258 research outputs found
Limitaciones de la procalcitonina como marcador único de sepsis neonatal de origen nosocomial
No full textLópez Sastre, J.B., Pérez Solís, D., Roqués Serradilla, V., Fernández Colomer, B., Coto Cotallo, G.D., Krauel Vidal, X., Narbona López, E., García del Río, M., Sánchez Luna, M., Belaustegui Cueto, A., Moro Serrano, M., Urbón Artero, A., Álvaro Iglesias, E., Cotero Lavin, A., Martínez Vilalta, E., Jimenez Cobos, B
Probable early-onset group B streptococcal neonatal sepsis: A serious clinical condition related to intrauterine infection
No full textCarbonell-Estrany, X., Figueras-Aloy, J., Salcedo-Abizanda, S., De La Rosa-Fraile, M., Salcedo, S., López Sastre, J., Coto Cotallo, G.D., Fernández Colomer, B., González, T., Reparaz Vidal, R., Fidalgo Álvarez, I., Alvaro Iglesias, E., Aragón García, M.P., González Armengod, C., Pedraz García, C., Urbón Artero, A., Aparicio Lozano, P., Cotero Lavín, A., Paisán Grisolía, L., De Alba Romero, C., Sánchez Luna, M., Moro Serrano, M., Botet, F., Krauel Vidal, X., Iriondo Sanz, M., Porta, R., Roqués Serradilla, V., Ortiz Tardío, J., García Del Río, M., Guzmán Cabañas, J., Zamarriego, C., Rosso González, M.L., García García, M.J., Doménech Martínez, E
Procalcitonin is not sufficiently reliable to be the sole marker of neonatal sepsis of nosocomial origin
No full textBackground: It has recently been suggested that serum procalcitonin (PCT) is of value in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, with varying results. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to assess the usefulness of PCT as a marker of neonatal sepsis of nosocomial origin. Methods: One hundred infants aged between 4 and 28 days of life admitted to the Neonatology Services of 13 acute-care teaching hospitals in Spain over 1-year with clinical suspicion of neonatal sepsis of nosocomial origin were included in the study. Serum PCT concentrations were determined by a specific immunoluminometric assay. The reliability of PCT for the diagnosis of nosocomial neonatal sepsis at the time of suspicion of infection and at 12–24 h and 36–48 h after the onset of symptoms was calculated by receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves. The Youden's index (sensitivity + specificity - 1) was used for determination of optimal cutoff values of the diagnostic tests in the different postnatal periods. Sensitivity, specificity, and the likelihood ratio of a positive and negative result with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Results: The diagnosis of nosocomial sepsis was confirmed in 61 neonates. Serum PCT concentrations were significantly higher at initial suspicion and at 12–24 h and 36–48 h after the onset of symptoms in neonates with confirmed sepsis than in neonates with clinically suspected but not confirmed sepsis. Optimal PCT thresholds according to ROC curves were 0.59 ng/mL at the time of suspicion of sepsis (sensitivity 81.4%, specificity 80.6%); 1.34 ng/mL within 12–24 h of birth (sensitivity 73.7%, specificity 80.6%), and 0.69 ng/mL within 36–48 h of birth (sensitivity 86.5%, specificity 72.7%). Conclusion: Serum PCT concentrations showed a moderate diagnostic reliability for the detection of nosocomial neonatal sepsis from the time of suspicion of infection. PCT is not sufficiently reliable to be the sole marker of sepsis, but would be useful as part of a full sepsis evaluation.López Sastre, J.B., Pérez Solís, D., Roqués Serradilla, V., Fernández Colomer, B., Coto Cotallo, G.D., Krauel Vidal, X., Narbona López, E., García del Río, M., Sánchez Luna, M., Belaustegui Cueto, A., Moro Serrano, M., Urbón Artero, A., Álvaro Iglesias, E., Cotero Lavin, A., Martínez Vilalta, E., Jimenez Cobos, B
Janus: An FPGA-Based System for High-Performance Scientific Computing
No full text© 2009, IEEE. Artículo firmado por 23 autores. We thank M. Lena and S. Sialino for their outstanding support during the commissioning of the first JANUS system.This paper describes JANUS, a modular massively parallel and reconfigurable FPGA-based computing system. Each JANUS module has a computational core and a host. The computational core is a 4x4 array of FPGA-based processing elements with nearest-neighbor data links. Processors are also directly connected to an I/O node attached to the JANUS host, a conventional PC. JANUS is tailored for, but not limited to, the requirements of a class of hard scientific applications characterized by regular code structure, unconventional data manipulation instructions and not too large data-base size. We discuss the architecture of this configurable machine, and focus on its use on Monte Carlo simulations of statistical mechanics. On this class of application JANUS achieves impressive performances: in some cases one JANUS processing element outperfoms high-end PCs by a factor ≈1000. We also discuss the role of JANUS on other classes of scientific applications.Depto. de Física TeóricaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEpu
An educational proposal in 4th grade based on collaboration-opposition games under the cooperative learning model to promote group cohesion
No full textEl aprendizaje cooperativo es un modelo pedagógico que puede servir como herramienta educativa no sólo para
favorecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del alumnado sino su cohesión dentro de un grupo-clase. Objetivos: El objetivo
principal de la investigación fue conocer los niveles de cohesión de un grupo de 4º curso de Educación Primaria y crear una
propuesta educativa basada en juegos de colaboración-oposición bajo el modelo de aprendizaje cooperativo para fomentar la
cohesión social y la cohesión tarea del grupo. Métodos: La muestra del estudio estuvo compuesta por un total de 24 alumnos
(8 chicas y 16 chicos) del colegio “José Luis Cotallo” de 4º de Educación Primaria con unas edades comprendidas entre 9 y 11
años. Para conocer los niveles de cohesión se utilizó el cuestionario The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire-YSEQ
adaptado por Leo et al. (2023). Resultados y discusión: Los resultados del trabajo expusieron unos valores medios de
cohesión social (M=7.16) y tarea (M=7.86) positivos, aunque podrían mejorarse. Una vez obtenidos los resultados de los
niveles de cohesión, se propuso un programa de intervención basado en juegos de colaboración-oposición. Dicha propuesta de
intervención constaba de seis clases. Los juegos se caracterizaban por la realización de actividades motrices mientras se
desarrollaba la cooperación de los niños/as y realizando actividades que implicaban cognitivamente al alumnado y con un
fondo didáctico para el fomento de la transmisión de valores. Conclusiones: Mediante esta propuesta de programa de
intervención se pretendía proponer el uso del aprendizaje cooperativo como herramienta docente en la educación primaria para
paliar posibles niveles anómalos de las relaciones sociales entre el alumnado, fomentando la cohesión grupal.
Palabras clave: Aprendizaje cooperativo; juegos de colaboración-oposición; educación primaria; educación físicaCooperative learning is a pedagogical model that can serve as an educational tool not only to favour the
teaching-learning process of students but also their cohesion within a group-class.. Aim: The main objective of the research
was to find out the levels of cohesion of a group of 4th grade of Primary Education and to create an educational proposal
based on collaborative-opposition games under the model of cooperative learning to promote social cohesion and group task
cohesion. Methods: The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire-YSEQ adapted by Leo et al. (2023) was used to determine
the levels of cohesion. Results & discussion: The results of the work showed positive mean values of social cohesion
(M=7.16) and task (M=7.86), although they could be improved. Once the results of the cohesion levels were obtained, an
intervention programme based on collaboration-opposition games was proposed. This intervention proposal consisted of six
classes. The games were characterised by the carrying out of motor activities while developing the children's cooperation and
carrying out activities that cognitively involved the pupils and with a didactic background to promote the transmission of
values. Conclusions: This intervention programmer proposal aims to propose the use of cooperative learning as a teaching
tool in primary education to alleviate possible anomalous levels of social relations among pupils, promoting group cohesion.
Keywords: Cooperative learning; collaborative-opposition games; primary education; physical educationA aprendizagem cooperativa é um modelo pedagógico que pode servir como ferramenta educativa não só para
favorecer o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos mas também a sua coesão dentro de um grupo-turma. Objectivos: O
principal objetivo da investigação foi conhecer os níveis de coesão de um grupo do 4º ano do ensino básico e criar uma
proposta educativa baseada em jogos de colaboração-oposição no âmbito do modelo de aprendizagem cooperativa para
promover a coesão social e a coesão do grupo. Métodos: A amostra do estudo foi constituída por um total de 24 alunos (8
raparigas e 16 rapazes) da escola "José Luis Cotallo" do 4º ano do Ensino Básico, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e os
11 anos. Para determinar os níveis de coesão foi utilizado o The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire-YSEQ adaptado por
Leo et al. (2023). Resultados e discussão: Os resultados do trabalho revelaram valores médios positivos para a coesão social
(M=7.16) e para a tarefa (M=7.86), embora estes pudessem ser melhorados. Uma vez obtidos os resultados dos níveis de
coesão, foi proposto um programa de intervenção baseado em jogos de colaboração-oposição. Esta proposta de intervenção
consistiu em seis aulas. Os jogos caracterizavam-se pela realização de actividades motoras, desenvolvendo a cooperação das
crianças e realizando actividades que envolviam cognitivamente os alunos e com um fundo didático para promover a
transmissão de valores. Conclusões: Esta proposta de programa de intervenção tem como objetivo propor a utilização da
aprendizagem cooperativa como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino básico para atenuar possíveis níveis anómalos de relações
sociais entre os alunos, promovendo a coesão do grup
Uma proposta educativa no 4º ano do Ensino Básico baseada em jogos de colaboração-oposição no âmbito do modelo de aprendizagem cooperativa para promover a coesão do grupo
No full textIntroducción: El aprendizaje cooperativo es un modelo pedagógico que puede servir como herramienta educativa no sólo para favorecer el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del alumnado sino su cohesión dentro de un grupo-clase. Objetivos: El objetivo principal de la investigación fue conocer los niveles de cohesión de un grupo de 4º curso de Educación Primaria y crear una propuesta educativa basada en juegos de colaboración-oposición bajo el modelo de aprendizaje cooperativo para fomentar la cohesión social y la cohesión tarea del grupo. Métodos: La muestra del estudio estuvo compuesta por un total de 24 alumnos (8 chicas y 16 chicos) del colegio “José Luis Cotallo” de 4º de Educación Primaria con unas edades comprendidas entre 9 y 11 años. Para conocer los niveles de cohesión se utilizó el cuestionario The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire-YSEQ adaptado por Leo et al. (2023). Resultados y discusión: Los resultados del trabajo expusieron unos valores medios de cohesión social (M=7.16) y tarea (M=7.86) positivos, aunque podrían mejorarse. Una vez obtenidos los resultados de los niveles de cohesión, se propuso un programa de intervención basado en juegos de colaboración-oposición. Dicha propuesta de intervención constaba de seis clases. Los juegos se caracterizaban por la realización de actividades motrices mientras se desarrollaba la cooperación de los niños/as y realizando actividades que implicaban cognitivamente al alumnado y con un fondo didáctico para el fomento de la transmisión de valores. Conclusiones: Mediante esta propuesta de programa de intervención se pretendía proponer el uso del aprendizaje cooperativo como herramienta docente en la educación primaria para paliar posibles niveles anómalos de las relaciones sociales entre el alumnado, fomentando la cohesión grupal.Introduction: Cooperative learning is a pedagogical model that can serve as an educational tool not only to favour the teaching-learning process of students but also their cohesion within a group-class.. Aim: The main objective of the research was to find out the levels of cohesion of a group of 4th grade of Primary Education and to create an educational proposal based on collaborative-opposition games under the model of cooperative learning to promote social cohesion and group task cohesion. Methods The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire-YSEQ adapted by Leo et al. (2023) was used to determine the levels of cohesion. Results & discussion: The results of the work showed positive mean values of social cohesion (M=7.16) and task (M=7.86), although they could be improved. Once the results of the cohesion levels were obtained, an intervention programme based on collaboration-opposition games was proposed. This intervention proposal consisted of six classes. The games were characterised by the carrying out of motor activities while developing the children's cooperation and carrying out activities that cognitively involved the pupils and with a didactic background to promote the transmission of values. Conclusions: This intervention programmer proposal aims to propose the use of cooperative learning as a teaching tool in primary education to alleviate possible anomalous levels of social relations among pupils, promoting group cohesion.Introdução: A aprendizagem cooperativa é um modelo pedagógico que pode servir como ferramenta educativa não só para favorecer o processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos alunos mas também a sua coesão dentro de um grupo-turma. Objectivos: O principal objetivo da investigação foi conhecer os níveis de coesão de um grupo do 4º ano do ensino básico e criar uma proposta educativa baseada em jogos de colaboração-oposição no âmbito do modelo de aprendizagem cooperativa para promover a coesão social e a coesão do grupo. Métodos: A amostra do estudo foi constituída por um total de 24 alunos (8 raparigas e 16 rapazes) da escola "José Luis Cotallo" do 4º ano do Ensino Básico, com idades compreendidas entre os 9 e os 11 anos. Para determinar os níveis de coesão foi utilizado o The Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire-YSEQ adaptado por Leo et al. (2023). Resultados e discussão: Os resultados do trabalho revelaram valores médios positivos para a coesão social (M=7.16) e para a tarefa (M=7.86), embora estes pudessem ser melhorados. Uma vez obtidos os resultados dos níveis de coesão, foi proposto um programa de intervenção baseado em jogos de colaboração-oposição. Esta proposta de intervenção consistiu em seis aulas. Os jogos caracterizavam-se pela realização de actividades motoras, desenvolvendo a cooperação das crianças e realizando actividades que envolviam cognitivamente os alunos e com um fundo didático para promover a transmissão de valores. Conclusões: Esta proposta de programa de intervenção tem como objetivo propor a utilização da aprendizagem cooperativa como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino básico para atenuar possíveis níveis anómalos de relações sociais entre os alunos, promovendo a coesão do grupo
Monte Carlo simulations for statistical physics: Janus
No full textJanus is an FPGA-based computer optimized for the simulation of spin glasses or similar condensed matter systems.
Computing requirements in this area are still not met by available commercial systems, so an application-driven machine, boosting performance by approximately a factor 100x is in this case the only viable option to simulate large systems for a time window comparable with experiments
Effect of case management on neonatal mortality due to sepsis and pneumonia.
No full textBACKGROUND: Each year almost one million newborns die from infections, mostly in low-income countries. Timely case management would save many lives but the relative mortality effect of varying strategies is unknown. We have estimated the effect of providing oral, or injectable antibiotics at home or in first-level facilities, and of in-patient hospital care on neonatal mortality from pneumonia and sepsis for use in the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). METHODS: We conducted systematic searches of multiple databases to identify relevant studies with mortality data. Standardized abstraction tables were used and study quality assessed by adapted GRADE criteria. Meta-analyses were undertaken where appropriate. For interventions with biological plausibility but low quality evidence, a Delphi process was undertaken to estimate effectiveness. RESULTS: Searches of 2876 titles identified 7 studies. Among these, 4 evaluated oral antibiotics for neonatal pneumonia in non-randomised, concurrently controlled designs. Meta-analysis suggested reductions in all-cause neonatal mortality (RR 0.75 95% CI 0.64- 0.89; 4 studies) and neonatal pneumonia-specific mortality (RR 0.58 95% CI 0.41- 0.82; 3 studies). Two studies (1 RCT, 1 observational study), evaluated community-based neonatal care packages including injectable antibiotics and reported mortality reductions of 44% (RR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.41-0.77) and 34% (RR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.47-0.93), but the interpretation of these results is complicated by co-interventions. A third, clinic-based, study reported a case-fatality ratio of 3.3% among neonates treated with injectable antibiotics as outpatients. No studies were identified evaluating injectable antibiotics alone for neonatal pneumonia. Delphi consensus (median from 20 respondents) effects on sepsis-specific mortality were 30% reduction for oral antibiotics, 65% for injectable antibiotics and 75% for injectable antibiotics on pneumonia-specific mortality. No trials were identified assessing effect of hospital management for neonatal infections and Delphi consensus suggested 80%, and 90% reductions for sepsis and pneumonia-specific mortality respectively. CONCLUSION: Oral antibiotics administered in the community are effective for neonatal pneumonia mortality reduction based on a meta-analysis, but expert opinion suggests much higher impact from injectable antibiotics in the community or primary care level and even higher for facility-based care. Despite feasibility and low cost, these interventions are not widely available in many low income countries. FUNDING: This work was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through a grant to the US Fund for UNICEF, and to Saving Newborn Lives Save the Children, through Save the Children US
IANUS: Scientific Computing on an FPGA-Based Architecture
No full textThis paper describes the architecture and FPGA-based implementation of a massively parallel processing system (IANUS). carefully tailored to the computing requirements of a class of simulation problems relevant in statistical physics. we first discuss the system architecture in general and then focus on the configuration of the system for Monte Carlo simulation of spin-glass systems. This is the first large-scale application of the machine, on which IANUS achieves impressive performance. Our architecture uses large-scale on chip parallelism (similar or equal to 1000 computing cores on each processor) so it is a relevant example in the quickly expanding field of many-core architectures
Charmonium and pair photoproduction at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
No full textThe ALICE Collaboration at the LHC has measured the and ' photoproduction at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV. The charmonium is identified via its leptonic decay for events where the hadronic activity is required to be minimal. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 23 . The cross section for coherent and incoherent production in the rapidity interval -0.9 < y < 0.9, are mb and mb, respectively. The results are compared to theoretical models for production and the coherent cross section is found to be in good agreement with those models which include nuclear gluon shadowing consistent with EPS09 parametrization. In addition the cross section for the process has been measured and found to be in agreement with the STARLIGHT Monte Carlo predictions.The ALICE Collaboration at the LHC has measured the J/ and photoproduction at mid-rapidity in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at TeV. The charmonium is identified via its leptonic decay for events where the hadronic activity is required to be minimal. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 23 . The cross section for coherent and incoherent J/ production in the rapidity interval , are mb. and mb, respectively. The results are compared to theoretical models for J/ production and the coherent cross section is found to be in good agreement with those models incorporating moderate nuclear gluon shadowing, such as EPS09 parametrization. In addition the cross section for the process has been measured and found to be in agreement with models implementing QED at leading order
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