1,721,015 research outputs found
Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 : a cross-sectional analysis— implications for public health communications in Australia
No full textTo examine SARS-CoV-2 vaccine confidence, attitudes and intentions in Australian adults as part of the iCARE Study. Design and setting Cross-sectional online survey conducted when free COVID-19 vaccinations first became available in Australia in February 2021. Participants Total of 1166 Australians from general population aged 18–90 years (mean 52, SD of 19).Fil: Enticott, Joanne C. Monash University; Australia.Fil: Gill, Jaskirath Singh. Monash University; Australia.Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Bacon, Simón L. Concordia University; Canada.Fil: Bacon, Simón L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Université du Québec à Montréal; Canada.Fil: Epstein, Daniel S. Monash University; Australia.Fil: Dawadi, Shrinkhala. Monash University; Australia.Fil: Teede, Helena J. Monash University; Australia.Fil: Boyle, Jacqueline. Monash University; Australia
Impact of biological sex and genderrelated factors on public engagement in protective health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic : cross-sectional analyses from a global survey
No full textGiven the main objective of this study was to examine whether sex and gender-related factors were associated with the public’s adherence to COVID-19-recommended protective health behaviours. Design This was a retrospective analysis of the survey that captured data on people’s awareness, attitudes and behaviours as they relate to the COVID-19 policies. Setting Data from the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation survey collected between March 2020 and February 2021 from 175 countries. Participants Convenience sample around the world.Fil: Dev, Rubee. University of Alberta; Canada.Fil: Raparelli, Valeria. University of Alberta; Canada.Fil: Raparelli, Valeria. University of Ferrara; Italy.Fil: Bacon, Simon L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Bacon, Simon L. Concordia University; Canada.Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Université du Québec à Montréal; Canada.Fil: Pilote, Louise. McGill University; Canada.Fil: Norris, Colleen M. University of Alberta; Canada.Fil: Losada, Analía Verónica. Universidad de Flores; Argentina
Understanding national trends in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Canada : results from five sequential crosssectional representative surveys spanning April 2020–March 2021
No full textTo examine rates of vaccine hesitancy and their correlates among Canadian adults between April 2020 and March 2021.
Design Five sequential cross-sectional age, sex and province-weighted population-based samples who completed online surveys. Setting Canada.
Participants A total of 15 019 Canadians aged 18 years and over were recruited through a recognised polling firm (Leger Opinion). Respondents were 51.5% female with a mean age of 48.1 (SD 17.2) years (range 18–95 years) and predominantly white (80.8%).Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Lavoie, Kim L. Université du Québec à Montréal; Canada.Fil: Gosselin Boucher, Vincent. University of British Columbia; Canada.Fil: Stojanovic, Jovana. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Stojanovic, Jovana. Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; Canada.Fil: Gupta, Samir. St Michael's Hospital; Canada.Fil: Gupta, Samir. Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute; Canada.Fil: Gagné, Myriam. St Michael's Hospital; Canada.Fil: Joyal Desmarais, Keven. Concordia University; Canada.Fil: Joyal Desmarais, Keven. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Séguin, Katherine. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Séguin, Katherine. Université du Québec à Montréal; Canada.Fil: Sheinfeld Gorin, Sherri. University of Michigan; USA.Fil: Ribeiro, Paula. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Ribeiro, Paula. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Voisard, Brigitte. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada.Fil: Voisard, Brigitte. Université du Québec à Montréal; Canada.Fil: Vallis, Michael. Dalhousie University; Canada.Fil: Corace, Kimberly. University of Ottawa; Canada.Fil: Corace, Kimberly. University of Ottawa; Canada.Fil: Presseau, Justin. Hospital Research Institute; Canada.Fil: Presseau, Justin. University of Ottawa; Canada.Fil: Bacon, Simón L. Concordia University; Canada.Fil: Bacon, Simón L. Montreal Behavioural Medicine Centre; Canada
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Impact of biological sex and gender-related factors on public engagement in protective health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional analyses from a global survey
Full text linkOBJECTIVE: Given the role of sociocultural gender in shaping human behaviours, the main objective of this study was to examine whether sex and gender-related factors were associated with the public’s adherence to COVID-19-recommended protective health behaviours. DESIGN: This was a retrospective analysis of the survey that captured data on people’s awareness, attitudes and behaviours as they relate to the COVID-19 policies. SETTING: Data from the International COVID-19 Awareness and Responses Evaluation survey collected between March 2020 and February 2021 from 175 countries. PARTICIPANTS: Convenience sample around the world. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We examined the role of sex and gender-related factors in relation to non-adherence of protective health behaviours including: (1) hand washing; (2) mask wearing; and (3) physical distancing. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the factors associated with non-adherence to behaviours. RESULTS: Among 48 668 respondents (mean age: 43 years; 71% female), 98.3% adopted hand washing, 68.5% mask wearing and 76.9% physical distancing. Compared with males, females were more likely to adopt hand washing (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.71 to 2.28) and maintain physical distancing (OR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.34). However, in multivariable sex-stratified models, females in countries with higher Gender Inequality Indexes (GII) were less likely to report hand washing (adjusted OR (aOR)=0.47, 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.05). Females who reported being employed (aOR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.48) and in countries with low/medium GIIs (aOR=0.18, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.51) were less likely to report mask wearing. Females who reported being employed were less likely to report physical distancing (aOR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.32 to 0.49). CONCLUSION: While females showed greater adherence to COVID-19 protective health behaviours, gender-related factors, including employment status and high country-wide gender inequality, were independently associated with non-adherence. These findings may inform public health and vaccination policies in current as well as future pandemics
Public perceptions and behavioural responses to the first COVID-19 pandemic wave in Italy: Results from the iCARE study
Full text linkBackground: Italy was the first European country to be affected by COVID-19. Considering that many countries are currently battling the 2nd wave of the pandemic, understanding people's perceptions and responses to government policies remains critical for informing on-going mitigation strategies. We assessed attitudes towards COVID-19 policies, levels of adherence to preventive behaviours, and the association between COVID-19 related concerns and adherence levels.
Methods: We recruited a convenience sample of Italian individuals from an international cross-sectional survey (www.icarestudy.com) from March 27th to May 5th 2020. Multivariate regression models were used to test the association between concerns and the adoption of preventive measures.
Results: The survey included 1,332 participants (female (68%), younger than 25 (57%)) that reported high awareness (over 96%) and perceived importance (88%) of policies. We observed varied levels of adherence to: hand washing (96%), avoiding social gatherings (96%), self-isolation if suspected or COVID-19 positive (77%). Significantly lower adherence to self-isolation was reported by individuals with current employment. High levels of concerns regarding health of other individuals and country economy were reported. Only health concerns for others were significantly associated with higher adherence to hand washing behaviour.
Conclusions: In order to inform current/future government strategies, we provide insights about population's responses to the initial pandemic phase in Italy. Communication approaches should consider addressing people's concerns regarding the health of other individuals to motivate adherence to prevention measures. Provision of social and economic support is warranted to avoid unequal impacts of governmental policies and allow effective adherence to self-isolating measures.
Keywords: COVID-19; cross-sectional study; population concerns; preventive behviours
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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