1,720,992 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The economic returns of immigrants' bonding and bridging social capital
No full textDefence date: 28 May 2010Examining Board: Jaap Dronkers (formerly EUI/Univ. Maastricht); Anthony Heath (Univ. Oxford); Martin Kohli (EUI) (Supervisor); Irena Kogan (Univ. Mannheim)PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD thesesThis thesis aims at analyzing to what extent different forms of social capital can help immigrants in the Netherlands and Germany to make headway on the labour market. Two forms of social capital are identified. Bonding refers to a dense network with thick trust and is measured as the strength of family ties, co-ethnic ties and trust in the family. Bridging implies a crosscutting network with thin trust and is measured as inter-ethnic ties and outward orientation. Making use of quantitative research methods, it is examined to what extent bonding and bridging for immigrants in the Netherlands and Germany explain a higher likelihood of employment, higher income, higher occupational status and shorter unemployment duration. Results show that 1) bridging networks positively affect all economic outcomes identified; 2) bonding networks do not affect economic outcomes; 3) levels of trust (neither thick nor thin) do not explain economic outcomes; 4) returns to social capital are much higher for men than for women; 5) findings are similar for Germany and the Netherlands. Limitations and implications are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Blind spots in social resource theory:Essays on the creation, maintenance, and returns of social capital
Get PDFThe people we know matter. They provide information, personal advice or a sympathetic ear. In formal terms, this idea has been called social capital. A network perspective views social capital as resources available via an individual’s social ties. An individual can borrow these resources and use them to achieve important life aims, such as finding a new job or maintaining their wellbeing. This dissertation sheds light on several blind spots in our understanding of social capital. Based on four empirical studies it provides new insights into the creation, maintenance and returns of social capital. It adds complexity to a seemingly simple idea and concludes that we cannot do away with details. At the expense of simplicity, this dissertation seeks to tell a more complete story about the creation, maintenance, and returns of social capital
Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in Western Labor Markets: Empirical Evidence from Field Experiments
No full textPrevious research has provided compelling evidence for the existence of racial and ethnic discrimination in the labor market (Heath and Di Stasio 2019; Quillian et al. 2017, 2019; Zschirnt and Ruedin 2016). So far, however, it has been unclear whether all racial and ethnic minority groups are equally affected by hiring discrimination. Also, much research has been largely descriptive, providing little insights into the sources of racial and ethnic discrimination in hiring. Using a meta-analysis and a cross-national harmonized field experiment, this dissertation provides new evidence about the extent of discrimination against different racial and ethnic minority groups as well as some of the factors that may affect racial and ethnic discrimination in hiring. This dissertation finds that black and non-western minority groups face higher levels of discrimination than western minority groups. These findings suggest that those who already occupy a vulnerable socioeconomic position in society face the highest risk of discrimination in the labor market. Furthermore, the present study provides more insights into the sources of racial and ethnic discrimination in the labor market by considering the impact of diagnostic information about individual productivity, indicators of group productivity, and the social environments wherein hiring takes place (i.e. national- and regional contexts). Broadly, the findings seem to indicate that overall levels of racial and ethnic discrimination cannot be explained by a lack of productivity-relevant information in application materials (cf. Agerström et al. 2012; Koopmans et al. 2018; Vernby and Dancygier 2019) nor by indicators of skill differences between racial and ethnic minority groups. The evidence here rather suggests that racial and ethnic discrimination is related to (employer perceptions about) origin countries and the broader social context in which employers operate, such as national and regional contexts. All in all, these findings indicate that different contexts of reception (Portes and Rumbaut 2001) can have a strong impact on the distribution of labor market opportunities among different racial and ethnic minority groups
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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