1,720,989 research outputs found
Progress in the radiologic diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
No full textPurpose of reviewTo discuss the most recent applications of radiological imaging, from conventional to quantitative, in the setting of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) diagnosis.Recent findingsIn this article, current concepts on radiological diagnosis of IPF, from high-resolution computed tomography (CT) to other imaging modalities, are reviewed. In a separate section, advances in quantitative CT and development of novel imaging biomarkers, as well as current limitations and future research trends, are described.SummaryRadiological imaging in IPF, particularly quantitative CT, is an evolving field which holds promise in the future to allow for an increasingly accurate disease assessment and prognostication of IPF patients. However, further standardization and validation studies of alternative imaging applications and quantitative biomarkers are needed
Concurrent pulmonary embolism in female monozygotic twins affected by Dercum's disease
No full textWe describe a pair of female monozygotic twins with Dercum's disease (DD) who presented simultaneously with unprovoked pulmonary emboli. Several genetic determinants have been associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE) but the overall influence of genetic factors is unknown. As yet there is no published evidence to support an increase in the risk of VTE in female monozygotic twins. DD is a rare condition characterized by multiple, painful lipomas. The underlying pathology of it is poorly understood. To date, there has been no recorded association with an increased risk of VTE but there have been reports of stroke-like events. It is unclear if these are caused by the condition itself or are co-incidental. We acknowledge the possibility of a coincidence but the two cases raise the question of an association between VTE and DD. This report should encourage further studies into the risk of VTE in female monozygotic twins and DD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Esophageal stent migration: A report of two cases
No full textSelf-Expandable Metallic Stents (SEMSs) are widely used to treat esophageal strictures, both benign and malignant in origin. Esophageal stenting, performed by using different types of SEMS (fully covered, partially covered or uncovered), has a high technical success rate, but carries the risk of several complications occurrence, including migration that is considered one of the major. We report two cases of fully coated (FC) SEMS displacement and discuss migration predisposing factors, aiming to highlight the differences in safety of partially coated (PC) versus FC-SEMSs in malignant stenosis
Esophageal stent migration: A report of two cases
No full textSelf-Expandable Metallic Stents (SEMSs) are widely used to treat esophageal strictures, both benign and malignant in origin. Esophageal stenting, performed by using different types of SEMS (fully covered, partially covered or uncovered), has a high technical success rate, but carries the risk of several complications occurrence, including migration that is considered one of the major. We report two cases of fully coated (FC) SEMS displacement and discuss migration predisposing factors, aiming to highlight the differences in safety of partially coated (PC) versus FC-SEMSs in malignant stenosis
Long-term outcomes of lung cancer screening in males and females
No full textBackground: This study explored female and male overall mortality and lung cancer (LC) survival in two LC screening (LCS) populations, focusing on the predictive value of coronary artery calcification (CAC) at baseline low-dose computed tomography (LDCT).Methods: This retrospective study analysed data of 6495 heavy smokers enrolled in the MILD and BioMILD LCS trials between 2005 and 2016. The primary objective of the study was to assess sex differences in all-cause mortality and LC survival. CAC scores were automatically calculated on LDCT images by a validated artificial intelligence (AI) software. Sex differences in 12-year cause-specific mortality rates were stratified by age, pack -years and CAC score.Results: The study included 2368 females and 4127 males. The 12-year all-cause mortality rates were 4.1 % in females and 7.7 % in males (p < 0.0001), and median CAC score was 8.7 vs. 41 respectively (p < 0.0001). All -cause mortality increased with rising CAC scores (log-rank test, p < 0.0001) for both sexes. Although LC inci-dence was not different between the two sexes, females had lower rates of 12-year LC mortality (1.0 % vs. 1.9 %, p = 0.0052), and better LC survival from diagnosis (72.3 % vs. 51.7 %; p = 0.0005), with a similar proportion of stage I (58.1 % vs. 51.2 %, p = 0.2782).Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that female LCS participants had lower rates of all-cause mortality at 12 years and better LC survival than their male counterparts, with similar LC incidence rates and stage at diagnosis. The lower CAC burden observed in women at all ages might contribute to explain their lower rates of all-cause mortality and better LC survival
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