605 research outputs found
TRŽIŠNO POZICIONIRANJE PUTNIČKE AGENCIJE KALETA : Završni rad
No full textU temi ovog rada, tržišno pozicioniranje putničke agencije Kaleta, se prikazao i objasnio
proces tržišnog pozicioniranja i njegovu svrhu i mjesto u marketingu. U istraživanju se
koristile metode analize i sinteze, dedukcije i indukcije, komparativne metode te metoda
klasifikacije uz stalan protok informacija i podataka od strane vlasnika i djelatnika putničke
agencije Kaleta. Rezultat ovog završnog rada je razumijevanje procesa tržišnog
pozicioniranje te njegove važne uloge u marketingu kroz poslovni slučaj putničke agencije
Kaleta u kojemu se prikazali ciljni segmenti potrošača, analiza marketinškog miksa i
konkurencije te analizirala pozicija na tržištu i strategije pozicioniranja koja je putnička
agencija provela i dali ocjenu i preporuku za daljnje pozicioniranje. Zadnji i posljednji dio
ovog rada je zaključak u kojemu su se sažeto iznijele sve bitne informacije i podaci o ovoj
bitnoj temi te se dao autorov osobni uvid u razloge zašto je putnička Kaleta tu gdje jest na
tržištu turizma na otoku Korčuli i zašto će tu i dalje održavati svoju poziciju tržišnog lidera.In the subject of this paper, the market positioning of Kaleta travel agency, is presented and
explained the process of market positioning and its purpose and place in marketing. The
study uses methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparative methods
and classification methods with a constant flow of information and data from the owners and
employees of Kaleta travel agencies. The result of this final paper is an understanding of the
process of market positioning and its important role in marketing through the Kaleta travel
agency's business case, where the target consumer segments is indentified, marketing mix
and competition analysis are presented and where market position is analyzed with position
strategy that the travel agency conducted, while leaving a rating and a recommendation for
further positioning. The last part of this paper is a conclusion summarizing all the relevant
information and data on this important topic and giving the author an insight into the reasons
why Kaleta travel agency is where she is on the tourism market on the island of Korcula and
why it will continue to maintain its position of the market leader
Т. В. Kабржыцкaя, M. M. Хмяльніцкі, Э. Ю. Дзюкава, Нарысы суседазнаўства: Украіна, Польшча ў прасторы і часе вачыма беларусаў: знакавыя адметнасці міфалогіі, фальклору, культуры, нарадазнаўчых канцэптаў мастацкага твора, Мінск 2012, сс. 228
No full textRadosław Kaleta - Warszawa6639539
Bevan, A., Northover, P., Bray, P., Bonacchi, C., Colledge, S., Crellin, R., Gwilt, A., Hamilton, H., Hart, P., Kaleta, R., Keinan-Schoonbaert, A., Knight, M., Laws, K., Lodwick, M., Martinón-Torres, M., Needham, S., O'Connor, B., Perrucchetti, L., Pett, D., Wexler, J., Wilkin, N. (2024) A Catalogue of British Bronze Age Axeheads [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/1122315
No full textThis archive provides a dataset of database data from a dataset list of roughly 8000 Bronze Age British axeheads, alongside associated elemental analyses, isotopic measurements and radiocarbon dates. It integrates several major existing data collection efforts and published catalogues, whilst also providing a basic typology.Bevan, A., Northover, P., Bray, P., Bonacchi, C., Colledge, S., Crellin, R., Gwilt, A., Hamilton, H., Hart, P., Kaleta, R., Keinan-Schoonbaert, A., Knight, M., Laws, K., Lodwick, M., Martinón-Torres, M., Needham, S., O'Connor, B., Perrucchetti, L., Pett, D., Wexler, J., Wilkin, N. (2024) A Catalogue of British Bronze Age Axeheads [data-set]. York: Archaeology Data Service [distributor] https://doi.org/10.5284/112231
Summaries of the sessions and final discussion- 7. Other coronaviruses
No full textthis is the summry of the session "Other coronaviruses" of the symposium that the chairman Elena Catelli provided for the final discussion
The insertion of IBV QX genes into subtype A AMPV for use as candidate bivalent vaccines
No full textThe study investigates the ability of subtype A Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) to accept foreign genes and be used as a vector for delivery of Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) QX genes to chickens. Initially the GFP gene was added to AMPV at all gene junctions in conjunction with the development of cassetted full length DNA AMPV copies. After 3 recombinant viruses had been recovered by reverse genetics, GFP positions supporting gene expression while maintaining virus viability in vitro, were determined. Subsequently, either S1 or nucleocapsid (N) genes of IBV were positioned between AMPV M and F genes, while later a recombinant was prepared by inserting S1 and N at AMPV MF and GL junctions respectively. Immunofluorescent antibody staining showed that all recombinants expressed the inserted IBV genes in vitro and furthermore, all recombinant viruses were found to be highly stable during serial passage. Eyedrop inoculation of chickens with some AMPV-IBV recombinants at one-day-old induced protection against virulent IBV QX challenge 3 weeks later, as assessed by greater motility of tracheal cilia from chickens receiving the recombinants. Nonetheless evidence of AMPV/IBV seroconversion, or major recombinant tracheal replication, were largely absent
Trust and solidarity at a time of transformation. The problem of so-called Bug River property claims in the case law of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal and the European Court of Human Rights
No full textThe article deals with the issue of the Zabużanie people’s claims. The Zabużanie people were persons who lost their assets as a result of relocation from the Eastern Borderlands (also known as Kresy) of the Second Republic of Poland caused by a revision of territorial borders after the Second World War. The Author describes the genesis and legal nature of the so-called Republican Accords regulating the principles of assistance for displaced persons and forms of realisation of the Zabużanie people’s claims in the statutory law of the Third Republic of Poland. Then, the author discusses the case law of the Constitution Tribunal and the European Court of Human Rights related to that legislation. He indicates a shift in the case law with reference to the scope of discretion accorded to the legislator in respect of adopting compensatory mechanisms. The author underlines the special role that was played by the principle of trust of citizens towards the state and the law enacted thereby in the Tribunal’s assessment of the adopted legislative solutions. At the same time, the author indicates that the potential of the constitutional idea of solidarity was not fully used when solving the issue of the Zabużanie people’s claims. In the opinion of the author, the idea of solidarity could be an axiological foundation for a policy of transitional justice.</jats:p
An outbreak of Pacheco's parrot disease in psittacine birds recently imported to Campania, Italy : isolation of psittacid herpesvirus 2
No full textThe authors describe an outbreak of Pacheco's Parrot Disease (PPD) which occurred in Italy in recently imported psittacine birds and was caused by Psittacid Herpesvirus type 2 (PsiHV2). The authors stress the different susceptibility to the disease in the species involved. This outbreak showed the failure of the vaccine prophylaxis that had been administered to the birds with ordinary commercial preparations containing Psittacid Herpesvirus type 1. The authors emphasize the necessity of producing a vaccine containing inactivated viruses of all known serotypes
Model-reduced gradient-based history matching
No full textSince the world's energy demand increases every year, the oil & gas industry makes a continuous effort to improve fossil fuel recovery. Physics-based petroleum reservoir modeling and closed-loop model-based reservoir management concept can play an important role here. In this concept measured data are used to improve the geological model, while the improved model is used to increase the recovery from a field. Both problems can be formulated as optimization problem, i.e. history matching identifies the parameter values that minimize an objective function that represents the mismatch between modeled and observed data while production optimization identifies wells controls that maximize the total oil recovery or monetary profit. One of the most efficient class of methods to solve history matching and production optimization problems are gradient-based methods where the gradients are calculated with the use of an adjoint method. The implementation of the adjoint method for parameter estimation and control optimization is, however, very difficult if no Jacobians of the model are available. This implies that there is a need for gradient-based, but adjoint-free optimization methods. A requirement becomes even more pressing if reservoir simulation is combined with another simulation, e.g. simulation of geomechanics or rock physics, with a code for which no Jacobians are available. The research objective of this thesis was to evaluate the performance of a model-reduced gradient-based history matching routine that does not require a difficult implementation and involves the reduction of the reservoir system. Additionally, the use of model-reduced method for production optimization of a reservoir operating under induced fracturing conditions was considered. In history matching problems one deals with a large number of uncertain parameters and very sparse observations, while in the production optimization one controls a large dimensional system by adjusting a limited number of controls. Consequently, the values of many model parameters cannot be verified with measurements due to a relatively few information content present in them, while in the production optimization only a limited part of the system can be indeed controlled. In this thesis we proposed a new method inspired by the results in reduced order modeling (ROM) and system-theoretical concepts of controllability and observability of the reservoir system. The new approach assumes that the reservoir dynamics relevant for history matching or production optimization can be represented accurately by a much smaller number of variables than the number of grid cells used in the simulation model. Consequently, the original (nonlinear and high-order) forward model is replaced by a linear reduced-order forward model and the adjoint of the tangent linear approximation of the original forward model is replaced by the adjoint of a linear reduced-order forward model. The reduced-order model is constructed by means of the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) method or Balanced Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (BPOD) method. The reduced-order model is not, however, obtained by the projection of the nonlinear system of equations as in the conventional projection-based ROM techniques, but instead it is approximated in the reduced subspace. The conventional POD method requires the availability of the high-order tangent model, i.e. of the Jacobians with respect to the states which are not available. The model-reduced method obtains a reduced-order approximation of the tangent linear model directly by computing approximate derivatives of the reduced-order model. Then due to the linear character of the reduced model, the corresponding adjoint model is easily obtained. The gradient of the objective function is approximated and the minimization problem is solved in the reduced space; the procedure is iterated with the updated estimate of the parameters if necessary. The POD-based approach is adjoint-free and can be used with any reservoir simulator, while the BPOD-based approach requires an adjoint model but does not require the Jacobians of the model with respect to uncertain parameters or controls. At first the model-reduced method was applied to history matching problems and was evaluated based on its computational efficiency and robustness. In order to make a valuable judgment this approach was compared to the classical adjoint-based method, which was available for the estimation of the permeability field. Permeabilities are described at each cell of the model, and therefore they need to be re-parameterized. The KL-expansion was used to reduce the parameters space. The significant reduction of the dimension of the dynamic reservoir model and parameter space made the approximation of the reduced-order system feasible in acceptable computation time. The pressure field required relatively low number of patterns which modeled mostly the changes around the wells. The saturation field required much more patterns and they modeled mostly the moving front of the saturation field. In the first studies simplistic reservoir models were used, for which the model-reduced approach showed to perform very well. The obtained estimates of the permeability field significantly improved compared to the prior fields and gave the acceptable history-matches; the quality of the prediction capabilities of the estimated models were very high and comparable to those obtained by the classical adjoint-based approach. The POD-based method was approximately twice as expensive as the classical approach, but the BPOD-based method was comparable to the adjoint-based method. Moreover, both methods were considerably cheaper than the finite difference approach. These preliminary results were the first applications of the model-order reduction to history matching problems. After this proof of concept, further studies were carried on more complex and larger models. The proposed method was capable to obtain satisfactory match with a computational efficiency about five times lower than the adjoint-based method. Similarly, an improvement in the prediction was obtained. The second problem considered in this research was to apply the adjoint-free methods to production optimization of the reservoir operating under special conditions that required coupling of two simulators and for which the adjoint code is not available. The model-reduced method could not be applied because of a low accuracy of the simulation solution which in case of long time simulations resulted in large approximation errors. Therefore, simultaneous perturbation stochastic algorithm (SPSA) was applied together with the finite difference gradient-based method to solve the production optimization problem. SPSA is a gradient-based method where the gradients are approximated by random perturbations of all controls in once, while the finite difference method approximates the gradients by perturbation of each control separately. Both approaches were very simple to implement, they resulted in the improvement of the production, but they were computationally relatively expensive.Applied mathematicsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
USE OF REVERSE GENETICS TO DEVELOP A POSITIVE CONTROL VIRUS FOR RT-NESTED PCR DETECTION OF SUBTYPE A AND B AVIAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS (AMPV)
No full textA standardized RT-nested PCR of high sensitivity has been in use in our laboratory for some time to detect avian metapneumovirus subtype A and B. Until now we have avoided the use of positive control viruses (CV) because of the risk of contamination
leading to sample false positives. The paper describes the production and testing of a modified virus which in our standard PCR produces RT-nested PCR amplicons of increased sizes compared to those generated from unmodified viruses, thus enabling cross contamination to the sample tested to be instantly detectable. A DNA copy of an AMPV subtype A genome was modified by site directed mutagenesis to introduce the subtype B G gene primer sequence (G9+B) at the equivalent position in the
subtype A G gene. To increase amplicon sizes, an insertion was introduced between binding sites for the opposing primer pairs (outer pair G1+ and G6-, inner pairs G8+A and G5- or G9+B and G5-). PCR from the modified DNA produced nested amplicons
of 463 and 556 bp compared to 268 for unmodified subtype A and 361 for unmodified subtype B viruses. Using reverse genetics the modified DNA generated a virus which, after RNA extraction, gave the same 463 and 556 bp amplicons in RT-nested PCRs. For further convenience virus was absorbed onto filter paper, dried and
inactivated by microwave treatment, then stored in flip top tubes. RNA extracted from papers were henceforth used as reliable, efficient and distinguishable RT-nested PCR positive controls
CONSTRUCTION OF GFP AVIAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS (AMPV) RECOMBINANT LACKING THE SMALL HYDROPHOBIC PROTEIN GENE
No full textAn AMPV reverse-genetics system was used to create a virus lacking the entire SH open reading frame which produced unusual giant syncytial formations in cell culture. The replacement of the gene with GFP resulted in virus which also produced the
same syncytial formations. The intrinsic fluorescent properties of the virus may prove useful in pathogenesis studies. The similarity of size of the 2 genes suggests that the altered cytopathic effect did not result from the shortening of the genome and possible consequential effects on the transcription or translation of the following attachment and polymerase protein genes
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