151 research outputs found
DEUTSCHE AFRIKA KORPS: Peranan Field Marshal Erwin Rommel dalam Perang Dunia II di Afrika Utara 1941-1943
No full textLatar belakang penelitian ini dikarenakan ketertarikan penulis akan suasana Perang Dunia II di Afrika Utara yang mempunyai ciri khas tersendiri dibanding pertempuran lainnya yang terjadi selama Perang Dunia II berlangsung. Masalah utama yang dibahas dalam skripsi ini adalah ‘bagaimana peranan Field Marshal Erwin Rommel dalam Perang Dunia II di Afrika Utara?’. Masalah utama ini kemudian dijabarkan kedalam beberapa pernyataan penelitian, yakni (1) bagaimana latar belakang keterlibatan Jerman dalam pertempuran di Afrika Utara 1941-1943?, (2) apa yang melatarbelakangi Jerman menunjuk Field Marshal Erwin Rommel untuk memimpin Deutsche Afrika Korps?, (3) bagaimana proses pertempuran yang dipimpin Field Marshal Erwin Rommel di Afrika Utara 1941-943?, (4) Bagaimana akhir dari pertempuran Jerman pada Perang Dunia II di Afrika Utara 1941-1943? Metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis meliputi pengumpulan sumber, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Untuk memperdalam analisis, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan interdisipliner melalui kajian ilmu sosiologi, militer dan politik dengan menggunakan konsep-konsep seperti peran, status, perang, serta menggunakan teori konflik Lewis A. Coser dan teori geopolitik Karl Haushoffer. Deutsche Afrika Korps dibentuk akibat keterlibatan Jerman dalam pertempuran di Afrika Utara. Keterlibatan Jerman di Afrika Utara disebabkan karena Afrika Utara memiliki arti penting bagi Jerman karena memiliki Terusan Suez dan benteng Gibraltar. Selain itu hubungan Italia-Jerman yang merupakan blok Poros akibat perjanjian Pakta Baja dan Pakta Tripartit membuat Jerman harus terlibat dalam pertempuran. Deutsche Afrika Korps ini dipimpin oleh Field Marshal Erwin Rommel yang dipercayai oleh Hitler karena kepimpinannya dan kepopulerannya dikalangan pasukan Jerman. Rommel memiliki peranan yang sangat penting ketika Jerman membantu Italia di Afrika Utara. Taktik dan strategi Rommel yang jenius membuat Sekutu kewalahan. Strategi yang digunakan diantaranya membuat tank dari kayu untuk mengelabui musuh dan juga memposisikan Flak 88mm dalam bentuk U untuk menjebak tank musuh dalam jebakannya. Proses pertempuran di Afrika Utara ini diawali ketika Rommel mendarat di Tripoli dengan langsung melakukan ofensif mendesak Sekutu menuju perbatasan Libya-Mesir. Selain itu juga Rommel mendapatkan perlawanan dari Sekutu yang melakukan beberapa operasi yang bertujuan untuk memukul mundur Jerman dari Afrika Utara. Operasi tersebut diantaranya operasi Brevity, operasi Battleaxe dan operasi Crusader. Perlawanan Rommel berakhir ketika kekalahan Jerman di El Alamein yang disebabkan faktor kurangnya logistik dan ketidakseimbangan kuantitas pasukan yang dimiliki antara Poros dan Sekutu di El Alamein. Kekalahan Jerman di El Alamein merupakan salah satu turning point bagi Sekutu dalam Perang Dunia II ini dan mengubah arah berlangsungnya perang kedepannya.
The reason of research because author interested with World War II situation in Northern Africa that have characterized be compared another war in World War II. The main problem to discuss in this research is “ How Field Marshal Erwin Rommel role in the World War II in Northern Africa?”. The main problem divided into four research questions, (1) what the purpose Germany includes in battle of Northern Africa 1941-1943?, (2) what the reason Germany choose Field Marshal Erwin Rommel to led Deutsche Afrika Korps?, (3) what is the process that led Field Marshal Erwin Rommel in Northern Africa 1941-1943?, (4) how to end the Germany battle in the World War II in Northern Afrika 1941-1943?. The research uses historic methodology involved Heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. To deepen the analysis, researcher uses interdisciplinary approach through the study sociology, military, and politics with concept and theory like role, status, war, conflict theory from Lewis A. Coser, and geopolitical theory from Karl Haushoffer. Deutsche Afrika Korps formed as result of Germany includes in Battle of Northern Africa. Germany involvement in Northern Africa due to Northern Africa has significance for Germany because have Suez Canal and Fort Gibraltar. In addtion, the relation between Germany and Italy who where Axis due to Agreement Steel Pact and Tripartit Pact makes Germany must includes in the battle. Deutsche Afrika Korps is led by Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and believed Hitler because leadership and popularity among the Germany Troops. Rommel has a very important role when Germany helped Italy in Northern Africa. Tactics and strategy genius Rommel make allied overwhelmed. The strategy used them made of wood tanks to trick enemy and Flak 88m in form U to trap enemy tanks. The process battle in Northern Africa begins when Rommel landed in Tripoli and makes offensive to push Allied towards Libya-Egypt border. It also Rommel get resistance from Allied who perform several operations aimed at repelling Germany of Northern Africa. Such operations include Brevity Operation, Battleaxe Operation, and Crusader Operation. Rommel resistance ended when Germany defeat in El Alamein due to lack of logistical factors and troops possessed imbalance quantity between Axis and Allied. The defeat of Germany in El Alamein is one of turning point for Allied in World War and changing the direction of war in the future
“Honorable men”: Robert E. Lee, Erwin Rommel, and the Memory and Forgetting of Defeat and Guilt
No full textIn October 2017, White House Chief of Staff John F. Kelly criticized those who wanted to bring down statues of Confederate General Robert E. Lee, defending him as “an honorable man.” Geraldo Rivera also took part in the heated debate about Confederate monuments: “#RobertELee is a lot like #ErwinRommel a glorious yet failed warrior, untarnished by the sins of his brothers.” With his tweet the Fox News commentator and former talk show host responded to a Twitter post by the economist and columnist Paul Krugman who had asked: “On statues of Robert E. Lee: what would we think if German towns put up statues of Erwin Rommel, also a good general serving a vile cause?” This article looks at the larger debate about the Lost Cause and the history and memory of slavery and the Civil War in a case study focusing on Robert E. Lee, trying to raise some larger questions of memory and forgetting through a comparison with Erwin Rommel. The article analyzes the special places Southern General Robert E. Lee and Feldmarschall Erwin Rommel have occupied in the memories of the American Civil War and World War II, respectively. It will argue that to find something honorable in all the evil of lost wars that were fought for the wrong ends can be regarded as an individual and collective way to deal with pain, guilt, and defeat. Part of this is honoring the soldiers and their sacrifices, focus on famous battles, and celebrate distinguished generals while ignoring and “forgetting” what the real goals of these wars had been. Today, both Rommel and Lee have been pushed off their pedestals, in the case of Lee statues even literally. But the fact that Lee and Rommel have been glorified as honorable, loyal, and patriotic military men also by those who were their opponents/enemies makes this comparison even more interesting, because it cannot be explained by a collective amnesia in order to suppress and forget guilt and crimes. In connection with remembering, the author argues, it is also important to take a closer look at the different functions of “forgetting” that have been described by Aleida Assmann and other scholars, especially at what Assmann calls “complicit” and “constructive” forms of forgetting. Both examples show that these types of forgetting protected perpetrators, helped shape a selective historical narrative, and were also important in new beginnings and reconstruction after a catastrophic defeat
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type IV pilus and resistance to the antimicrobial properties of surfactant protein-A
No full textThe lung contains numerous innate immune cells and effector proteins. One important component of this immune system is the surfactant protein-A (SP-A), which facilitates microbial clearance by opsonization and membrane permeabilization. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a major Gram-negative bacterial pathogen commonly associated with chronic lung infection in cystic fibrosis. In order to resist the antibacterial effects of SP-A, PA expresses various structural and secreted virulence factors. Previously, Wu et al (2003) have shown that Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are important in resisting SP-A-mediated membrane permeabilization. Zhang et al (2005) performed a comparative signature-tagged mutagenesis screen to identify PA virulence factors needed to resist SP-A-mediated lung clearance, and identified PchA (isochorismate synthase) and PtsP (phosphoenolpyruvate protein phosphotransferase) as important for resisting SP-A-mediated membrane permeability. Zhang et al (2007) further showed that PA flagellum is important for resisting SP-A-mediated membrane permeabilization. Finally, Kuang et al (2011) have shown PA elastase degrades SP-A, allowing an avenue for PA to escape SP-A-mediated opsonization and membrane permeabilization.
In this study, we demonstrated that type IV pilus (Tfp) is important in the resistance of lung clearance both in the presence and absence of SP-A. The Tfp-deficient mutant, ΔpilA, is severely attenuated in an acute pneumonia model of infection in the lungs of wild-type mice that it allows similar bacterial load as PAO1 in the lungs of SP-A-/- mice. The ΔpilA bacteria are more susceptible to SP-A-mediated aggregation and opsonization. In addition, the integrity of the outer membranes of ΔpilA bacteria is compromised, rendering them more susceptible to SP-A-mediated membrane permeabilization. By using Tfp extension and retraction mutants, we demonstrate that the increased susceptibility of ΔpilA to SP-A-mediated opsonization is caused by the total absence of Tfp from PA cells. Finally, we provide evidence that increased expression of an 18 kDa nonpilus adhesin OprH in ΔpilA, may explain why there is an increased susceptibility to SP-A-mediated phagocytosis.
In addition, we also have shown that Tfp glycosylation with O-antigen subunits allows for increased resistance to SP-A. We have also shown the glycosyltransferase mutant, 1244G7, which is deficient in O-antigen, is more susceptible to SP-A-mediated lung clearance and phagocytosis, but not membrane permeability. Finally, we have shown that the increase susceptibility of 1244G7 is associated with exposure of putative mannose residues.Item withdrawn by Mark Zulauf ([email protected]) on 2013-09-23T20:00:12Z
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A question of male? Reproduction and exacerbation of adolescent masculinities in the illegal armed groups of the colombian conflict between 1999 - 2009
No full textThis degree work within the framework of the Master's Degree in Gender Studies of the National University of Colombia, aims to analyze the context prior to the linking of adolescents to the national armed conflict, the reproduction and exacerbation of adolescent masculinities during their stay in the illegal armed groups in the Colombian conflict between 1999 and 2009.
In accordance with gender studies and especially with the approach to masculinities, qualitative methodological design and field work were characterized by their flexibility, academic and scientific rigor, and also privilege the narratives of their protagonists in specific contexts.
Its elaboration was directly influenced by the appropriation, construction and circulation of knowledge around the gender approach, its particularities, scope and projections, the 13-year experience in processes of restoration of the rights of children and adolescents disconnected from the armed conflict. in Colombia, along with the implementation of social development projects in almost the entire national territory
Their findings, conclusions and recommendations are intended to contribute to the reflection on the construction of masculinities in contexts affected by the armed conflict, the inclusion of the gender approach in the processes of social insertion of adolescents disconnected from illegal armed groups, in addition to making visible the phenomenon of recruitment as a form of violation of their dignity and annihilation of their vital projects.Este trabajo de grado en el marco de la Maestría en Estudios de Género de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, pretende analizar el contexto previo a la vinculación de los adolescentes al conflicto armado nacional, la reproducción y exacerbación de las masculinidades de los adolescentes durante su permanencia en los grupos armados ilegales en el conflicto colombiano entre 1999 y 2009.
Acorde con los estudios de género y de manera especial con el abordaje de las asculinidades, el diseño metodológico cualitativo y trabajo de campo se caracterizaron por su flexibilidad, rigor académico y científico, además privilegiar las narrativas de sus protagonistas en contextos específicos. Su elaboración estuvo influenciada de manera directa por la apropiación, construcción y circulación de conocimiento entorno al enfoque de género, sus particularidades, alcances y proyecciones, la experiencia de 13 años en procesos de restablecimiento de derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes desvinculados del conflicto armado en Colombia, junto con la implementación de proyectos de desarrollo social en casi todo el territorio nacional .
Sus hallazgos, conclusiones y recomendaciones pretenden aportar a la reflexión sobre la construcción de las masculinidades en contextos afectados por el conflicto armado, la inclusión del enfoque de género en los procesos de inserción social de los adolescentes desvinculados de los grupos armados ilegales, además de visibilizar el fenómeno del reclutamiento como una forma de vulneración de su dignidad y aniquilación sus proyectos vitales.Magíster en Estudios de GéneroMaestrí
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Shooting Rommel: the Desert Fox (1951) and Hollywood’s public-private diplomacy
No full textThe Desert Fox (Henry Hathaway, Twentieth Century-Fox; US, 1951) was one of the first war films to be produced by Hollywood after World War II. The article traces the screenwriting process through the papers of Nunnally Johnson, held at Boston University, and his correspondence with the author of the biography on which the film was based, Desmond Young, but also the studio's head of production, Darryl F. Zanuck, held at USC. The main focus of the piece is the film's reception in the Federal Republic of Germany, and the political concerns of the US State Department which tried to block its release there. This was the most politically controversial film for US diplomats at a time of great sensitivity during West German rearmament, and has left more of a paper trail than any other war film dealing with the Germans of the 1950s. The paper suggests that the film touched raw nerves both among leftwing pacifists and rightwing army sympathisers, as well as generating negative echoes behind the Iron Curtain. The author has also compared the English-language print of Desert Fox with the German-language print of Rommel der Wüstenfuchs to show that important changes were made to the script as a form of post-censorship
Review of the Sanctioning Power in Public Procurement: About the Plenary Court Agreement 1/2015-TCE issued by the State Procurement Court
No full textA partir de la revisión de la potestad sancionadora en materia de contratación pública, elautor analiza el contenido y los alcances del Acuerdo de Sala Plena 1/2015-TCE; a la luz de las implicancias jurídicas y fácticas que se presentarán con la emisión y publicación de este precedente vinculante.Adicionalmente, se prevé las eventuales contradicciones en que la aplicación de este Acuerdo de Sala Plena puede generar en el ordenamiento jurídico administrativo; así como las nefastas consecuencias de su vigencia.On the basis of the revision of the power to impose on government procurement matter, the author analyses the content and scope of Plenary Court agreement 1/2015-TCE; to the light of the juridical and factual that will occur with the emission and issue of this binding precedent.In addition, the author works a prediction of the eventual contradictions on the application of the Plenary Court agreement that may occur in the juridical administrative system and the harmful consequences of the effectiveness of it
Review of the Sanctioning Power in Public Procurement: About the Plenary Court Agreement 1/2015-TCE issued by the State Procurement Court
No full textA partir de la revisión de la potestad sancionadora en materia de contratación pública, elautor analiza el contenido y los alcances del Acuerdo de Sala Plena 1/2015-TCE; a la luz de las implicancias jurídicas y fácticas que se presentarán con la emisión y publicación de este precedente vinculante.Adicionalmente, se prevé las eventuales contradicciones en que la aplicación de este Acuerdo de Sala Plena puede generar en el ordenamiento jurídico administrativo; así como las nefastas consecuencias de su vigencia.On the basis of the revision of the power to impose on government procurement matter, the author analyses the content and scope of Plenary Court agreement 1/2015-TCE; to the light of the juridical and factual that will occur with the emission and issue of this binding precedent.In addition, the author works a prediction of the eventual contradictions on the application of the Plenary Court agreement that may occur in the juridical administrative system and the harmful consequences of the effectiveness of it
O que está implicado na ação? Algumas considerações a propósito da leitura foucaultiana do De ira III, 36
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Gestion administrativo y recursos humanos de las Instituciones Educativa de Ica 2022
No full textLa presente investigación titulada Gestión administrativa y recursos humanos en las
instituciones educativas de Ica, 2022 tiene por objetivo determinar la relación entre las
dos variables de estudio. Es una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional
no experimental de corte transversal, se empleó la técnica de la encuesta y el
cuestionario como instrumento con una muestra de 80 docentes, Para la validación de
los instrumentos se realizó por medio de 3 juicios de expertos y fiabilidad de
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coeficientes de Rho Spearman = 0,793 alta positiva entre la gestión administrativa y
recursos humanos; la correlación de 0,606 media positiva entre la preparación y
recursos humanos; la correlación de 0,734 media positiva entre distribución y recursos
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las Instituciones educativas de Ica 2022 y la correlación de 0,920 alta positiva entre el
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0.05 tal que se aceptó las hipótesis alternas
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