38,516 research outputs found
non-destructive growth measurement of selected vegetable seedlings
No full textnon-destructive growth measurement of selected vegetable seedlings using machine vision. ta-te lin. sheng-fu cheng. tzu-hsiu lin. meng-ru tsai. department of agricultural machinery engineering.. national taiwan university
MAPPING AND RECOVERING CLOUD-CONTAMINATED AREA IN MULTISPECTRAL SATELLITE IMAGERY WITH VISIBLE AND NEAR-INFRARED BANDS
No full textGuest Artist Recital - Angel Tzu-Nung Lin
Get PDFOriginally from Taipei, Taiwan Ms. Angel Tzu-Nung Lin began piano at the age of 5 and flute at 11. She earned her B.A from Shih Chien University in Taiwan where she studied with Redieger Steinfatt, Viktorya Kasuto and Emmy Chen, a pupil of Robert Goldsand
Isolation of a Novel Restriction-Modification System in Helicobacter pylori by Transposon Mutagenesis
No full text利用1500株幽門桿菌突變株，篩選其對胃癌上皮細胞株黏著能力，以尋找幽門桿菌之黏著因子，發現6株突變株黏著能力降低，但光學及電子顯微鏡下觀察發現菌體型態明顯延長。定序後發現這6株突變株破壞的基因是相同的，但幽門桿菌26695及J99菌株全基因體中並無該核酸及胺基酸的相似序列。這個開放讀架由1617個鹼基對組成，胺基酸序列和Bacillus halodurans的一個推斷的單股剪切酶有24%的相似性，和二個第IIS型限制內切酶，PleI和MlyI，分別有23%及20%相似度。分析這個純化的未知限制酶，HpyC1I，其辨識及剪切位置為5’-CCATC(4/5)-3’。此基因上游二個開放讀架，M1.HpyC1I和M2.HpyC1I，都含有甲基轉移酶的弁鈰礡A因此這三個基因可能構成一個調控組，且負責限制-修飾弁遄C這段序列和全基因體比較，G+C含量明顯較低，推測可能經由水平基因轉移獲得。測試15株幽門桿菌菌株，有9株菌株具有這個HpyC1I限制-修飾基因。質體DNA轉型和染色體裁切的實驗證明擁有HpyC1I限制-修飾系統可以使DNA受到保護不被HpyC1I剪切。在本研究中我們發現一個新的限制-修飾系統-HpyC1I限制-修飾系統，此系統存在於~60%的幽門桿菌菌株中，且破壞會導致細菌型態延長和HpyC1I限制酶的裁切。To identify adhesion-associated loci, we constructed a mutant library from a clinical isolate of Helicobacter pylori. A total of 1500 mutant strains were screened by cell adhesion assay. We identified six mutants from NTUH-C1 strain that exhibited decreased adherence and cell elongation. Inverse polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing revealed that the same locus was interrupted in these six mutants. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed no homologies with H. pylori 26695 and J99 strains. This novel open reading frame (ORF) contained 1617 base pairs. The amino acid sequence shared 24% identity with a putative nicking enzyme in Bacillus halodurans, and 23% and 20% identity with Type-IIS restriction endonucleases PleI and MlyI, respectively. The purified protein, HpyC1I, showed endonuclease activity with the recognition and cleavage site 5’-CCATC(4/5)-3’. Two ORFs were located upstream of the gene encoding HpyC1I. Together, HpyC1I and these two putative methyltransferases (M1.HpyC1I and M2.HpyC1I) function as a restriction-modification (R-M) system. The HpyC1I R-M genes were found in nine of the fifteen H. pylori strains tested. When compared to the full genome, significantly lower G+C content of HpyC1I R-M genes implied that these genes might have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer. Plasmid DNA transformation efficiencies and chromosomal DNA digestion assays demonstrated protection from HpyC1I digestion by the R-M system. In conclusion, we have identified a novel R-M system present in ~60% of H. pylori strains. Disruption of this R-M system results in cell elongation and susceptibility to HpyC1I digestion.誌謝………………………………………………………………………………….. I
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………….. II
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………….. III
第一章 緒論
(一) 幽門桿菌的感染、傳染途徑及治療………………………………………… 1
(二) 幽門桿菌的基因體…………………………………………………………… 2
(三) 幽門桿菌的致病因子………………………………………………………… 2
第二章 研究目的……………………………………………………………………. 9
第三章 實驗材料及方法
(1) 質體及菌株…………………………………………………………………..... 10
(2) 培養基………………………………………………………………………….. 12
(3) 引子…………………………………………………………………………….. 13
(4) 研究方法
(一) 幽門桿菌突變株基因庫的建構及代表性、重複性之計算
1.1 幽門桿菌染色體DNA的萃取……………………………………………... 14
1.2 染色體DNA之部分剪切及片段回收……………………………………... 15
1.3 幽門桿菌基因庫……………………………………………………………. 15
1.4 在大腸桿菌中對幽門桿菌基因庫進行轉位作用…………………………. 16
1.5 一次96個轉位作用後的大腸桿菌自然轉型到幽門桿菌………………... 17
1.6 幽門桿菌突變株基因庫的代表性和重複性分析…………………………. 17
(二) 突變株之細胞黏著能力篩選……………………………………………..... 17
(三) 細菌基本型態觀察………………………………………………………..... 18
(四) 尋找及分析被破壞的基因………………………………………………..... 19
(五) 基因重新破壞及補回
5.1 重新破壞hpyC1IR基因…………………………………………………… 20
5.2 補回hpyC1IR………………………………………………………………. 21
5.3 hpyC1IM1突變株的建構………………………………………………..... 21
5.4 hpyC1IM2突變株的建構………………………………………………..... 22
(六) 突變株的轉型效率分析…………………………………………………..... 22
(七) 表現及純化HpyC1I蛋白質
7.1 hpyC1IR基因表現載體的剪接……………………………………………. 24
7.2 His標誌HpyC1I蛋白質表現…………………………………………...… 25
7.3 大量純化His標誌HpyC1I蛋白質……………………………………….. 26
(八) HpyC1I辨識及剪切序列…………………………………………………… 26
(九) 幽門桿菌DNA的剪切……………………………………………………… 27
(十) 幽門桿菌菌株HpyC1I 限制-修飾系統的差異…………………………..... 28
(十一) hpyC1IR突變株RNA表現分析
11.1 RNA抽取………………………………………………………………..... 28
11.2 biotin-cDNA探針的合成…………………………………………………. 29
11.3 雜交及呈色………………………………………………………………... 29
11.4 結果分析比較……………………………………………………………... 30
第四章 結果
(一) 幽門桿菌突變株基因庫的建構及代表性、重複性之計算………………… 31
(二) 突變株之細胞黏著能力篩選………………………………………………… 31
(三) 細菌基本型態觀察…………………………………………………………… 31
(四) 尋找及分析被破壞的基因…………………………………………………… 32
(五) 基因重新破壞及補回………………………………………………………… 33
(六) 突變株的轉型效率分析……………………………………………………… 34
(七) 表現及純化HpyC1I蛋白質…………………………………………………. 35
(八) HpyC1I辨識及剪切序列…………………………………………………..... 37
(九) 幽門桿菌DNA的剪切……………………………………………………..... 38
(十) 幽門桿菌菌株HpyC1I 限制-修飾系統的差異…………………………...... 39
(十一) hpyC1IR突變株RNA表現分析…………………………………………. 40
第五章 討論..................................................................................................... 41
第六章 附圖表
圖一：以跳躍因子穿梭突變法建構幽門桿菌突變株基因庫。………………..... 47
圖二：MiniTn3-Km跳躍因子基因結構圖。……………………………………... 48
圖三：反向聚合酶連鎖反應及定序使用之引子位置圖。……………………..... 49
圖四：重新破壞hpyC1IR基因的質體圖和獲得突變株之染色體結構。……… 50
圖五：補回hpyC1IR的質體圖和補回hpyC1IR菌株的染色體結構。…………………………………………………………………………………. 51
圖六：hpyC1IR基因表現載體的剪接圖。………………………………………. 52
圖七: 幽門桿菌NTUH-C1原生株及6株黏著下降的突變株的黏著分析。………………………………………………………………………………..... 53
圖八: 幽門桿菌原生株、突變株六、重新破壞hpyC1IR突變株和補回hpyC1IR菌株光學顯微鏡下觀察之細菌型態。…………………………………. 54
圖九: 幽門桿菌NTUH-C1原生株HpyC1I限制-修飾基因的排列和26695及J99菌株相對的區域。…………………………………………………………….. 55
圖十： 幽門桿菌NTUH-C1原生株、突變株六、hpyC1IR突變株及hpyC1IR補回菌株的黏著分析。…………………………………………………………..... 56
圖十一： HpyC1I蛋白質表現及純化和酵素弁鄐尷R。……………………...... 57
圖十二: HpyC1I和BccI裁切DNA的結果。……………………………………. 58
圖十三： 幽門桿菌DNA以HpyC1I剪切。……………………………………... 59
圖十四: 幽門桿菌菌株間HpyC1I限制-修飾系統的分布。……………………... 60
表一: 幽門桿菌hpyC1IM1, hpyC1IM2 和hpyC1IR突變株DNA轉型效率。... 61
表二: 藉由轉殖及定序HpyC1I裁切lamda DNA片段以分析HpyC1I辨識及剪切序列和位置 (T4 DNA聚合酶)。…………………………………………….. 62
表三: 藉由轉殖及定序HpyC1I裁切lamda DNA片段以分析HpyC1I辨識及剪切序列和位置 (Klenow聚合酶)。…………………………………………….. 63
表四: 幽門桿菌原生株和hpyC1IR突變株RNA表現量差異比較。…………… 64
第七章 參考文獻……………………………………………………………………. 6
iif characteristics of oyster embryos and eggs determined by a
No full textiif characteristics of oyster embryos & eggs determined by a feedback controlled directional cryomicroscope. ta-te lin. ken lung. department of agricultural machinery engineering.. national taiwan university.. taipei. taiwan. ro
On Concept of "Shue" (Emptiness) in Lieh-Tzu
No full textThis paper divided into four parts: (i)preface; (ii)the conception of "shue" in Lieh-Tzu; (iii)The conception in Toaistic school in the Pre-Chin; (iv) conclusion. The author deals with this concept based upon the recent studies-the book of Lieh-Tzu is not an apocrypha. Lieh-Tzu conceived that the saint is the highest stage of human life. The issue is how do one achieve it. His answer is "shue." It has two denotations-"kung-fu" (drill) and the mental stage. "Shue" is not only in the realm of language and conceptual, but also in that of practice. The method of practice is by intellectual reflection and meditation from the concentration of consciousness to that of spirit. Finally, it can unify his spirit with nothing. Nothing is "tao" from the Taoistic point of view. Lieh-Tzu followed the method of the ancient Taoism in practice. But author contends that the method is derived from Lao-Tzu's "shue" of imitating "heaven" which is different from Kuan-Yin-Tzu's in-terpretation of it, that is, "chin" (stillness) of imitating "earth." From historical viewpoint, Lieh-Tzu dealed with the notion of "shue" in order to provide an answer to the meaninglessness of life of the people and disturbance of the society in the warring states period. The author believes that it is the right prescription for it
[[alternative]]Literature Development in Tzu Tung and Lin Nei Areas
No full text[[abstract]] 儘管雲林縣是農業縣，居民的生計以農為主，但它在台灣文學發展舞台上不曾缺席。日治時期，詩社是傳承古典漢學的主要機構，全盛時期全台有將近二百八十個詩社，雲林縣佔了十二個，分佈在境內二十個鄉鎮市中。現在研究日治時期的古典文學，主要仍以詩社為主，有設置詩社者，自然有詩人詩作供蒐尋，可是像莿桐和林內未設置詩社者，文風較不利，要蒐集研究這裡的古典文學較困難。筆者花了一年多的時間，出入二地七八次，完成本篇論文報告，對莿桐與林內地區的文學發展作了粗略的描述。 本篇論文共分五章，第一章緒論，說明研究的動機與目的、研究方法與文獻探討、研究範圍與遭遇困難。 第二章為莿桐與林內地區地理、歷史與文教概況，本章希望對二地的文學背景做一番介紹與探討，從橫面來說，範圍涵蓋地理、歷史與文教的論述，從縱面來說，時間則上自明清時代，歷經日治時期到戰後時期。 第三章為莿桐與林內地區古典文學的發展，以時間將古典文學的發展分割為明清時期、日治時期與戰後時期，針對不同的時期、不同的地區做描述。文中屬於莿桐鄉的詩人有陳元亨、周新附、林等、林圓、江藻如、廖發、謝秀才、林萬舉、林木全、黃茂己與傅榮生；屬於林內鄉的詩人有林正立與許紹明等人。 第四章為莿桐與林內地區現代文學的發展，二地的作家，作品都出現在戰後，莿桐鄉的作家有許細妹、林保寶、李蜀瀛、林秀桂、嚴保江等人，林內鄉的作家則有林正立、許紹明、張龍樹、黃育珍等人。 第五章為結論，論述莿桐與林內地區古典與現代文學發展的特色，並提出建議。在古典文學的特色方面有：與鄰近地區互動密切、靠私塾傳授古典文學、詩學名家貢獻詩壇、自組詩會展現生命力。現代文學的特色有：作家多非居住在本地、作品種類多樣等。[[abstract]] Although Yunlin County is an agriculture county where residents’ livelihood is based on agriculture, it is not absent from the stage of the development of Taiwanese literature. During the Japanese Occupation Period, poetry society was the major institution that inherited classical Han Learning. In its most flourishing times, there were two hundred and eighty poetry societies throughout Taiwan. Yunlin County had its share of twelve poetry societies that disperse in twenty villages, towns and cities within county border. The study of classical literature in Japanese Occupation Era is based on poetry society. For those that had establishment of poetry society, researchers may search for and collect the poetry written by poets; yet, for those without poetry society like Tzu Tung and Lin Nei, they had disadvantages in studying literature. It is comparably difficult to collect classical literature in this region where took the author seven to eight trips in more than one year in and out of these two locations in order to finish this thesis. This paper intends to have a brief description of literature development in Tzu Tung and Lin Nei areas. This paper is organized into five chapters. Chapter 1 is the introduction which explains research motive and objectives, research method and literature reviews, scope of research and research limitation. Chapter 2 depicts the geography, history and general situation of culture and education in Tzu Tung and Lin Nei areas. This chapter intends to introduce and explore the literature background in these two areas. From a horizontal perspective, the scope of research covers the discussion of geography, history, culture and education; from a longitude perspective, the study covers the time since from Ming and Qin Dynasties to the era of Japanese Occupation and Post-war. Chapter 3 discusses the development of classical literature in Tzu Tung and Lin Nei areas. The development of classical literature is divided into the era of Ming and Qin Dynasties, Japanese Occupation, and Post-war. The poets from Tzu Tung Village were Chen Yuan-heng, Chou Hsin-fu, Lin Teng, Lin Yuan, Chiang Tsao-ju, Liao Fa, Hsieh Hsiu-tsai, Lin Wan-chu, Lin Mu-chuan, Huang Mao-chi, and Fu Jung-sheng. The poets from Lin Nei Village were Lin Cheng-li, and Hsu Shao-ming. Chapter 4 introduces the development of modern literature in Tzu Tung and Lin Nei areas. This type of poetry by poets in two areas appeared after the war. The poets in Tzu Tung Village were Hsu Hsi-mei, Lin Pao-pao, Li Shu-ying, Lin Hsiu-kuei, and Yen Pao-chiang. Poets in Lin Nei Village were Lin Cheng-li, Hsu Shao-ming, Chang Lung-shu, and Huang Yu-chen. Chapter 5 is the conclusion that discusses the characteristics of classical and modern literature development in Tzu Tung and Lin Nei areas and proposes suggestions. The characteristics in classical literature include: close connection with neighboring areas; private school to teach classical literature; famous poets’ contribution to poetry circles; poetry society self-organized to demonstrate energy. The characteristics in modern literature include: poets mostly did not reside in local area; poetry work in great varieties
Pregnancy Complicated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Intrauterine Fetal Death:Case Report
No full textComparative Poisson trials for comparing multiple new treatments to the control
No full textComparative Poisson Trials often test interventions to prevent rare adverse binomial outcomes. We extend Gail’s “Design A” approach to continues the trial until a predetermined total number of disease cases, D, occur into comparing K>1, treatments to one control. Controlling overall type I error and a post-hoc procedures to identify which treatments are better are addressed. With the Poisson as the underlying distribution, conditioning on D disease cases total, the number in each group is multinomial distributed with parameters that depend on the incidence ratios of treatment to the control arms. Rejection regions based on the 1) numbers of cases that occur in control and/or 2) minimum number of cases among treatment groups are considered to test the global null hypothesis that no treatment is superior to the control. A tool known as the stochastic matrix simplifies size and power computations. Decision rules which are robust to some treatments being inferior to the control are discussed. There is no uniformly most powerful test against all alternatives, but rejection regions should have the Lower Left Quadrant Rule property. The discreteness of multinomial complicates derivation of theoretical results. Still, some identities are proven for comparing K=2 treatments to the control that we believe will extend to K ≥ 3. For K=2, the post-hoc procedure that applies standard binomial tests to each individual treatment vs. control hypothesis when the global hypothesis is rejected is superior to the Bonferroni adjustment; reducing by 7 % to 18 % the follow up disease cases required for the range of settings we studied. We considered unbalanced allocation of follow up time to treatment and control groups. While discreteness of the multinomial distribution prevents analytic solution, a systematic point by point search that computes powers for a range of treatment / control allocation ratios with small increments is applied to find the optimum allocation ratio. In most cases the optimum allocation ratios do not perform substantially better than equal allocation in terms of minimization of the D or expected subject time needed to obtain D for given Type-1 error or power.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Tzu-Lin Hs
The Study on Kuan-yin Tzu-lin Chi
No full textAbstract
This paper aims to analyze Kuan-yin Tzu-lin Chi (Compassionate Grove of Kuan-yin) compiled by Hung-tsan in Ching Dynasty. One part of Kuan-yin Tzu-lin Chi includes eleven pieces of classics related to Kuan-yin, and the other part contains kan-ying (stimulus and response) tales, composed of two subsections. The latter part of Kuan-yin Tzu-lin Chi involves 154 kan-ying tales about Kuan-yin (including nine tales from India), which were collected from Ch`in Ch\ue2\ub2in to Ching Dynasty and recorded on 26 pieces of Chinese literature. In these tales, people chanted the name of Kuan-yin or recited The Heart Sutra, Kuan-yin Ching (Chapter of Universal Gateway), or The Great Compassionate Dharani to meet their practical needs in life.
This paper includes six chapters, and the method adopted is literature analysis. First of all, the derivation of the worship in Kuan-yin and the popularity of such belief among the Asian world are discussed. Subsequently, accounts are given that from possessing the conferral by the Buddha of the prediction of the attainment of Buddhahood in the future, Kuan-yin has been kind and compassionate to the end of all time. In addition, Kuan-yin has vowed to benefit the sentient beings, be profoundly compassionate, and build the relationship in the secular world. In order to save all sentient beings and manifest physically, Kuan-yin can give practical benefits to them, including invoking the name, satisfying two kinds of seeking, deleting three basic evil afflictions, solving eight difficulties, and creating fourteen fearlessness. To prove Kuan-yin\ue2s benevolent power, the kan-ying tales from Kuan-yin Tzu-lin Chi, Kuan-yin Chi-yen Chi, and other literature are cited. Apart from that, with the progress of the Buddha\ue2s teaching, and the extension of kan-ying tales about Kuan-yin, research on Kuna-yin\ue2s impact on literature and Buddhism is conducted to verify the Universal Gateway belief in \ue2Great kindness is to build absolute trust for all the sentient beings, and great compassion is to save them.\ue
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