2,536 research outputs found
Pseudopoulpus spinosus Kiessling 1999
No full text<i>Pseudopoulpus spinosus</i> Kiessling, 1999 (Fig. 18F) <p> <i>Pseudopoulpus spinosus</i> Kiessling, 1999: 64, pl. 14, figs 15, 16, 18.</p> <p>MATERIAL EXAMINED. — One specimen from sample Mue 22.</p> <p> OCCURRENCE. — The species was described from the early Tithonian, Zone 4, subzone 4 beta of Pessagno <i>et al</i>. (1987, 1993) and Pessagno & Hull (1996) of Antarctic Peninsula (Kiessling 1999). In the early Tithonian at Mühlheim (sample Mue 22) the species is extremely rare but perfectly similar to the Antarctic type specimens.</p>Published as part of <i>Dumitrica, Paulian & Zügel, Peter, 2003, Lower Tithonian mono- and dicyrtid Nassellaria (Radiolaria) from the Solnhofen area (southern Germany), pp. 5-72 in Geodiversitas 25 (1)</i> on page 33, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5372196">10.5281/zenodo.5372196</a>
Fibre composition and enzyme activities in six muscles of the Swedish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus)
No full textSix skeletal muscles have been studied as regards fibre properties and enzyme activities. The muscles are cranial part of M. gluteobiceps, M. semitendinosus, M. semimembranosus, M. longissimus dorsi, M. brachiocephalicus and M. sternocephalicus. Two histochemical methods were used for fibre identification, one based on myosin ATPase activities after preincubation at pH 4.3 and 4.6 and the other on oxidative capacity measured as NADH dehydrogenase activity. The two methods gave slightly differing results but allowed the general conclusion that of the three fibre types (I, II A and II B) the type II B fibres, which are fast-twitch, glycolytic, make up some 40 - 60 % (mean 50 %) of the muscles. Type I fibres, which are slow-twitch, oxidative, account for 30% of the total muscle volume in the two neck muscles but for only 20% or less in the rest. The third type, II A, which is fast-twitch, oxidative, glycolytic, accounts for only 20% of the volume in the neck muscles but as much as 40% in M. longissimus dorsi. Oxidative capacity is high throughout. This is valid also to the capacity to oxidize fatty acids, though reaching only half the activity previously found in the Svalbard reindeer (Kiessling and Kiessling, 1983). Lactate dehydrogenase activity is comparatively low in all muscles. The high respiratory chain activity and fatty acid oxidation and the low lactate dehydrogenase activities do not fit at all well with the high content of type II B fibres in the muscles. This high II B content is also unexpected when considering the activity pattern of the reindeer. An altogether different role for the type II B fibres, besides the traditional one, is therefore discussed.
Fibersammansåttning och enzymaktiviteter i sex muskler från svensk tamren (Rangifer tarandus tarandus).
Abstract in Swedish / Sammandrag: Sex skelettmuskler har undersokts med avseende på fiberegenskaper och enzymaktiviteter. De sex musklerna år kranial del av M. gluteobiceps. M. semitendinosus, M. semimembranosus, M. longissimus dorsi, M. brachiocephalicus och M. sternocephalicus. Två histokemiska metoder har anvånts for att identifiera fibrerna, den ena baserad på myosin ATPas aktivitet efter forinkubering vid pH 4,3 och 4,6, den andre på oxidativ kapacitet mått som NADH dehydrogenas aktivitet. De två metoderna gav något olika resultat men tillater den generella slutsatsen att av de tre fibertyperna (I, II A och II B) typ II B fibrerna, som ar snabbt kontraherande, glykolytiska, utgor 40 - 60 % (medelvårde 50 %) av muskelvolymen. Typ I fibrerna, som år langsamt kontraherande, oxidativa, svarar for 30% av totala muskelvolymen i de två halsmusklerna men bara for 20% eller mindre i ovriga muskler. Den tredje typen, II A, som år snabbt kontraherande, oxidativ och glykolytisk, svarar bara for 20 % av volymen i halsmusklerna men enda upp till 40% i M. longissimus dorsi. Den oxidativa kapaciteten år genomgående hog. Detta gåiler aven for kapaciteten att oxidera fettsyror, aven om denna bara uppgår till halva den aktivitet som tidigare påvisats i Svalbardrenens muskler (Kiessling & Kiessling 1983). Laktatdehydrogenas aktiviteten år jåmforelsevis låg i alla muskler. Den hoga aktiviteten hos andingskedjan och fettsyraoxidationen och den låga laktatdehydrogenas aktiviteten ståmmer dåligt med den hoga halten av typ II B fibrer i musklerna. Denna hoga II B halt år också ovåntad med tanke på renens aktivitetsmonster. Dårfor diskuteras en alternativ roll for typ II B fibrerna forutom den traditionella att fungera som kontraktil våvnad.
Fiiberien kokoonpano ja entsyymien aktiivisuudet kuudessa lihaksessa ruotsalaisessa porossa. (Rangifer tarandus tarandus).
Abstract in Finnish / Yhteenveto: On tutkittu kuutta luurangon lihasta mita fiiberien ominaisuuksiin ja entsyymien aktiivisuuksiin tulee. Lihakset ovat craniaalinen osa seuraavista: M. gluteobiceps, M. semkendmosus, M. semimembranosus, M. longissimus dorsi, M. brachiocephalicus ja M. sternocephalicus. Fiiberien identifioitiin kaytettiin kahta histokemiallista menetelmaa, ensimmainen perustui myosin ATPase aktiivisuuksiin preinkubaation jalkeen pH 4,3:ssa ja 4,6:ssa ja toinen oksidatiiviseen kapasiteettiin mitattuna NADH dehydrogenase aktiivisuutena. Nama kaksi menetelmaa antoivat hienoisen eron, mutta antaa aihetta yleiseen johtopaatokseen, etta niista kolmesta fiiberityypista (I, II A ja II B) tyyppi II B fiiberit, jotka ovat nopeasti supistavia, glycolyyttisia, koostuvat suunnilleen 40 - 60 % (keskimaarin 50 %) lihaksista. Tyyppi I fiiberit, jotka ovat hitaasti supistavia, oksidatiivisia, tekee 30 % lihaksen kokonaismaarasta niissa kahdessa niskalihaksessa, mutta vain 20 % tai vahemman muissa. Kolmas tyyppi, II A, joka on nopeasti supistava, oxidatiivinen, glycolyyttinen, tekee vain 20 % niskalihasten maarasta, mutta niin paljon kuin 40 % M. longissimus dorsi.sta. Oksidatiivinen kapasiteetti on lapeensa korkea. Tama patee myoskin kapasiteettiin oksidoida rasvahappoa, vaikkakin saavuttaa vain puolet aktiivisuudesta aikaisemmista loydoista Huippuvuorten poroissa (Kiessling ja Kiessling, 1983). Lactate dehydrogenase aktiivisuus on verrattain alhainen kaikissa lihaksissa. Korkea respiraatioketju aktiiviteetti ja rasvahappo oksidaatio seka alhainen lactate dehydrogenase aktiivisuudet eivat sovi laisinkaan hyvin yhteen korkea sisaltoisten tyyppi II B fiiberien kanssa lihaksissa. Tama korkea II B sisaltoinen on myoskin odottamaton huomioonottaen poron aktiivisuus kayttaytymisen. Aivan erilainen tehtava tyyppi II B fiibereille, traditionaaliseen verrattuna, on siksi keskusteltu
Risk factor analysis for fast track protocol failure
No full textBackground: The introduction of fast-track treatment procedures following cardiac surgery has significantly shortened hospitalisation times in intensive care units (ICU). Readmission to intensive care units is generally considered a negative quality criterion. The aim of this retrospective study is to statistically analyse risk factors and predictors for re-admission to the ICU after a fast-track patient management program.
Methods: 229 operated patients (67 ± 11 years, 75% male, BMI 27 ± 3, 6/2010-5/2011) with use of extracorporeal circulation (70 ± 31 min aortic crossclamping, CABG 62%) were selected for a preoperative fast-track procedure (transfer on the day of surgery to an intermediate care (IMC) unit, stable circulatory conditions, extubated). A uni- and multivariate analysis were performed to identify independent predictors for re-admission to the ICU.
Results: Over the 11-month study period, 36% of all preoperatively declared fast-track patients could not be transferred to an IMC unit on the day of surgery (n = 77) or had to be readmitted to the ICU after the first postoperative day (n = 4). Readmission or ICU stay signifies a dramatic worsening of the patient outcome (mortality 0/10%, mean hospital stay 10.3 ± 2.5/16.5 ± 16.3, mean transfusion rate 1.4 ± 1,7/5.3 ± 9.1). Predicators for failure of the fast-track procedure are a preoperative ASA class > 3, NYHA class > III and an operation time >267 min ± 74. The significant risk factors for a major postoperative event (= low cardiac output and/or mortality and/or renal failure and/or re-thoracotomy and/or septic shock and/or wound healing disturbances and/or stroke) are a poor EF (OR 2.7 CI 95% 0.98-7.6) and the described ICU readmission (OR 0.14 CI95% 0.05-0.36).
Conclusion: Re-admission to the ICU or failure to transfer patients to the IMC is associated with a high loss of patient outcome. The ASA > 3, NYHA class > 3 and operation time >267 minutes are independent predictors of fast track protocol failure
Do virtual patients prepare medical students for the real world? Development and application of a framework to compare a virtual patient collection with population data
No full textUrresti-Gundlach M, Tolks D, Kiessling C, Wagner-Menghin M, Härtl A, Hege I. Do virtual patients prepare medical students for the real world? Development and application of a framework to compare a virtual patient collection with population data. BMC Medical Education. 2017;17(1): 174
The Vlasov limit for a system of particles which interact with a wave field
No full textA. Komech, M. Kunze and H. Spohn have studied the joint dynamics of a classical point particle and a wave type generalization of the Newtonian gravity potential, coupled in a regularized way. In the present paper the many-body version of this model is studied and its Vlasov continuum limit constructed
Serial entrepreneurs: A review of literature and guidance for future research
No full textLittle research has been conducted regarding serial entrepreneurship compared to entrepreneurship research more broadly, despite research that suggests that as many as 50% of all entrepreneurs are serial entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship research shows that most new ventures fail, yet serial entrepreneurs continually exit previous ventures and start new ones. Our study explores 118 scholarly articles indexed in Web of Science and Scopus databases on serial entrepreneurship through multiple correspondence analysis. Through our analysis, we identify key areas for future research, explore and consolidate the theoretical foundations used, and provide a review of academic literature for future researchers to utilize. Our perceptual map has identified four key research areas that researchers should focus upon: heuristics in entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial capabilities, the entrepreneurial ecosystem, and technological development and resources
Linear and circular economy figure
No full textTwo figures representing a linear and circular economy approach with a plastic bottle as an example but is applicable to any recycable waste product and especially single-use plastic packaging.
In the linear economy model the product is manufactured using principally new resources, largely petroleum based. Most of the product’s value is lost during its life cycle because of leakage along the entire value chain (red arrows), including pellet loss, littering, combined sewage overflow, loss during transport and improper storage of waste, and poorly designed products that are easily lost to the environment and difficult to recover (microbeads, small wrappers, torn corners of packaging). This leads to a contamination of the environment, affecting wildlife and human well-being. A small proportion is recycled (green arrow) for remanufacture, with the remainder utilized for energy recovery.
In the circular economy model a high percentage of recycled content is used as feedstock for new products, and the remainder from sustainable sources (potentially biopolymers). Poor practices (red arrows) throughout the life cycle are mitigated, for example, by proper legislative policy, public awareness that leads to proper consumer waste handling, and incentivized recovery systems (e.g., returnable bottles). Recovery is further improved by regulating end-of-life design in products and packaging. This leads to reduced leakage of plastic to the environment from all sectors of society, and significant improvements are social justice concerns for communities that manage waste. The small amount of residual plastic is then disposed of responsibly.
Figure and figure captions originally published in:
Eriksen M, Thiel M, Prindiville M, Kiessling T 2018. Microplastic: what are the solutions? in Freshwater Microplastics - Emerging Environmental Contaminants (Eds Wagner M, Lambert S), The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 58. Springer.
Licence: Creative Commons 4.0 BY. Feel free to reuse, to change, and to adapt - just refer to the above-mentioned publication. The .svg file allows you to change parts of the figures easily with Inkscape (a free vector graphic program)
Cenozoic increase in samplelevel diversity in the marine benthic fossil record: shift in sampling techniques, loss of aragonite, or gain in gastropods?
No full textBiological veracity of the sharp diversity increase observed in many analyses of the post-Paleozoic marine fossil record has been debated vigorously in recent years. This pertains both to global synoptic curves as well as sample-level species richness patterns. Here, we add more fuel to the debate by comparing Jurassic, Late Cretaceous, and Neogene shelly fauna sampled at comparable spatial scales and restricted to comparable open marine siliciclastic facies.
Taken at face value, the results suggest that standardized sample-level species/genus diversity more than doubled between Jurassic and Neogene. The Cretaceous data show intermediate patterns. This increase persists when data are constrained latitudinally or confined to unlithified deposits only. However, when restricted to bivalves (the only group well represented in all analyzed time intervals), the Mesozoic diversity estimates drop only slightly suggesting that bivalves are primary component of the observed alpha diversity in that time interval. The other two higher taxa common in the Mesozoic (brachiopods and gastropods) account for a minor fraction of diversity in most samples. In contrast, the Cenozoic diversity drops dramatically when data are restricted to bivalves. Consequently, alpha diversity of the Mesozoic and Neogene bivalves are nearly identical and indistinguishable statistically. Cenozoic gastropods yield higher diversity than Cenozoic bivalves or any Mesozoic higher taxon.
The observed increase in whole-fauna species richness appears to be driven entirely by the addition of diverse gastropods. This may represent (1) true diversification, perhaps reflecting increased ecospace utilization; (2) aragonite loss, resulting in underestimation of Mesozoic gastropod diversity due to shell-less mode of preservation; and (3) differences in sampling techniques, with field surveys of Mesozoic molds/casts in lithified deposits capturing much fewer small gastropods than sieved bulk samples of Neogene sediments. Although we add questions rather than provide answers, it is clear that dissecting diversity trends across higher taxa is a fruitful direction of research that provides new specific target questions and should help us to decouple artifacts from true evolutionary signals entombed in the fossil record of diversity
Biodiversity of museum and bulk field samples compared: The Chiampo sponge fauna (Eocene, Lessini Mountains, Italy)
No full textThe sponge body fossils from the Lutetian (Eocene) of Chiampo Valley in north-eastern Italy, Lessini Mountains, ex-hibit a high diversity. The fauna, comprising 32 species, was recently described in a systematic study based on museum material. Here we compare diversity measures and rank-abundance distributions between the museum material and new material from random surface collection at the original sampling site. Not surprisingly, we find that selectively col-lected museum material tends to have greater diversity and evenness than bulk field samples. Nevertheless, abundance rank- orders are maintained between samples. Bulk field sampling revealed hexactinellids to be strongly dominant over lithistids, which suggests a deep-water setting of greater than 200 m water dept
Boron- and stoichiometry-related defect engineering during B(2)O(3)-free GaAs crystal growth
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