4,768 research outputs found
O projecto político de Zimbri-Lim, 1775-1762 a.C.
No full textTese de mestrado, História Antiga, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2010Zimri-Lim chegou ao trono de Mari em 1775 a.C., após o desmembramento do reino da Alta Mesopotâmia. As circunstâncias que envolveram a sua entronização explicam o facto do soberano poder contar deste cedo com a aliança de alguns dos monarcas mais poderosos do mundo siro-mesopotâmico. Nos anos seguintes, Zimri-Lim dedicar-se-ia à construção de uma estrutura político-diplomática coesa e, tanto quanto possível, estável. O alargamento desta rede de aliados teria sido concretizado mediante a conciliação de poderes tão díspares quanto inimigos (como o Yamhad, E nunna, o Ekallatum e a Babilónia). O principal objectivo do rei de Mari era a sobrevivência do reino enquanto entidade politicamente independente. Contudo, tomando esta estrutura político diplomática como o seu motor de expansão, Zimri-Lim tentaria subir ao patamar mais alto da estrita e complexa hierarquia que caracterizava as relações diplomáticas no séc. XVIII a.C. Assim sendo, firmando a sua suserania à região do delta do Habur e considerando a sua proximidade diplomática à zona do Sindjar, Zimri-Lim conseguiria afirmar-se como um dos principais soberanos de então. Contudo, este período de crescimento começaria lentamente a reverter-se a partir do último terço do reinado. O cenário até então bastante favorável terminaria abruptamente com a tomada da cidade pelas forças do seu homólogo e ex-aliado, Hammu-rabi, em 1762 a.C. Para esta ruína muito terá contribuído o desgaste causado pelas sucessivas guerras travadas ao longo do reinado, assim como o complexo dimorfismo que caracterizava o reino. No entanto, ela dever-se-á acima de tudo à insustentabilidade da política diplomática imposta pelo soberano.Zimri-Lim ascended to the throne of Mari in 1775 B.C., after the downfall of the kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia. The circumstances in which he became king explain the fact that, since the beginning of his reign, he could count amongst his allies some of the most powerful sovereigns of that time. Following his enthronement, Zimri-Lim tried to expand his political power by extending the realm of his diplomatic contacts and consolidating his suzerainty in the Habur region. In order to survive in the international political scene, the king of Mari would have to be recognized by his fellow allies. Therefore, basing his power on the politico - diplomatic structure he established, he would gain the respect he aimed for, making possible the acceptance of Mari as one of the most important kingdoms of the Syro- Mesopotamian world. Despite this ascension, Mari began suffering its first political setbacks on the third half of Zimri-Lim's reign. Mari's defeat would ultimately happen in 1762 B.C. when the troops of Hammu-rabi, his former ally, abruptly took over the town. Contributing to its ruin were the successive and exhausting wars Mari had to endure over the years of Zimri-Lim's reign and the complex dimorphism that characterized its social component. Notwithstanding, the fall of Mari also has to be analyzed as the outcome of the increasing unsustainability of the diplomatic politics imposed by Zimri-Lim
O projecto político de Zimbri-Lim, 1775-1762 a.C.
No full textTese de mestrado, História Antiga, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2010Zimri-Lim chegou ao trono de Mari em 1775 a.C., após o desmembramento do reino da Alta Mesopotâmia. As circunstâncias que envolveram a sua entronização explicam o facto do soberano poder contar deste cedo com a aliança de alguns dos monarcas mais poderosos do mundo siro-mesopotâmico. Nos anos seguintes, Zimri-Lim dedicar-se-ia à construção de uma estrutura político-diplomática coesa e, tanto quanto possível, estável. O alargamento desta rede de aliados teria sido concretizado mediante a conciliação de poderes tão díspares quanto inimigos (como o Yamhad, E nunna, o Ekallatum e a Babilónia). O principal objectivo do rei de Mari era a sobrevivência do reino enquanto entidade politicamente independente. Contudo, tomando esta estrutura político diplomática como o seu motor de expansão, Zimri-Lim tentaria subir ao patamar mais alto da estrita e complexa hierarquia que caracterizava as relações diplomáticas no séc. XVIII a.C. Assim sendo, firmando a sua suserania à região do delta do Habur e considerando a sua proximidade diplomática à zona do Sindjar, Zimri-Lim conseguiria afirmar-se como um dos principais soberanos de então. Contudo, este período de crescimento começaria lentamente a reverter-se a partir do último terço do reinado. O cenário até então bastante favorável terminaria abruptamente com a tomada da cidade pelas forças do seu homólogo e ex-aliado, Hammu-rabi, em 1762 a.C. Para esta ruína muito terá contribuído o desgaste causado pelas sucessivas guerras travadas ao longo do reinado, assim como o complexo dimorfismo que caracterizava o reino. No entanto, ela dever-se-á acima de tudo à insustentabilidade da política diplomática imposta pelo soberano.Zimri-Lim ascended to the throne of Mari in 1775 B.C., after the downfall of the kingdom of Upper Mesopotamia. The circumstances in which he became king explain the fact that, since the beginning of his reign, he could count amongst his allies some of the most powerful sovereigns of that time. Following his enthronement, Zimri-Lim tried to expand his political power by extending the realm of his diplomatic contacts and consolidating his suzerainty in the Habur region. In order to survive in the international political scene, the king of Mari would have to be recognized by his fellow allies. Therefore, basing his power on the politico - diplomatic structure he established, he would gain the respect he aimed for, making possible the acceptance of Mari as one of the most important kingdoms of the Syro- Mesopotamian world. Despite this ascension, Mari began suffering its first political setbacks on the third half of Zimri-Lim's reign. Mari's defeat would ultimately happen in 1762 B.C. when the troops of Hammu-rabi, his former ally, abruptly took over the town. Contributing to its ruin were the successive and exhausting wars Mari had to endure over the years of Zimri-Lim's reign and the complex dimorphism that characterized its social component. Notwithstanding, the fall of Mari also has to be analyzed as the outcome of the increasing unsustainability of the diplomatic politics imposed by Zimri-Lim
A direct A.C. to A.C. regenerative frequency and voltage converter
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.The reliable variable speed operation of an a. c. machine over a wide speed range is a problem that has received attention for some time. In this thesis a system to permit such operation from a fixed frequency fixed voltage supply is proposed, under the name of the asynchronous modulation converter. This converter is of the cycloconverter family, but is force-commutated and is not synchronised with the supply frequency. The power switching element comprises a power transistor in a diode bridge, coupled to the control circuitry by opto-isolators. The output of the a-mod converter is produced by a "chopper" modulation process and this results in the harmonics present being at frequencies well removed from the fundamental. A feedback system to ensure smooth commutation of the output current from the power switches is described. This feedback system operates by sensing the rate of rise of the inductive voltage surge on the load when a switch is opened to operate a freewheel path switch
La frontera noroccidental del reino de Mari a comienzos del II milenio a.C. a la luz de los textos y la arqueología. Reflexiones sobre la localización de Dur-Yahdun-Lim
No full textThe study of textual and archaeological documentation has served to raise a series of reflections on the location in the Middle Syrian Euphrates of Dur-Yahdun-Lim, the fortress that controlled the northwestern border of the kingdom of Mari at the beginning of the IInd millennium B.C.El estudio de la documentación textual y arqueológica ha servido para plantear una serie de reflexiones sobre la localización en el Medio Éufrates sirio de Dur-Yahdun-Lim, la fortaleza que controlaba la frontera noroccidental del reino de Mari a comienzos del II milenio a.C
Concerted upregulation of CLP36 and smooth muscle actin protein expression in human endometrium during decidualization
No full textThe human endometrium prepares for implantation of the blastocyst by reorganization of its whole cellular network. Endometrial stroma cells change their phenotype starting around the 23rd day of the menstrual cycle. These predecidual stroma cells first appear next to spiral arteries, and after implantation these cells further differentiate into decidual stroma cells. The phenotypical changes in these cells during decidualization are characterized by distinct changes in the actin filaments and filament-related proteins such as α-actinin. The carboxyterminal LIM domain protein with a molecular weight of 36 kDa (CLP36) is a cytoskeletal component that has been shown to associate with contractile actin filaments and to bind to α-actinin supporting a role for CLP36 in cytoskeletal reorganization and signal transduction by binding to signaling proteins. The expression patterns of CLP36, α-actinin and actin were studied in endometrial stroma cells from different stages of the menstrual cycle and in decidual stroma cells from the 6th week of gestation until the end of pregnancy. During the menstrual cycle, CLP36 is only expressed in the luminal and glandular epithelium but not in endometrial stroma cells. During decidualization and throughout pregnancy, a parallel upregulation of CLP36 and smooth muscle actin, an early marker of decidualization in the baboon, was observed in endometrial decidual cells. Since both proteins maintain a high expression level throughout pregnancy, a role of both proteins is suggested in the stabilization of the cytoskeleton of these cells that come into close contact with invading trophoblast cells. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel
Data Fabrication and Data Falsification in the paper entitled "Regulation of DARPP-32 dephosphorylation at PKA and Cdk5-sites by NMDA and AMPA receptors", authored by Nishi, A., Bibb, J.A., Matsuyama, S., Hamada, M., Higushi, H., Nairn, A.C. and Greengard. P., and published in the Journal of Neurochemistry. [J. Neurochem. (2002) Vol. 5, pp832-841].
No full textThe paper entitled "Regulation of DARPP-32 dephosphorylation at PKA and Cdk5-sites by NMDA and AMPA receptors", authored by Nishi, A., Bibb, J.A., Matsuyama, S., Hamada, M., Higushi, H., Nairn, A.C. and Greengard. P., and published in the Journal of Neurochemistry. [J. Neurochem. (2002) Vol. 5, pp832-841] describes the study the effects of ionotropic glutamate NMDA and AMPA receptors on DARPP-32 phosphorylation in neostriatal slices and purported to show that activation of NMDA and AMPA receptors caused the decrease of phosphorylations of threonine 34 and threonine 75 DARPP-32 mediated by Ca2+-dependent activation of calcineurin and protein phosphatase-2A respectively. However, no supporting scientific results were provided. Figures 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D are duplicates of each other. With exactly the same figures depicting exactly the same immunublots, the authors somehow came up with different bar charts that supposedly quantify the extent of DARPP-32 phosphorylation levels under different conditions. Figures 3A and 3C are also duplicates of each other. It is not clear how the reviewer(s) and the Editor of the Journal of Neurochemistry could have missed the glaring evidence of Data Fabrication and Data Falsification
Progesterone for the prevention of preterm birth
No full textIn 2003 ontstond na de publicatie van positieve onderzoeksresultaten een hernieuwde internationale interesse voor progesteronbehandeling om vroeggeboorte te voorkomen. De studies die sindsdien bij verschillende risicogroepen zijn uitgevoerd, laten wisselende resultaten zien. Progesteron voorkomt mogelijk vroeggeboortes bij vrouwen met een tijdens de zwangerschap verkorte baarmoedermond, maar heeft geen effect bij meerlingzwangerschappen. Dit laatste toonde Arianne Lim aan in een grote Nederlandse studie. De gunstige resultaten die in de eerste twee trials gezien werden bij vrouwen met een eerdere vroeggeboorte, konden in latere studies niet worden bevestigd. De effectiviteit van progesteron om vroeggeboorte te voorkomen, staat daarom ter discussie en moet verder worden onderzocht
Zane Grey with Orange A.C. baseball team
No full textThis photograph shows Ohio native Zane Grey with the Orange A.C. Baseball Team, ca. 1896-1904. Prior to becoming a well-known author of western novels, Zane Grey was also a dentist and a semi-professional baseball player, with teams including the Orange Athletic Club and the Newark (New Jersey) Colts
Experimental research on spatial distribution of overtopping
No full textThe overtopping empirical formulas calculate the discharge only at the top of the crest of a coastal protection structure. On the other hand, the tolerable overtopping discharges are defined at certain points behind the crest where the total overtopping is reduced. The scope of this thesis is to find an empirical formula to describe the distribution of overtopping at the space behind the crest. This thesis comes as a further investigation on the work conducted by v.Kester [2009] for regular waves. In this research, a physical model was developed on which irregular waves are tested. Because of the duration of the tests and the amount of collected water (significant lose of water during the test), a completely new measuring system was designed. Five influencing parameters (variables) are considered on this research: wave height, wave period/steepness, slope angle, crest freeboard and crest permeability. The entire overtopping process is analysed separately for the total overtopping discharge, the overtopping discharge directly behind the crest and the distribution of overtopping behind the structure. In the analysis of the data collected from the measurements, the impact of the varying parameters is investigated leading to useful conclusions and better understanding of the entire process. Additionally, the experimental findings are analysed and compared to the relative existing methods. Based on the TAW [2002] method which is proposed by the EurOtop Manual [2007], a prediction formula is developed. This formula is a generic version of TAW [2002] formula in which a new reduction factor ?c is introduced in order to describe the decay of the overtopping and thus predict the discharge at any certain distance behind the crest. Other relevant methods are also analysed (Juul Jensen [1984], Steenaard [2002], Besley [1999] and v.Kester [2009]) and conclusions for their applicability are drawn leading to suggested improvements or corrections. Apart from the distribution of overtopping, on this thesis the determination of crest freeboard (which is an ambiguous issue) is also investigated. Finally, suggestions of further research on this topic are discussed. The entire work has been perfomed in close cooperation with van Oord.Hydraulic EngineeringCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Flow over partially liquid filled cavity
No full textExperiments have been carried out to investigate the effect of liquid cavity filling on the behavior of the gas flow over a flat plate cavity. PIV measurements in the gas phase reveal that cavity filling can affect vortex shedding in the cavity mouth. Shear layer vortices can break-up into smaller vortices, thereby losing their periodic interaction with the aft wall and, hence, their sound producing potential. Expected is that this is one of the mechanisms causing sound mitigation in corrugated pipes with liquid addition, observed in literature
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