of donor-bound excitons in nanosized InP/InGaP islands
R. I. Dzhioev, B. P. Zakharchenya, V. L. Korenev, P. E. Pak, D. A. Vinokurov, O. V. Kovalenkov, and I. S. Tarasov
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Energy spectra and quantum crystallization in two-electron quantum dots in a magnetic field
N. E. Kaputkina and Yu. E. Lozovik
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Electric field dependence of the magnetic spin effect in the photoproduction of charge carriers in polydiacetylene
M. K. Kerimov, A. É. Nabiev, and É. Z. Aliev
Full Text: PDF (71 kB)Archived web conten
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