5,644 research outputs found
Les prénoms masculins à Rennes pendant la Révolution (1785-1805)
No full textJean-Pierre Lethuillier, Male First Names in Rennes during the Revolution (1 785-1805).
Confining the search to « revolutionary first names » runs the risk of unevenly illuminating the way names react to political events, to the upheavals of Year II, and when they are few, it may give the impression that the corpuses are more or less inert. The author shows there is a need to widen the angle and include the entire stock of forenames. In Rennes, where the register of Christian names offers strong resistance to the years of Revolution, Year II yields an unusual crop of short forenames, as if, conversely, the long forename were « aristocratic ».La recherche des seuls « prénoms révolutionnaires » risque de n'éclairer que partiellement la réaction des systèmes prénominaux à l'événement politique, aux mutations de l'an II ; là où ils sont peu nombreux, le risque est même de laisser croire à la quasi-inertie des corpus. Cet article tente de montrer qu'il est souhaitable d'élargir la recherche, de s'intéresser à l'ensemble du stock des prénoms. À Rennes, où le registre chrétien des références prénominales résiste bien aux années de révolution, l'an II est le moment d'une flambée inaccoutumée de prénoms courts comme si, par opposition, le prénom long était « aristocratique ».Lethuillier Jean-Pierre. Les prénoms masculins à Rennes pendant la Révolution (1785-1805). In: Annales historiques de la Révolution française, n°322, 2000. pp. 87-110
Spectrophotometric properties of CoPhyLab’s dust mixtures
No full textObjective: In the framework of the Cometary Physics Laboratory (CoPhyLab) and its sublimation experiments of cometary surface analogues under simulated space conditions, we characterize the properties of intimate mixtures of juniper charcoal and SiO2 chosen as a dust analogue (Lethuillier et al. 2022). We present the details of these investigations for the spectrophotometric properties of the samples. Methods: We measured these properties using a hyperspectral imager and a radio-goniometer. From the samples’ spectra, we evaluated reflectance ratios and spectral slopes. From the measured phase curves, we inverted a photometric model for all samples. Complementary characterizations were obtained using a pycnometer, a scanning electron microscope and an organic elemental analyser. Results: We report the first values for the apparent porosity, elemental composition, and VIS-NIR spectrophotometric properties for juniper charcoal, as well as for intimate mixtures of this charcoal with the SiO2. We find that the juniper charcoal drives the spectrophotometric properties of the intimate mixtures and that its strong absorbance is consistent with its elemental composition. We find that SiO2 particles form large and compact agglomerates in every mixture imaged with the electron microscope, and its spectrophotometric properties are affected by such features and their particle-size distribution. We compare our results to the current literature on comets and other small Solar system bodies and find that most of the characterized properties of the dust analogue are comparable to some extent with the spacecraft-visited cometary nuclei, as well as to Centaurs, Trojans, and the bluest TNOs
L’enseignement des langues de spécialité comme préparation à la traduction spécialisée
No full textDans la formation des traducteurs professionnels modernes, on retrouve presque à égalité deux grandes composantes : la traduction générale et l’initiation à la traduction spécialisée. Si l’on peut dire que l’enseignement de la traduction générale repose sur une tradition bien établie, rien n’est moins vrai en ce qui concerne l’initiation à la traduction spécialisée. Dans ce texte, nous défendons l’idée que la meilleure façon de préparer à la traduction spécialisée consiste à dispenser un enseignement des langues de spécialité systématique, qui se fonde sur une pédagogie originale dont nous essayons de tracer les grandes lignes.Today translator training consists of two main components of equal importance: general translation and introduction to specialized translation. If there is a well established tradition for teaching general translation, the same cannot be said for specialized translation. In this article, the author suggests that the best preparation for specialized translation is systematic teaching of specialized language, and outlines an original framework for such teaching
The CMS PbWO4 Electromagnetic Calorimeter
No full textThe electromagnetic calorimeter under construction for the CMS experiment at LHC will be the largest crystal calorimeter ever built. The very fast and precise energy measurement of electrons and photons is based upon 76000 lead tungstate crystals read by avalanche photodiodes (APD) in the central barrel region and vacuum phototriodes (VPT) in the endcap regions. The major challenges to be faced are the ability to operate in a strong magnetic field of 4T and under unprecedented radiation levels, the LHC bunch crossing time of 25 ns, the need for a precise energy measurement over a very large dynamic range, from approximately 50 MeV to more than 1 TeV, and the high reliability required of the full on-board readout chain which will be inaccessible after the start of LHC in 2007. A review of the calorimeter design is given and the current status of the construction is reported. Highlights of results obtained during beam tests are also presented
The electrical properties of Titan's surface at the Huygens landing site measured with the PWA-HASI Mutual Impedance Probe. New approach and new findings
No full textTen years after the successful landing of the Huygens Probe on the surface of Titan, we reassess the derivation of ground complex permittivity using the PWA-MIP/HASI measurements (Permittivity, Waves and Altimetry-Mutual Impedance Probe/Huygens Atmospheric Structure Instrument) at the frequencies 45, 90 and 360 Hz. For this purpose, we have developed a numerical method, namely "the capacity-influence matrix method", able to account for new insights on the Huygens Probe attitude at its final resting position. We find that the surface of Titan at the landing site has a dielectric constant of 2.5 ± 0.3 and a conductivity of 1.2 ± 0.6 nS/m, in agreement with previously published results but with much more reliable error estimates. These values speak in favour of a photochemical origin of the material in the first meter of the subsurface. We also propose, for the first time, a plausible explanation for the sudden change observed by PWA-MIP ~11 min after landing: this change corresponds to a drop in the ground conductivity, probably due to the removal of a superficial conductive layer in association with the release of volatile materials warmed by the Huygens Probe
Tilting a Ground State Reactivity Landscape by Vibrational Strong Coupling
No full textInternational audienceLicence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Citation information: Thomas, Anoop; Lethuillier-Karl, Lucas; Nagarajan, Kalaivanan; M. A. Vergauwe, Robrecht; George, Jino; Chervy, Thibault; et al. (2018): Tilting a Ground State Reactivity Landscape by Vibrational Strong Coupling. ChemRxiv. Preprint. Site-selectivity is fundamental for steering chemical reactivity towards a given product and various efficient chemical methods have been developed for this purpose. Here we explore a very different approach by using vibrational strong coupling (VSC) between a reactant and the vacuum field of a microfluidic optical cavity. For this purpose, the reactivity of a compound bearing two possible silyl bond cleavage sites, at Si-C and Si-O, was studied as a function of VSC of its various vibrational modes in the dark. The results show that VSC can indeed tilt the reactivity landscape to favor one product over the other. Thermodynamic parameters reveal the presence of a large activation barrier and significant changes to the activation entropy, confirming the modified chemical landscape under strong coupling. This study shows for the first time that VSC can impart site-selectivity for chemical reactions without the need for chemical intervention. File list (2) download file view on ChemRxiv Site Selectivity MS ChemRxiv.pdf (1.49 MiB) download file view on ChemRxiv Site Selectivity SI ChemRxiv.pdf (1.44 MiB
Recherche de bosons de Higgs neutres dans les événements à deux leptons isolés à LEP2 et mise au point d'un détecteur de contrôle du bruit de fond dans l'expérience DELPHI
No full textRecherche de bosons de Higgs neutres dans les événements à 2 jets et 2 muons dans l'expérience DELPHI à LEP 200
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