6,104 research outputs found
Das neue chinesische Vertragsrecht im Spiegel des Handbuches von Bing Ling
No full textDas „Vertragsgesetz der Volksrepublik China“ wurde im März 1999 verabschiedet und ist im Oktober 1999 in Kraft getreten. Nach Verabschiedung des Vertragsgesetzes sind in der Volksrepublik China hunderte von Publikationen zu diesem Gesetz erschienen. Außerhalb der Volksrepublik existierten bislang nur vereinzelte Aufsätze, die sich mit diesem Thema beschäftigen. „Contract Law in China“ von Bing Ling ist das erste Werk in einer westlichen Sprache, welches sich umfassend mit dem Vertragsgesetz der Volksrepublik China befasst, wobei sich der Autor allerdings auf die Untersuchung des allgemeinen Teils des Gesetzes beschränkt. Der Aufsatz geht auf alle im Buch von Bing Ling behandelten Themen kritisch ein und zeigt auf, dass das Buch ein unentbehrliches Hilfsmittel zum Einstieg in das chinesische Zivilrecht ist
Wen hua ge ming
No full text東風司令部戰斗兵团绘."一九六七年二月十九日"题名及丛书由编目者拟定.Dong feng si ling bu zhan dou bing tuan hui."Yi jiu liu qi nian er yue shi jiu ri"Ti ming ji cong shu you bian mu zhe ni ding
Pao da si ling bu, hong wei bing zao fan wan sui
No full text春雷红衛兵串連联络站宣."1966.11.8"题名及丛书由编目者拟定.Chun lei hong wei bing chuan lian lian luo zhan xuan.Ti ming ji cong shu you bian mu zhe ni ding
FIGURE 2. Athyrium aberrans Liang Zhang & Li Bing Zhang.—A. Habit.—B. Adaxial lamina.—C in Athyrium aberrans (Athyriaceae), a new species of the lady ferns from southeastern Xizang, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence
No full textFIGURE 2. Athyrium aberrans Liang Zhang & Li Bing Zhang.—A. Habit.—B. Adaxial lamina.—C. Abaxial lamina, an arrow indicates a bulbil on the rachis.—D. Portion of pinnae showing sori and veins.—E. Rhizome with petiole bases.—F. Spore.Published as part of Qiu, Yong-Ling, Zhang, Lin, Zhang, Li-Bing, Zhou, Xin-Mao & Zhang, Liang, 2022, Athyrium aberrans (Athyriaceae), a new species of the lady ferns from southeastern Xizang, China, based on morphological and molecular evidence, pp. 165-172 in Phytotaxa 533 (3) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/604843
Huang di nei jing ling shu
No full textV.1-3. 補注黃帝内經素問 -- v.4. 黃帝内經素問遺篇 -- 黃帝内經靈樞 : 十二卷.V.1-3. Bu zhu huang di nei jing su wen -- v.4. Huang di nei jing su wen yi pian -- Huang di nei jing ling shu : shi er juan.啟玄子注 ; 林億 ...[et al.]校正 ; 孫兆改誤.綫裝.框18x12.7公分, 13行40字,小字雙行同. 白口, 四周單邊,對黑魚尾. 版心中鐫題名, 卷次, 下鐫葉次.書名頁題"黃帝内經後附靈樞, 光緒二十二年圖書集成局印".《中國中醫古籍總目》00006著錄光緒二十三年上海圖書集成印書局鉛印子書二十二種本.附: 黃帝内經素問遺篇 ; 黃帝内經靈樞 : 十卷.鈐"莊兆祥印"朱, 白文各一方.Xian zhuang.Kuang 18 x 12.7 gong fen, 13 hang 40 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, si zhou dan bian, dui hei yu wei. Ban xin zhong juan ti ming, juan ci, xia juan ye ci.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Detailed notes in vernacular field only.Qixuanzi zhu ; Lin Yi ...[et al.] jiao zheng ; Sun Zhao gai wu.Fu: Huang di nei jing su wen yi pian ; Huang di nei jing ling shu : shi juan.Qian "Zhuang Zhaoxiang yin" zhu, bai wen ge yi fang
Os dois aspectos do Coração XIN : Interpretações sobre o livro de medicina chinesa HUANG DI NEI JING SU WEN LING SHU.
No full textTCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, História.O presente trabalho é uma pesquisa sobre o conceito de Coração XĪN 心 em um dos mais antigos e influentes livros de medicina chinesa atualmente, originalmente dividido em HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG SÙ WÈN 黃帝內經素問 e HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG LÍNG SHŪ 黃帝內經靈樞. Evidências sugerem que as bases do SÙ WÈN 素問 e do LÍNG SHŪ 靈 樞 são um conjunto de textos escritos durante o período dos Estados Combatentes (475-221 AEC), passando pela dinastia Qin (221-206 AEC) e pela dinastia Han (206 AEC-221 DEC), embora as versões mais antigas que chegaram até nós remontem a dinastia Song (970-1279) . No capítulo 8 do HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG SÙ WÈN 黃帝內經素問, o Coração XĪN 心 é apresentado como o Mestre e Soberano do corpo humano, aquele que tudo controla e governa, enquanto no capítulo 8 do HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG LÍNG SHŪ 黃帝內經靈樞, o Coração XĪN 心 é o Vazio do Coração XĪN XŪ 心虛, aquele que não deve a nada se apegar ou rejeitar, morada dos Espíritos SHÉN 神 e nossa ligação primordial com o Céu TIĀN 天. Corroborando a percepção desses dois aspectos, apresento textos clássicos não-médicos como LǍOZI 老子, ZHUĀNGZI 莊子, HUÁINÁNZǏ 淮南子e LǙSHÌ CHŪNQIŪ 呂氏春 秋. Por fim, pretendo mostrar como esse duplo aspecto, que a princípio pode parecer contraditório, está baseado na teoria YĪN YÁNG 陰陽, a realidade última como a união dinâmica dos opostos. Permeando todo o trabalho, pretendo analisar a cosmologia em que a Medicina Chinesa está enraizada, completamente diferente, em muitos aspectos, da cosmologia biomédica moderna e, assim, discuto a própria noção que temos atualmente no Ocidente em relação à saúde e à doença, ao ser humano e à natureza.This paper is a research about the concept of Heart XĪN 心 in one of the most ancient and influential Chinese medicine books that currently exist, originally divided in HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG SÙ WÈN 黃帝內經素問 and HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG LÍNG SHŪ 黃帝內經靈樞. Available evidence suggests that at the basis of SÙ WÈN 素問 and LÍNG SHŪ 靈 樞 is a layer of texts written during the end of the Warring States period (475-221), through Qin dynasty and beginning of Western Han dynasty, although the most ancient versions remained until nowadays are from Song dynasty (960-1279). In HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG SÙ WÈN 黃帝內 經素問 chapter 8, the Heart XĪN 心 is presented as Master and Sovereign of human body, who control and govern all things, while in HUÁNG DÌ NÈI JĪNG LÍNG SHŪ 黃帝內經靈樞 chapter 8, the Heart XĪN 心 is Heart‟s Emptiness XĪN XŪ 心虛, who should not cleave or reject anything, residence of Spirits SHÉN 神 and our primordial connection with Heaven TIĀN 天. In addiction about these two aspects, I present non-medical classical texts as LǍOZI 老子, ZHUĀNGZI 莊子, HUÁINÁNZǏ 淮南子, GUǍNZǏ 管子, XÚNZǏ 荀子, LǙSHÌ CHŪNQIŪ 呂氏春秋 e LǏ JÌ 禮記. Lastly, I pretend show how this double aspect, seems like a contradiction for us westerns, is based on YĪN YÁNG 陰陽 theory, the reality as a dynamic union of opposites. Throughout this work, I pretend to analyze the cosmology that Chinese medicine is rooted on, completely diffent, in several aspects, from modern biomedic cosmology, thereby I also discuss some differences notions between ancient Chinese medicine and we westerns about health and disease, human beign and nature
A brief analysis of Bing Xin, Ding Ling and Zhang Ailing's views on women's love in their literary works
No full textBing Xin, Ding Ling and Zhang Ailing are indispensable in the history of modern and contemporary Chinese literature, and they have also opened up a new world in the history of Chinese women's literature. Bing Xin's first short story "Two Families" vividly expresses the necessary factors for Bing Xin for an excellent family in the new era - the necessity of knowledge and the necessity of women to learn knowledge. But in this short story, when Bing Xin shows the current situation of the Kochi family, she incorporates her longing and desire for her future love and family environment. The concept has not yet been fully understood. In Ding Ling's literary creation, through a more in-depth analysis of the female images she created in her literary work "Ms. Sophie's Diary", it can be seen that these women broke through the barriers of feudal tradition and used Her actions interpret what is female liberation, and thus express Ding Ling's "life-oriented" and faith-like view of love. Zhang Ailing's concept of love is more clearly reflected in the more important work of her life - "Love in a Fallen City". 
Yin zhi wen ling yan ji
No full text[潘成雲原序].綫裝, 1函.框19.7x13.2公分, 9行25字, 小字雙行同. 白口, 左右雙邊, 單黑魚尾. 版心上鐫題名, 中鐫小題, 下鐫葉次. 行間有圈點.題名據版心.內封背頁鐫"光緖己亥仲春開雕", 並印有"千歲坊文光齋印板存甯城報德觀"前附《文昌帝君陰騭文》(周振翰錄), 《陰騭文原始》, 《陰騭文靈驗記》 ; 卷末附捐刊姓氏芳名.Xian zhuang, 1 han.Kuang 19.7 x 13.2 gong fen, 9 hang 25 zi, xiao zi shuang hang tong. Bai kou, zuo you shuang bian, dan hei yu wei. Ban xin shang juan ti ming, zhong juan xiao ti, xia juan ye ci. Hang jian you quan dian.Ti ming ju ban xin.Nei feng bei ye juan "Guangxu ji hai zhong chun kai diao", bing yin you "Qian sui fang Wen guang zhai yin ban cun Ning Cheng Bao de guan"Qian fu "Wenchang di jun yin zhi wen" (Zhou Zhenhan lu), "Yin zhi wen yuan shi", "Yin zhi wen ling yan ji" ; juan mo fu juan kan xing shi fang ming.[Pan Chengyun yuan xu]
Polystichum sunhangii Liang Zhang, Yong Ling Qiu & Li Bing Zhang 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Polystichum sunhangii</i> Liang Zhang, Yong Ling Qiu & Li Bing Zhang, <i>sp. nov.</i> (Fig. 2) <p> Type:— CHINA. Xizang: Medog County, Motuo Town, Yarang, elev. ca. 1200 m, 29°14’N / 95°16’E, on slopes in evergreen forests, 26 June 2021, <i>Liang Zhang, Xia Wan, Jianjun Yang & Wanglin Zhao</i> 4582 (holotype KUN-1576004!; isotype PYU!).</p> <p> Diagnosis: <i>Polystichum sunhangii</i> is most similar to <i>P. attenuatum</i> by having bipinnate laminae and bulbils on subapical rachis, but differs from later in the location of bulbils, which are found on the every distal costa.</p> <p> <b>Plants</b> perennial, evergreen, terrestrial. <b>Rhizome</b> short, erect, ca. 10–15 mm in diam., lower part with many glabrous and dark brown roots, upper part densely scaly, scales concolorous or middle part slightly dark; scales dimorphic, large scales ovate or lanceolate, entire, apex acuminate, 5.1–7.2 × 1.1–3 mm, small scales lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 2.3–3.5 × 0.6–1.3 mm. <b>Frond</b> caespitose, 60–100 cm tall; petiole stramineous, 26–35 cm, 1–3 mm in diam. at middle, adaxially canaliculated, base densely scaly, light brown or reddish brown; scales dimorphic, large scales ovate-lanceolate, 2.9–4.1× 1.1–2.1 mm, chartaceous, margins entire, small scales lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 1.8–3.1 × 0.4–1.2 mm. <b>Lamina</b> bipinnate, oblong <b>-</b> lanceolate, 39–66 × 16–23 cm, thickly papery, apex acuminate, slightly contracted towards base; rachises stramineous, 36–63 cm long, ca. 1–3 mm in diam. at middle, adaxially sulcate, covered with lanceolate brown scales, scales dimorphic, similar to petiole scales, large scales spare, with 1 proliferous bulbil near apex. <b>Pinnae</b> 15–22 (–37) pairs, alternate, pinnate to pinnatifid upwards, shortly petiolate, lanceolate, apices acute, mostly attached at right angles to rachis, upper pinnae slightly ascendant, basal 1 or 2 pairs angled basiscopically with rachis, middle pinnae 9–13.5 × 1.8–3.8 cm, the upper basal pinnae longer than rest, the lower basal pinnae slightly shorter than rest; pinnules rhombic-ovate, 6–11 pairs, apices obtuse, acroscopic bases with distinct or indistinct deltoid auricles, basiscopic side slightly curved, margins shallowly toothed, teeth with aculeate tip or spinulose, acroscopic auriculate pinnules sometimes shallowly lobed, adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparsely covered with lanceolate or subulate microscales, microscales light brown or brown, apex acuminate; venation free, lateral veins pinnate, visible abaxially, indistinct adaxially. <b>Sori</b> large, round, terminal on shorter veinlets, in one row on each side of midrib, medial, centers of sori ca. 0.1–0.5 cm from pinnule margins, 2–10 on acroscopic side, 0–6 on basiscopic side; indusia present, round, membranous, entire.</p> <p> <b>Additional specimens examined (paratype)</b>:— CHINA. Xizang: Medog County, Motuo Town, elev. ca. 1920 m, 29°11’N / 95°19’E, open area in forests, 26 June 2021, <i>Liang Zhang, Xia Wan, Jianjun Yang & Wanglin Zhao 4548</i> (KUN!).</p> <p> <b>Geographical distribution</b>:—The species is currently only found in Medog County, Xizang, China, and may be endemic to the region.</p> <p> <b>Ecology</b>:— <i>Polystichum sunhangii</i> was observed to be a terrestrial plant in open areas of evergreen forests, growing at elevations between 1200 and 1920 m.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—In honor of Prof. Hang Sun, who has been working on plant diversity in Medog since 1992.</p> <p> <b>Vernacular name</b>:—IJǟff̎ (sun hang er jue).</p> <p> <b>Notes</b>:—While bulbils on the rachis are not uncommon in <i>Polystichum</i>, they were rarely found on the costae (Fraser-Jenkins <i>et al.</i> 2018). In contrast, all mature pinnae of <i>P. sunhangii</i> have bulbils on distal costae, which has not been documented in any other species of <i>Polystichum</i> so far. Morphologically, <i>P. sunhangii</i> is also similar to <i>P. chunii</i> and <i>P. lentum</i> in the presence of bulbils on the rachis. Our reconstructed phylogeny confirmed the monophyly of <i>P. attenuatum</i>, <i>P. chunii</i>, <i>P. lentum</i> (three samples from Medog were added), although the support was weak (MLBS=56%, BIPP=0.73). The relationships among the three species remain unclear. <i>Polystichum sunhangii</i> is closely related to the three species with distinct divergence.</p>Published as part of <i>Qiu, Yong-Ling, Yang, Jian-Jun, Zhou, Xin-Mao, Ju, Wen-Bin, Zhang, Li-Bing, He, Zhao- Rong & Zhang, Liang, 2023, Three new species of Polystichum (Dryopteridaceae) from Xizang, China based on morphological and molecular evidence, pp. 18-30 in Phytotaxa 618 (1)</i> on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.618.1.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8389725">http://zenodo.org/record/8389725</a>
[[alternative]]The Investigation on the ＂Wu-ling-san Syndrome＂ in 《Shan-han-za-bing-lun》
No full text[[abstract]] 本研究之題目為《傷寒雜病論》中五苓散證之探討，其主要目的在討論《傷寒雜病論》中「五苓散證」的病因病機。 「五苓散」在《傷寒雜病論》中是一個很特殊的方劑，無論是從方名、組成、製服法到其適應證，在整個傷寒體系中都是極為獨特。再者，今日學術界對於「五苓散證」的解析，實有矛盾、不合理之處，對於此一現象，在論中有詳細探討，並期待找出一個最適切的理論來重新詮釋「五苓散證」。論中將對歷代醫家「五苓散證」的解釋作一探討；運用文字訓詁的考證，利用古代相關典籍；並配合其他醫學典籍與《傷寒論》相關的條文，對「五苓散」的組成、製服法作一全面的檢視。最後將各種《傷寒論》版本中「五苓散」相關條文作一整理比較，推敲出較適當的條文。 主流說法「太陽膀胱蓄水」或「膀胱蓄水」之觀點似是而非，無法滿足臨床上運用五苓散之時機。筆者運用上述方法，發現五苓散之病機應該是脾胃停飲，脾胃無法運化水濕，致三焦氣機不利，上則口渴，下則小便不利。提出對五苓散證全新的看法，說明五苓散證不能從太陽經脈、膀胱腑病的角度來加以詮釋，而應是中焦脾胃水氣之運化失調，所產生的病證。以期能更明確了解當初仲景製方之意，及「五苓散證」真正的病因病機，讓臨床上更能準確掌握運用的時機。[[abstract]] This article is to investigate the Wu-ling-san syndrome in 《Shan-han-za-bing-lun》. The main purpose is to discuss the real pathogensis of Wu-ling-san syndrome. Wu-ling-san syndrome is not a dangerous disease, but most people often neglect its real pathogenesis. The major viewpoint “stagnated fluid in bladder” is not totally matching in clinical treatment. The author using Zhongjing articles, ancient Chinese medicine canons, scholiastic classics and other Chinese medicine writtings to find out that the mechanism of Wu-ling-san syndrome is associated with spleen and stomach, where the dampness can’t be dispelled due to the dysfunction of stomach and spleen. It is also due to the inhibition of the qi circulating in sanjiao, so that occurs getting thirst and dysuria. Bring up a whole new explanation of pathogenesis on Wu-ling-san syndrome, and point out that Wu-ling-san syndrome can not be described from Urinary Bladder Meridian of Taiyang but the disorder of the spleen and stomach in middle jiao. Understanding the real mechanism of Wu-ling-san syndrome is stagnated fluid in stomach and spleen that can make us realizing the well application time for clinical treatment precisely
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