2,272 research outputs found
Short term effect of continuous positive airway pressure on muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with chronic heart failure
No full textObjective-To test the hypothesis that the short term application of continuous positive airways pressure (CPAP) increases muscle sympathetic nerve activity in patients with congestive heart failure. Setting-University hospital and tertiary referral centre. Patients-10 patients with congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional class III; mean (SEM) left ventricular ejection fraction 22 (1)%) and 10 healthy subjects matched for age, sex, and weight. Main outcome measurements-Muscle sympathetic nerve activity, assessed by microneurography of the peroneal nerve, blood pressure, heart rate, minute ventilation, transcutaneous oxygen saturation, and end tidal PCO2 were measured during normal breathing, mask breathing, and CPAP at 5 and 10 cm H2O. Results-CPAP induced an increase in muscle sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in both the patients and the control subjects. In the patients, sympathetic nerve activity increased from 43 (14) bursts/min during mask breathing to 47 (13) bursts/min at CPAP 10 cm H2O (p = 0.03); mean blood pressure increased from 80 (3) mm Hg to 86 (4) mm Hg (p < 0.001). Oxygen saturation improved during CPAP in the patients, from 95.7 (0.6)% to 96.6 (0.7)% (p = 0.004) and remained stable in the control group. There was no effect of CPAP on minute ventilation or heart rate. Conclusions- In patients with congestive heart failure, short term CPAP elicits sympathetic activation, probably because of unloading of the aortic or cardiopulmonary baroreceptors
Re: Heindl et al.: The eyes of Oetzi: the Tyrolean iceman mummy (Ophthalmology. 2019;126:530)
No full textTo the editor:We read the Pictures & Perspectives by Heindl et al1 regarding the eyes of Oetzi, the celebrated Tyrolean Iceman dating back to the 4th millennium bce. Building on previous studies, the authors mention a “unique view” onto this ancient corpse’s anatomy, thanks to the “natural mummification in the glacier ice,”1 which has allowed many important discoveries, including the determination of this prehistoric individual’s violent cause of death. Specifically, addressing the issue of the preservation of ocular structures,2, 3 it is interesting to examine the actual role played by environmental and climate conditions as opposed to purely anatomic characteristics of the tissues themselves
Disparate effects of adhesion and degranulation of platelets on myocardial and coronary function in postischaemic hearts
No full textBeside the major effect of acute thrombus formation, little is known about the interaction of platelets with the coronary endothelium in an ischaemia–reperfusion situation. The present study was designed to investigate, separately, the consequences of platelet adhesion and degranulation during myocardial reperfusion. Methods: Isolated guinea pig hearts perfused with Krebs–Henseleit buffer and performing pressure–volume work were used. We infringed myocardial function by imposing ischaemia (20 min of low-flow perfusion with 1 ml/min and 10 min of global ischaemia) and reperfusion (15 min with 5 ml/min). During low-flow perfusion, the coronary endothelium was stimulated by thrombin before and during infusion of a bolus: 108 washed human platelets±the Arg–Gly–Asp (RGD) analogon lamifiban, the supernatant of 108 thrombin-stimulated platelets, fibrinogen (2 μM), lamifiban (2 μM) or Tyrode’s solution (control group). The parameter external heart work (EHW), determined pre- and postischaemically, served as criterion for recovery of myocardial function. Additionally, the formation of capillary transudate was measured during the reperfusion phase to assess coronary permeability. Coronary perfusion pressure was monitored continuously and myocardial production of lactate and consumption of pyruvate were measured. Electron microscopy of hearts was performed after platelet application to verify platelet adhesion in the coronary system. Results: Recovery of EHW by hearts without platelet application was 64±3% and was significantly reduced to 49±5% by platelet infusion (n=8 each). Infusion of supernatant of thrombin-stimulated platelets did not impair recovery of heart work. In the reperfusion phase (6th–10th min), hearts that either had received platelets or supernatant of platelets exhibited a significantly reduced production of capillary transudate (70 μl/min vs. 180 μl/min for the controls). Intracoronary bolus application of fibrinogen or lamifiban also reduced coronary leak. Coronary perfusion pressure and metabolic parameters were not statistically different between the groups at any time. Conclusions: Platelet adhesion to the coronary endothelium in a situation of myocardial ischaemia impairs cardiac recovery, whereas constituents released by platelets may have beneficial effects on the integrity of the coronary endothelium. In particular, fibrinogen seems to contribute to the permeability reducing effect, possibly by interaction with endothelial receptors recognising the RGD sequence
Ergotherapeutische Behandlung bei der Diagnose Long Covid Syndrom : eine Sammlung von evidenzbasierten ergotherapeutischen Behandlungsmethoden, welche symptomlindernd bei der Diagnose Long Covid Syndrom wirken eingereicht von: Heindl Mario
No full textKurzfassungHintergrund: Im Jahr 2020 kam es zu einer weltweiten Epidemie, verursacht durch das Coronavirus. Durch diese Erkrankung kann sich ein sogenanntes Long Covid Syndrom manifestieren. Die Ergotherapie spielt aufgrund ihrer ganzheitlichen Sichtweise eine wichtige Rolle in der Behandlung von Long Covid. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, evidenzbasierte ergotherapeutische Maßnahmen zu finden, welche symp-tomlindernd bei der Diagnose Long Covid Syndrom wirken. Methode: Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde ein Scoping Review durchgeführt. Mittels zuvor definierter Suchworte wurde in den Datenbanken Pubmed, Otseeker, Cochrane library und Google Scholar nach Literatur gesucht. Die Literatur musste in deutscher oder englischer Sprache verfasst, in den Jahren 2019-2022 veröffentlicht worden sein und für den Verfasser der Arbeit zugänglich sein und eine ergotherapeutische Maßnahme zur Behandlung eines Long Covid Symp-toms beinhalten. Ergebnisse: Schließlich konnten 3 Studien zur Verwendung herangezogen werden. Eine Studie wurde dem zweiten Evidenzlevel zugeordnet und die restlichen wurden als graue Literatur identifiziert. Es konnten ergotherapeutische Maßnahmen be-züglich dem Symptom Fatigue gefunden werden. Diese sind das Ressourcenma-nagement, Techniken zur Erleichterung von Aktivitäten und das Energy Manage-ment Education Programm. Symptomunabhängig wurde ein Multikontextansatz zur kognitiven Rehabilitation als Maßnahme identifiziert. Conclusio: In dieser Arbeit konnten ergotherapeutische Maßnahmen identifiziert werden, die lindernd beim Symptom Fatigue wirken. Da zu den zahlreichen ande-ren Symptomen des Long Covid Syndroms keine Maßnahmen identifiziert wurden, ergibt sich eine Forschungslücke.Background: In 2019 the coronavirus began to spread and caused a worldwide epi-demic. There is a possibility to get a long covid syndrome because of the corona-virus disease. Occupational therapy can play an important role in the treatment of long covid due to its holistic view of the patient. The aim of this study was to find evidence-based occupational therapy interventions that can provide symptom re-lief for individuals diagnosed with the long covid syndrome.Method: A scoping review was conducted, to answer the research question. Using previously defined search terms, literature was searched in the databases Pubmed, Otseeker, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. The literature had to be written in german or english, published in 2019-2022, accessible to the author of the paper, and include an occupational therapy intervention for the treatment of a long covid symptom.Results: Finally, 3 studies could be used. One study was assigned to the second level of evidence and the rest were identified as gray literature. Occupational therapy interventions related to the symptom fatigue could be found. These are resource management, techniques to facilitate activities, and the energy management edu-cation program. A multicontext approach to cognitive rehabilitation was identified as a possible intervention independent of a symptom.Conclusio: Because of this review occupational therapy interventions could be identified to minimize discomfort caused by fatigue. Since no measures were iden-tified for the numerous other symptoms of the long covid syndrome, a research gap results.Bachelorarbeit FH JOANNEUM 202
Resolution of the Federal Joint Committee on the mandatory introduction and implementation of acute pain management concepts—Importance and consequences for ophthalmology
No full textZusammenfassung Die patientenzentrierte und adäquate postoperative Schmerztherapie ist fester Bestandteil eines modernen Behandlungskonzepts und sollte auch in der modernen Augenheilkunde Standard sein. Durch die vom Gemeinsamen Bundesauschuss (G-BA) vorgegebene „Regelung zur verpflichtenden Einführung und Umsetzung von Akutschmerzmanagementkonzepten für eine angemessene postoperative Schmerztherapie“ müssen Kliniken und ambulante Einrichtungen seit dem 09.12.2020 Regelungen zur Schmerztherapie verpflichtend vorhalten. Sehr wahrscheinlich wurde der Bedarf der Schmerztherapie in der Ophthalmochirurgie bisher systematisch unterschätzt, Untersuchungen zur postoperativen Schmerzsymptomatik existieren kaum. Nach Ansicht der Autoren stellt der Beschluss eine Chance dar, um dem Thema mehr Beachtung zu schenken und interdisziplinäre Standards auch für die Augenheilkunde zu entwickeln. In diesem Beitrag sollen der G‑BA-Beschluss und die sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für ophthalmochirurgische Einrichtungen erläutert werden.Abstract Patient-centered and adequate postoperative pain management is an important part of a modern treatment concept and should also be standard in ophthalmology. Due to the “Regulation on the mandatory introduction and implementation of acute pain management concepts for adequate postoperative pain therapy” prescribed by the Federal Joint Committee of the German statutory healthcare system (G-BA), hospitals and outpatient facilities have been required to have regulations on pain management in place since 9 December 2020. It is very likely that the need of pain management in ophthalmic surgery has been systematically underestimated so far and studies on postoperative pain hardly exist. In the opinion of the authors, the decision represents an opportunity to pay more attention to the topic and to develop standards for ophthalmology as well. This article explains the G‑BA decision and the resulting consequences for ophthalmic surgical institutions
A practical approach to offset permits in post Kyoto climate policy
No full textInternational Carbon Offsets from developing countries and emerging economies such as permits from the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) will potentially play an important role for cost containment in domestic greenhouse gas regulation schemes in industrialised countries. We analyse the potential role of offset permits assuming that major emitters such as the USA, Canada, Japan, Australia and New Zealand install domestic greenhouse gas regulation schemes to achieve the emissions reductions pledged in the Copenhagen Accord and seek cost containment. We estimate a potential demand for offset permits of 627 to 667 MtCO2e p.a. from industrialised countries. To describe the supply structure, we derive marginal abatement cost curves for developing countries and emerging economies. We find that developing countries and emerging economies can supply 627 to 667 MtCO2e p.a. at costs of approximately EUR 10 (in 2004 EUR), neglecting transaction costs and country specific risks. The highest potentials for the generation of carbon offsets are present in China, India and the rest of Asia. --emissions trading,offsets,CDM,marginal abatement costs,climate policy
Thérapeutique des maladies de la bouche, du pharynx et du larynx / par A. Heindl,... ; traduction et annotations par C. Chauveau et M. Menier
No full textCollection : Collection C. ChauveauCollection : Collection C. ChauveauContient une table des matièresAvec mode text
History of Polygraph Examinations in Poland
No full text"The first mentions of instrumental lie detection in investigations date back to
a work published in 1939 by W. K. Zielińska Znaczenie psychologicznej diagnostyki dla celów śledczych (literally: “Significance of psychological diagnosing for investigative purposes”, Zielińska 1939). The author first describes Gorphe’s (Gorphe 1924) and Lipmann’s (Lipmann 1911) experiments in registering the tremor of hands caused by emotions with the “automatograph” and “psychograph” devices, and Lowenstein’s experiments (described by Heindl, Heindl 1922) in which the scientist registered head and limb movements, and pulse and breathing rate during the experiments using a technique similar to today’s GKT to ascertain the name of a person that the examined knew yet preferred to deny."(...
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