1,721,064 research outputs found
P-affinity measurements of specific osmotroph populations using cell-sorting flow cytometry
No full textTo elucidate the role that the marine microbes play in global nutrient cycling, it is necessary to recognize
how various phyto- and bacterioplankton groups compete for limiting nutrients. Specific phosphate affinity
describes an organism’s ability to harvest phosphate at low concentrations from the surrounding water. For the
first time, we have taken advantage of cell-sorting flow cytometry in combination with radio-labeled phosphorus
to measure this feature of specific osmotrophic groups in natural communities. Specific phosphate affinities
for Synechococcus spp. and picoeukaryotes were measured using live, unstained cells. The results were always
lower than theoretical calculated maximum values, corresponding well with observations of P-deficiency, or
sub-optimal P supply for the osmotroph community, at the time of investigation. Fixing and staining cells
before flow sorting offers the advantage of better separation of phytoplankton and showed high sorting reproducibility
when applied to nonaxenic Synechococcuscultures. A subsequent investigation of P-leakage from isotopically
labeled, fixed, stained cells in nonaxenic cultures of Synechococcusshowed that it was only slightly larger
than the loss of 17% found when uptake of new label was stopped with adding “cold” phosphate. Possible
applications of the currently developed methodology for population specific P affinity measurements by flow
sorting are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Hvordan kan sykepleier fremme god ammestart på barselavdeling?
Full text linkSammendrag:
Bakgrunn: Amming er den eldste og sikreste formen for spedbarnsernæring i verden. Likevel synker statistikken over antall kvinner som velger amming globalt, til tross for universelle og nasjonale anbefalinger og retningslinjer. Tilrettelagt undervisning og veiledning ser ut til å øke statistikken, samt mors egen opplevelse med amming.
Hensikt: Hensikten med oppgaven er å undersøke faktorer som er avgjørende for resultatet av ammingens oppstart på bakgrunn av sykepleiers helsefremmende, informative og undervisende rolle.
Metode: Denne litteraturstudien er basert på en kombinasjon av kvalitative studier og kvantitativ teori og fakta. Totalt 7 kvalitative artikler er beskrevet.
Resultater: Funnene viser at sykepleiers helsefremmende, undervisende og informative rolle kan øke omfanget og varigheten av ammingen. Sykepleiers funksjoner kan også øke mors personlige motivasjon og kunnskapsnivå.
Konklusjon: Det er en tydelig sammenheng mellom sykepleiers aktuelle funksjonsområder og kvinners opplevelse og resultat av ammestart. Faktorer av betydning er praktisk og emosjonell støtte, veiledning og tilstedeværelse. I tillegg er individuell tilrettelegging avgjørende.
Nøkkelord: Amming, undervisning, veiledning, barselavdeling, sykepleiers funksjonerAbstract:
Background: Breastfeeding is the oldest and safest form of infant nutrition in the world. Nevertheless, statistics on the number of women who choose to breastfeed are declining globally, despite universal and national recommendations and guidelines. Facilitated teaching and guidance seem to increase the statistics, as well as the mother's own experience with breastfeeding.
Purpose: The purpose of the thesis is to investigate factors that are decisive for the outcome of the initiation of breastfeeding on the basis of nurses' health-promoting, informative and teaching role.
Method: This literature study is based on a combination of qualitative studies and quantitative theory and facts. A total of 7 qualitative articles are described.
Results: The findings show that nurses' health-promoting, teaching and informative role can increase the extent and duration of breastfeeding. Nurses' functions can also increase the mother's personal motivation and level of knowledge.
Conclusion: There is a clear connection between nurses' current functional areas and women's experience and results of breastfeeding initiation. Factors of importance are practical and emotional support, guidance and presence. In addition, individual adaptation is essential.
Keywords: Breastfeeding, teaching, guidance, maternity unit, nurse's function
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Infertilitet og psykisk helse
Full text linkSammendrag
Tittel: Infertilitet og psykisk helse
Nøkkelord: Psykisk helse, infertilitet og infertilitetsbehandling
Bakgrunn: Infertilitet rammer omtrent 10% av alle par, hvor infertilitetsbehandlingen hovedsakelig foregår hos kvinnen. Vi ønsker å rette fokuset mot hvordan infertilitet og infertilitetsbehandling påvirker den psykiske helsen, og hva sykepleier kan gjøre for pasienten.
Hensikt: Hensikten med litteraturstudien er å belyse at infertilitet og infertilitetsbehandling vil påvirke den psykiske helsen, og avdekke hvordan sykepleiere kan spille en rolle i å fremme den psykiske helsen hos pasientgruppen.
Problemstilling: Hvilke tiltak har vist seg å være effektive for sykepleiere for å fremme psykisk helse hos kvinner som gjennomgår infertilitetsbehandling?
Metode: En litteraturstudie der kvantitative og kvalitative forskningsartikler ble benyttet, sammen med to reviewartikler. Gjennom å utføre et strukturert søk inkluderte vi totalt sju artikler. Databasene som ble benyttet var PubMed og CINAHL.
Resultat: Analyseringsprosessen definerte hovedtemaene; psykososial støtte, relasjonsfremmende sykepleie, emosjonell støtte, og seksualitet og intimitet.
Konklusjon: Litteraturstudien fremhever hvordan relasjonsfremmende sykepleie, psykososial og emosjonell støtte, og seksualitet og intimitet som en del av helhetlig sykepleie, kan benyttes av sykepleiere for å fremme kvinners psykiske helse under behandling for infertilitet. Analysen viser at en kombinasjon av de fire hovedtemaene kan bidra til å fremme den psykiske helsen hos pasientgruppen.Abstract
Title: Infertility and mental health
Keywords: Mental health, infertility, and infertility treatment
Background: Infertility affects approximately 10% of all couples, with treatment primarily focused on the women. This study aims to explore how infertility and infertility treatment impact mental health, and what the nurse can do to support the patient.
Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to highlight how infertility and infertility treatment can affect mental health, and to identify how nurses can contribute to promoting well-being within this patient group.
Research problem: Which interventions have been shown to be effective for nurses in promoting mental health among women undergoing infertility treatment?
Method: The literature review included both quantitative and qualitative research articles, as well as two review articles. A structured search was conducted, resulting in the inclusion of a total of seven articles. The databases used for the search were PubMed and CINAHL.
Results: The analysis process identified the following main themes: psychosocial support, relationship-promoting nursing, emotional support, and sexuality and intimacy.
Conclusion: The literature review highlights how psychosocial support, relationship-promoting nursing, emotional support, as well as addressing sexuality and intimacy as part of holistic care, can be utilized by nurses to promote mental health of women undergoing infertility treatment. The analysis indicates that a combination of these four core teams provides an effective approach to supporting the psychological well-being of this patient group
Arctic marine microbial ecology during the Svalbard Polar Night
Full text linkThis study investigated the presence and activity of the components of the microbial food web (sepcifically viruses, heterotrophic bacteria and nanoflagellates, and autotrophic Cyanobacteria and pico-nanoflagellates) in the waters around the Svalbard archipelago (Norway) during the polar night period. The study focused on two major questions – are there differences in the community composition in different water masses? And, are there significant changes occurring during the polar night period? Two cruises in January and November 2017 with a total of 11 stations offered the opportunity to test these hypotheses. Flow cytometry was used to determine cell abundances in the uppermost 100m of the water column, and 8 serial dilution experiments were conducted to estimate their growth and grazing rates. All studied organism groups occurred in all samples in low abundances in both January and November. Comparison to the hydrographic regime revealed strong linkages between community structure and hydrography with higher abundances in Atlantic Water samples. Heterotrophic nanoflagellates and autotrophic pico-nanoplankton were markedly less present in January, whereas bacteria and viruses displayed steady concentrations in both months. This supported the hypothesis of succession in the microbial network throughout the polar night, and the possible role of mixotrophy and resting stages are discussed. No significant growth or grazing was detected in the experiments, which could be caused e.g. by low substrate availability and resting strategies. This study demonstrated that all members of the microbial food web organisms persists throughout the polar night in the major water masses around Svalbard. Future studies using alternative approaches are suggested to further study these processes during times of low activity
Sykepleierens rolle i møte med kvinner som gjennomfører provosert abort
Full text linkKort beskrivelse av bacheloroppgaven:
Bakgrunn: Abort er et svært stigmatisert og omdiskutert tema verden over, som kan medføre vanskeligheter for kvinner som gjennomfører provosert abort. Sykepleier spiller en viktig rolle ved ivaretagelse av de abortsøkende, og det er derfor viktig holde seg oppdatert på kvinnens behov, erfaringer og ønsker.
Hensikt: Hensikten ved denne litteraturstudien er å utforske, og fremme hvilken rolle sykepleier har i møte med kvinner som skal gjennomføre provosert abort. Herunder avdekke funn som kan kunne bidra til å gi svar, forbedre og utvikle abortomsorgen.
Metode: Systematisk litteraturstudie utført gjennom et strukturert søk, og syv inkluderte forskningsartikler.
Resultat: Resultatet av denne litteraturstudien er at sykepleiere sin rolle i møte med kvinner som gjennomgår provosert abort er svært viktig. For å gi optimal abortomsorg krever det at sykepleier har nok kunnskap og erfaring for å kunne ivareta kvinnens individuelle behov. Rikelig og forståelig informasjon, støtte, trygghet, tillit og relasjonsbygning er hovedpunkter for å abortomsorgen.
Konklusjon: Sykepleierens rolle i møte med kvinner som gjennomgår provosert abort, er av stor betydning for kvinnens opplevelse og ivaretagelse. Sykepleiere som gir tilstrekkelig med forståelsesfull informasjon, støtte, empati og følelse av trygghet. Bidrar til å skape en god relasjon til kvinnen, og en god abortopplevelse. Det finnes imidlertid kvinner som ikke føler seg ivaretatt og trygge gjennom abortprosessen, og sykepleiere som syntes det kan være vanskelig ivareta kvinner grunnet manglende kunnskap, opplæring, rådgiving og støtte. Oppgaven er dermed med på å avdekke sykepleierens behov for bedre og tettere opplæring, samt styrket oppfølging og kompetanse tilknyttet abortomsorgen.Short description of the bachelor thesis:
Background: Abortion is a highly stigmatized and debated topic worldwide, which can cause difficulties for women who carry out induced abortions. Nurses play an important role in caring for abortion seekers, and it is therefore important to keep up to date with the woman's needs, experiences and wishes.
Purpose: The purpose of this literature study is to explore and promote the role of nurses in dealing with women who are going to have an induced abortion. Including uncovering findings that can contribute to providing answers, improving and developing abortion care.
Method: Systematic literature study carried out through a structured search, and seven included research articles.
Result: The result of the literature study is that nurse's role in dealing with women who undergo induced abortion is essential. To provide optimal abortion care, nurse`s need to have enough knowledge and experience to be able to attend to the women’s individual needs. Abundant and comprehensible information, support, security, trust, and relationship building are key points for abortion care.
Conclusion: The nurse's role in meeting women who undergo induced abortion is of great importance for the woman's experience and care. Nurses who provide sufficient understanding information, support, empathy and a sense of security. Contributes to creating a good relationship with the woman, and a good abortion experience. However, there are women who do not feel looked after and safe during the abortion process, and nurses who find it difficult to look after women due to a lack of knowledge, training, advice and support. The assignment thus contributes to uncovering nurse's need for better and more frequent training, as well as strengthened follow-up and competence associated with abortion care
Hvordan kan sykepleier ivareta psykisk helse hos kvinner som gjennomgår en spontanabort før utgangen av gestasjonsuke 22?
Full text linkTittel:
«Hvordan kan sykepleier ivareta psykisk helse hos kvinner som gjennomgår en spontanabort før utgangen av gestasjonsuke 22?»
Dato: 29.05.2023
Forfattere: Ragna Svendsrud Sørlien
Tina Andrea Fallet Ruud
Veileder: Aud Irene Larsen
Nøkkelord: Spontanabort, emosjonell støtte, psykisk helse, sykepleier
Antall sider / antall ord: 32/7656 Antall vedlegg: 0
Kort beskrivelse av bacheloroppgaven:
Bakgrunn: Av erkjente svangerskap i Norge, ender 15 til 20 % i et ufrivillig svangerskapsavbrudd. Å gjennomgå en spontanabort vil kunne påvirke kvinnens psykiske helse, og en slik hendelse kan gi både sorg, angst og depresjon.
Av den grunn er det viktig å belyse hvordan sykepleier kan ivareta disse kvinnene, der de er og når de trenger det.
Hensikt: Vi ønsker å belyse hva forskning og annen litteratur sier om hvordan sykepleiere kan ivareta kvinners psykiske helse under og etter en spontanabort.
Metode: Vi har utført en litteraturstudie hvor vi har sett på kvalitative forskningsartikler. Vi har benyttet databasene Cinahl complete og PubMed. Gjennom strukturerte søk har vi funnet syv forskningsartikler som besvarer vår problemstilling. Søkeordene vi har brukt er: Abortion, spontaneous, Miscarriage, Early pregnancy loss, Nursing Role, Nursing Care, Health personnel og Nurse.
Resultat: Etter gjennomført analyse satt vi igjen med fem temaer som utpekte seg:
«emosjonell støtte», «individuell behandling», «behov for informasjon og kommunikasjon», «kunnskap og forståelse hos sykepleier» og «framtidstro og oppfølging».
Konklusjon: Litteraturstudien belyser betydningen av å yte sykepleie basert på omsorg og empati, forståelse og annerkjennelse, tilpasset informasjon og kommunikasjon for å ivareta kvinners psykiske helse ved en spontanabort. Studien viser at sykepleier og kvinners oppfatninger av behov ikke er så ulike, men at organisatoriske barrierer likevel kan føre til mangelfull ivaretakelse av kvinnenes behov.Title:
"How can a nurse take care of mental health in women who undergo a miscarriage before the end of gestational week 22?”
Date: 29.05.2023
Authors: Ragna Svendsrud Sørlien
Tina Andrea Fallet Ruud
Supervisor: Aud Irene Larsen
Keywords: Miscarriage, emotional support, mental health, nurse
Number of pages / words: 32/7656
Number of appendix: 0
Short description of the bachelor thesis:
Background: Of all acknowledged pregnancies in Norway, 15 to 20 % end in an involuntary termination. Undergoing a miscarriage can affect women’s mental health, and cause grief, anxiety, and depression. Therefore, it is important to shed light on how nurses can look after these women, where they are and when they need it.
Purpose: We wish to enlighten what research and other literature says about how nurses can look after women's mental health during and after a miscarriage.
Method: We have carried out a literature study where we have looked at qualitative research articles. Databases used in our research were Cinahl Complete and PubMed. Through structured searches, we have found seven research articles that answer our research question. We used the following key words: Abortion, spontaneous, Miscarriage, Early pregnancy loss, Nursing Role, Nursing Care, Health personnel and Nurse.
Result: The analysis process uncovered five topics: "emotional support", "individual treatment", "the need for information and communication", "knowledge and understanding in nurses" and "faith in the future and follow-up care".
Conclusion: The literature study enlightens the importance of nursing care based on care and empathy, understanding and recognition, information, and communication to take care of women’s mental health in the event of a miscarriage. At the same time, the study shows that even though the perception of nurses and patients do not differ very much, organizational barriers result in a failure to attend the women’s needs
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