809 research outputs found
René Géronimo Favaloro : pioneer of Cardiac Surgery
No full textDr. René G. Favaloro moved to the Cleveland Clinic in 1962 and proceeded to reshape the face of cardiac surgery as we knew it. Together with his colleagues at the Cleveland Clinic, Drs. Effler, Sones, Proudfit, Groves, Sheldon and countless others, he contributed to the double internal mammary arterymyocardial implantation by the Vineberg method, and by May 1967, he reconstructed the right coronary artery by the saphenous vein graft interposition. These landmark procedures paved the way for the aorto-coronary saphenous vein bypass graft in October 1967. Many similar breakthroughs ensued, with the application of the bypass technique to the left coronary artery, the combination of coronary artery bypass graft with left ventricular reconstruction and valve repair/replacement and finally, by December, a double bypass to the right coronary artery and anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. In June, 1971, Dr. Favaloro decided to leave the Cleveland Clinic and return to Argentina where he created a medical centre, a teaching unit, a research department and finally an Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery. This was his greatest personal ambition. Over and above his brilliant mind and craft, Dr. Favaloro was a man of integrity, courage, honesty and humility, whose name will never cease to reverberate throughout the history of medicine.peer-reviewe
Framing the framing effect : The impact of context cues on solutions to the "Asian disease" problem
No full textBohner G, Reinhard M-A, Sturm S, Kerschbaum B, Effler D. Rape myths as neutralizing cognitions: Evidence for a causal impact of anti-victim attitudes on men's self-reported likelihood of raping. European Journal of Social Psychology. 1998;28(2):257-269
Empowering or Disempowering? Online Support Among Seafarer-Partners
No full textPast research in sociology and social psychology has revealed two aspects of online support. This mutual support among members of online support groups brings about empowerment as well as produces common values. The interaction between the two, however, has not been explicitly explored. This paper fills in this gap by examining the activities of a group of seafarer-partners in an online support group. It shows that common beliefs and values in groups can make online support, which is supposed to be empowering, serve disempowering purposes. This suggests that online support can produce a tension between empowerment and disempowerment. The finding leads to the conclusion that group values condition the empowerment potential of online support.Cyberspace, Empowerment, Gender, Relationships, Seafaring, Support Groups, Values
Effler, Jacob (Death, 1902-11-01)
No full textAddress: 24 Mary St.Age at death: 20-8-1927/Pg 102/1902/M W S/Germany/Dr. Mary A. Hoehn/Henry Huelsman/St. Marys Cem.Original record filed in drawer labeled 'EDWARDS, J.-EISELE'
Effler, Michael (Birth, 1887-12-24)
No full textAddress: Columbia6681/Pg 164/1887/W M/Germ./Germ./Agnes Bechtold, Mid.Original record filed in drawer labeled 'EDWARDS, J.-EISELE'
Reorganisation unter dem Blickwinkel der Motivation am Beispiel des Patientenschulungsprozesses einer Schwerpunktpraxis
No full textThe Energies of Activism: Rethinking Agency in Contemporary Climate Change Activism
No full textThis thesis is concerned with the energies of activism, and uses an exploration of the concept of ‘energy’ to rethink the agency of activism, rethinking: what counts as an act, who counts as an actor, and in particular how action is produced in activism. This process of rethinking brings recent theorising around agency more broadly, specifically in relation to non-representational theory, the more-than-human, and affect, into conversation with the practice of activism. The empirical aspect of this research involved three case studies of UK climate change activism, each of which demonstrates a particular form of activism: activism in the form of ‘direct’ action through the protest camps of Camp for Climate Action, activism as a more mundane and regular part of life through the meetings and events of a Transition Town group, and activism as a lifestyle in itself through the low-impact living and building practices of the Lammas eco-village. The methodology involved an immersive participatory approach consisting of periods of observant participation, alongside in-depth interviews with activists, the material from which was then developed into immersive narratives (Summers-Effler, 2010). These narratives aim to illuminate: the role of the more-than-human (Bennett, 2010) in the act of activism, and that emotions and affects are not simply “straightforward ‘prompts’ for activism” (Horton and Kraftl, 2009: 17) in line with emerging activism literature, but instead, alongside the human, the more-than-human, and the act of activism itself, emotions and affect are part of the ‘conditions’ (Ahmed, 2010) for action in activism. In this research, rather than action being literally and linearly produced, the potential for action emerged as a process of aligned and openness to action, and therefore always pivots on the relations between elements rather than the properties of a single element or actor
MERIS satellite chlorophyll mapping of oligotrophic and eutrophic waters in the Laurentian Great Lakes
No full textChlorophyll-a (Chla) concentrations and ‘water-leaving’ reflectance were assessed along transects in Keweenaw Bay (Lake Superior) and in Green Bay (Lake Michigan) (two of the Laurentian Great Lakes, USA), featuring oligotrophic (0.4–0.8 mg Chla m− 3) and eutrophic to hyper-eutrophic waters (11–131 mg Chla m− 3), respectively. A red-to-NIR band Chla retrieval algorithm proved to be applicable to Green Bay, but gave mostly negative values for Keweenaw Bay. An alternative algorithm could be based on Chla fluorescence, which in Keweenaw Bay was indicated by enhanced reflectance near 680 nm. Bands 7, 8 and 9 of the Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) have been specifically designed to detect phytoplankton fluorescence in coastal waters. A quite strong linear relationship was found between Chla concentration and fluorescence line height (FLH) computed with these MERIS bands. The same relationship held for observations on oligotrophic waters elsewhere, but not for Green Bay, where the FLH diminished to become negative as Chla increased. The remote sensing application of the algorithms could be tested because a MERIS scene was acquired coinciding with the day of the field observations in Keweenaw Bay and one day after those in Green Bay. For Green Bay the pixel values from the red-to-NIR band algorithm compared well to the steep Chla gradient in situ. This result is very positive from the perspective of satellite use in monitoring eutrophic inland and coastal waters in many parts of the world. Implementation of the FLH relationship in the scene of Keweenaw Bay produced highly variable pixel values. The FLH in oligotrophic inland waters like Lake Superior appears to be very close to or below the MERIS detection limit. An empirical algorithm incorporating three MERIS bands in the blue-to-green spectral region might be used as an alternative, but its applicability to other regions and seasons remains to be verified. Moreover, none of the algorithms will be suitable for mesotrophic water bodies. The results indicate that Chla mapping in oligotrophic and mesotrophic areas of the Great Lakes remains problematic for the current generation of satellite sensors.
Maternal Pertussis Vaccination, Infant Immunization, and Risk of Pertussis
No full textOBJECTIVES
Following the introduction of jurisdictional maternal pertussis vaccination programs in Australia, we estimated maternal vaccine effectiveness (VE) and whether maternal pertussis vaccination modified the effectiveness of the first 3 primary doses of pertussis-containing vaccines.
METHODS
We conducted a population-based cohort study of 279 418 mother–infant pairs using probabilistic linkage of administrative health records in 3 Australian jurisdictions. Infants were maternally vaccinated if their mother had a documented pertussis vaccination ≥14 days before birth. Jurisdictional immunization records were used to identify receipt of the first 3 infant doses of pertussis-containing vaccines. Infant pertussis infections were identified using notifiable disease records. VE was estimated using Cox proportional hazard models.
RESULTS
Pertussis was administered during 51.7% (n = 144 429/279 418) of pregnancies, predominantly at 28–31 weeks’ gestation. VE of maternal pertussis vaccination declined from 70.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 50.5–82.3) among infants <2 months old to 43.3% (95% CI, 6.8–65.6) among infants 7–8 months old and was not significant after 8 months of age. Although we observed slightly lower VE point estimates for the third dose of infant pertussis vaccine among maternally vaccinated compared with unvaccinated infants (76.5% vs 92.9%, P = .002), we did not observe higher rates of pertussis infection (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.61–3.39).
CONCLUSIONS
Pertussis vaccination near 28 weeks’ gestation was associated with lower risk of infection among infants through 8 months of age. Although there was some evidence of lower effectiveness of infant vaccination among maternally vaccinated infants, this did not appear to translate to greater risk of disease.Full Tex
Benthic-pelagic nutrient cycling in shallow lakes : investigating the functional role of benthic microalgae
No full textMicrobes, living on the boundary between the sediment and the water-column in lakes, can play a pivotal role in governing the magnitude and frequency of nutrient cycling. The purpose of this research was to focus on the role of benthic microalgae in regulating such processes and to identify spatial and temporal characteristics in their function.
Approaches included the quantification of sediment nutrient concentrations (particularly P fractionation), estimates of equilibrium phosphate concentrations (EPC0) (resuspended and undisturbed sediment estimates), and assessment of the benthic microalgal community composition, biostabilisation capacity, and its ability to regulate diffusive-nutrient flux.
This thesis highlighted the importance of biological regulation of benthic/pelagic nutrient cycling, especially the role of benthic microautotrophs. Release sensitive sediment-P fractions were observed to be highly variable (both with depth and season) and correlated well with indicators of benthic photosynthesis (e.g. DO, chlorophyll, pH). Understanding the seasonality of whole-system P partitioning can enhance future lake management programmes. EPC0 estimates were significantly higher during undisturbed as opposed to disturbed sediment conditions. Epipelon constituted < 17 % of the total sediment chlorophyll signal and was highest in the clearer winter months and at intermediate depths at which a trade off between wind-induced habitat disturbance and light limitation existed. In intact core experiments, the benthic microalgal community significantly reduced the diffusive nutrient (especially PO₄-P and SiO₂) flux. NH₄ -N release was highest under light conditions at high temperatures. The mechanisms for regulation included direct uptake, photosynthetic oxygenation of the sediment surface, and regulation of nitrification/denitrification processes. Sediment stability increased with colloidal carbohydrate concentration (extruded by benthic microbes) at 4.1 m water-depth but not at 2.1 m overlying water depth, probably indicating the role of habitat disturbance in shallow areas acting to reduce epipelic production. Additionally, in an ecosystem comparison, the nature and extent of the biotic mediation of sediment stability varied between freshwater and estuarine ecosystems
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