321 research outputs found
The Life and Scientific Work of James Bryce, Author of "The Holy Roman Empire"
No full textDr. iur. DDr. h. c. Gábor Hamza, professor of law, full member of Hungarian Academy of
Sciences, analyses James Bryce’s work titled The Holy Roman Empire, pointing out its significance in the first half of the 21st centur
Risāle-i Bey'ü Şerā; رسالۀ بيع و شرا
No full text1. eser : İçindekiler : 1a’da Molla Husrev hatibi Şakir (?) adına mühür ve istishap kaydı. 2. eser : İçindekiler : Risale, mukaddimeyi takip eden 3 bölümden oluşmaktadır. Eser bittikten sonra 96b-100b: Çocuklara akıl baliğ olmadan iman ve islamın öğretilmesi hk. risale; 101a-105a: Namaz hk. risale. 1. eser : Ek Bilgiler : Eser, şiirlerinde Rızâî mahlasını kullanan Tokatlı İshak b. Hasan Zencânî’nin Nazmü’l-Le’âl veya Manzume-i Akâid adlı eserinin şerhidir. En sonda yer alan ve birinci ağızdan aktarılan nota (65b) göre şerh 1209 / 1794 yılında Tokatta tamamlanmış, daha sonra şarih 1215’te Tokat’a bağlı Yaya karyesine müderris olarak geldiğinde eseri daha ayrıntılı olarak tekrar istinsah etmiştir. Bu nota göre eser, müellif hattıdır. Sayfa kenarlarında eklemeler vardır. Eser Arap harfleriyle yayımlanmıştır. 2. eser : Ek bilgiler : Eser Risale-i Hamza Efendi adıyla da anılmaktadırOriginal scanned with Zeutschel OS 12000C A2 scanner and saved as 300 ppi uncompressed tiffs. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP20002 vol. in 1 (15 lines); 18x12,5 c
Manipulating wavelength-selective emission with heterogeneous photonic crystals
No full textThe usual near-field radiation profile of a light beam emanating from a photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) has a main lobe at the center line of the waveguide. However, a centrally symmetric profile for the emission pattern with two sidelobes can be required in some applications, e.g., Y-type power dividers, wavelength multiplexers, and semiconductor lasers. With such motivations in mind, we present the design of a compact structure that deflects the beam propagation direction in this manner. The idea utilizes the manipulation of the dispersion diagram of cascaded photonic crystals by exploiting the bandgap and self-collimation properties. The waveguide mode in the PCW can be transformed from a propagating mode into a diffusive one by altering the filling factor, which, in turn, leads to off-axis light emission. By using the finite-difference time-domain method, we show that the emission takes place into free space at the inclined output surfaces of the PCW with deviation angles of +/- 45 degrees. (C) 2011 Optical Society of AmericaTechnological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [110T306]; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA GEBIP)Turkish Academy of SciencesThe author gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under project no. 110T306. H. Kurt also acknowledges support from the Turkish Academy of Sciences Distinguished Young Scientist Award (TUBA GEBIP)
Sujet de thèse en cours : Transfert d'énergie rotationnelle lors des collisions de CO-Ar et CO-H₂ à très basses températures pour des applications astrophysiques [Soutenance 19.12.2017]
No full textsupervisor Ian Sims (department of molecular physics)sous la direction de Ian Sims dans le département de physique moléculair
Bayan science at Yahyâ B. Hamza al-alawi in the light of his book et-tırâz
No full textTezimizin konusunu “et-Tırâz Adlı Eseri Işığında Yahyâ b. Hamza el-ʽAlevî’de Beyân İlmi” teşkil etmektedir. Belâgat ilmine dair kaleme alınan bu eseri konu alan çalışmamızda müellif Yahyâ b. Hamza el-ʽAlevî’nin hayatı, talebeleri, ilmi kişiliği ve eserlerinin yanı sıra onun söz konusu eserinin beyân ilmi ile ilgili kısmının incelenmesi yer almaktadır. Çalışmamız bir giriş, iki bölüm ve sonuç kısımlarından oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında belâgat ilminin ve belâgatin üç ana bölümünden biri olan beyân ilminin tanıtımına, Yahyâ b. Hamza el-ʽAlevî’nin bu ilim dalında yazdığı mezkûr eser ve bu eserin belâgat alanındaki önemine yer verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde müellifin hayatı ve yaşadığı döneme dair bilgiler verilerek et-Tırâz adlı kitabı genel hatlarıyla tanıtılmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise beyân ilminin kısa tarihçesi verilerek müellifin adı geçen eserinde beyân ilmini işleyişi incelenmiştir.The subject of our thesis based on “Bayan Science at Yahyâ b. Hamza al-Alawi in the Light of his book et-Tırâz”. In our study on the subject of eloquence, apart from the author Yahyâ b. Hamza al-Alawi’s life, students, scientific personality and the works, his mentioned book’s part related to eloquonce has been discussed extensively. Our study is constituted from an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction part, rhetoric science and eloquence which is one of the three main parts of rhetoric science; Yahyâ b. Hamza al-Alewi's work written in this branch of science and the importance of this work in terms of rhetoric has been mentioned. In the first part, information about authors life and the era he has lived in has been given and outlines of his book et-Tırâz has been introduced. In the second part, the brief history of the science of declaration was given and author’s writing about declaration science in the mentioned book has been examined
Bayan science at Yahyâ B. Hamza al-alawi in the light of his book et-tırâz
Get PDFTezimizin konusunu “et-Tırâz Adlı Eseri Işığında Yahyâ b. Hamza el-ʽAlevî’de Beyân İlmi” teşkil etmektedir. Belâgat ilmine dair kaleme alınan bu eseri konu alan çalışmamızda müellif Yahyâ b. Hamza el-ʽAlevî’nin hayatı, talebeleri, ilmi kişiliği ve eserlerinin yanı sıra onun söz konusu eserinin beyân ilmi ile ilgili kısmının incelenmesi yer almaktadır. Çalışmamız bir giriş, iki bölüm ve sonuç kısımlarından oluşmaktadır. Giriş kısmında belâgat ilminin ve belâgatin üç ana bölümünden biri olan beyân ilminin tanıtımına, Yahyâ b. Hamza el-ʽAlevî’nin bu ilim dalında yazdığı mezkûr eser ve bu eserin belâgat alanındaki önemine yer verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde müellifin hayatı ve yaşadığı döneme dair bilgiler verilerek et-Tırâz adlı kitabı genel hatlarıyla tanıtılmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise beyân ilminin kısa tarihçesi verilerek müellifin adı geçen eserinde beyân ilmini işleyişi incelenmiştir.The subject of our thesis based on “Bayan Science at Yahyâ b. Hamza al-Alawi in the Light of his book et-Tırâz”. In our study on the subject of eloquence, apart from the author Yahyâ b. Hamza al-Alawi’s life, students, scientific personality and the works, his mentioned book’s part related to eloquonce has been discussed extensively. Our study is constituted from an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction part, rhetoric science and eloquence which is one of the three main parts of rhetoric science; Yahyâ b. Hamza al-Alewi's work written in this branch of science and the importance of this work in terms of rhetoric has been mentioned. In the first part, information about authors life and the era he has lived in has been given and outlines of his book et-Tırâz has been introduced. In the second part, the brief history of the science of declaration was given and author’s writing about declaration science in the mentioned book has been examined
Rotational energy transfer in CO-Ar and CO-H₂ collisions at very low temperatures for astrophysical applications
No full textCette thèse a été effectuée au sein de l’Institut de Physique de Rennes, et qui porte sur le transfert d’énergie rotationnelle lors des collisions de CO-Ar et CO-H2 à très basses températures pour des applications astrophysiques. Comprendre la constitution du milieu interstellaire (MIS), son évolution et ses propriétés physiques telles que la température et la densité, nécessite la connaissance de l’efficacité des collisions atomiques et moléculaires. Cette thèse expérimentale a été motivée par cet objectif. Le MIS et plus particulièrement les nuages moléculaires froids sont caractérisés par des températures très basses atteignant ~ -260 °C. Afin de reproduire ces conditions, on a utilisé la technique CRESU (Cinétique des Réactions en Ecoulement Supersonique Uniforme). Deux systèmes de collisions ont été étudiés : CO-Ar et CO-H2 pour leur impact dans les modèles astrophysiques (dits aussi modèles de transfert radiatifs). Une technique spectroscopique IR-VUV (Infrarouge-Ultraviolet dans le vide) en double résonance à base de lasers pulsés a été utilisée pour la détection et le diagnostic de l’efficacité des collisions et la détermination les constantes de collisions. Les résultats expérimentaux obtenus (pour la première fois) ont été comparés à des prédictions basées sur des calculs théoriques très avancés de mécanique quantique. Un très bon accord a été obtenu, ce qui a permis de tester et valider ces calculs théoriques d’un côté, et aussi de pouvoir fournir des constantes de collisions robustes qui vont être utilisées par les astrophysiciens pour modéliser et déterminer les propriétés physiques du MIS, ainsi qu’interpréter les spectres astrophysiques obtenus par des télescopes ou des satellites.In the quest to understand the universe, astrophysicists observe and make models for astrophysical objects in the sky. The interstellar medium, ISM, in particular is of central importance since it represents the matter that exists in the space between stars in a galaxy, and in which stars and planets form. Understanding it, its constituents and its evolution and characteristics requires the quantification of several chemical and physical processes, including collision processes. In this work, we used the CRESU technique to reproduce very cold environments of astrophysical media, in particular dense molecular clouds in the ISM. We studied experimentally rotational energy transfer, RET, resulting from inelastic collisions at very low temperatures using a pump-probe laser-based spectroscopic technique for the purpose of measuring constants quantifying collisions. Two types of constants were determined: the first are total removal constants of RET resulting from a specific rotational quantum state to all possible final rotational quantum states, and the second are more detailed information consisting in rate constants from a specific rotational quantum state to another specific rotational quantum state, so-called state-to-state rate constants. Two experiments have been performed involving Carbone monoxide molecule, CO, as a target molecule of collisions. The first involves argon, Ar, as a projectile atom, and the second molecular hydrogen, H2, as a projectile molecule. Both collisional systems play an important role in a wide range of areas including gas-phase phenomena and astrophysical applications. In the first experiment, we investigated collisions between CO and Ar, from 293 K down to 30 K. IR-VUV double resonance technique has been exploited to measure, directly for the first time, absolute values of total removal and state-to-state constants of collisions. The experimental results have been compared to theoretical predictions based on a diatom-atom model of collision, where very good agreement was observed. In the second experiment, we investigated collisions between CO and H2 (the most abundant molecules in the ISM) from 293 K down to 5.5 K focusing on the very low temperatures of dense molecular clouds in the ISM. For the first time, total removal and state-to-state constants have been measured and compared to theoretical predictions of a highly accurate diatom-diatom model of collisions, where excellent agreement was observed. The results obtained in this thesis served to validate theoretical models of molecular collisions, helping the continuous efforts for pushing the frontiers of theoretical models. In the astrophysical side, the obtained collisional constants will be taken into account in modeling of many astrophysical media
Ref’ul-Hitam ‘An Vakfi Hamza Ve Hişâm (Molla Gürânî’nin Ref’ul-Hitam ‘An Vakfi Hamza Ve Hişâm adlı eserinin edisyon kritiği)
No full textBu tezde öncelikle Osmanlı devrinin büyük ulemalarından Molla Gürânî’nin hayatı kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alındı. Müellifin ilmi yolculuğuna başlamasından itibaren gittiği yerler, karşılaştığı zorluklar, istifade ettiği tarihi kişilikler, Osmanlı diyarına gelme sebebi, Anadolu topraklarında ilmi hayata kattığı değer ve Fatih Sultan Mehmed üzerindeki derin etkisi ile fetihteki rolüne değinildi. O dönemde Anadolu’da ki ilmi ve siyasi durum ile Molla Gürânî’nin Anadolu’da yapmış olduğu vakıflar, telif ettiği eserler, yetiştirdiği ilim adamları ve devlet yönetiminde ki faaliyetlerine de değinildi.Daha sonra ise “Ref’ul-Hitam ‘an Vakfi Hamza ve Hişâm” adlı eserin matbu yazımı yapılarak Süleymaniye/ Lâleli no.57/ 2, Süleymaniye/ Bağdatlı Vehbi no.27 ile Bayezid Umumi no.145 numaralarında bulunan üç farklı el yazması nüsha üzerinden tahkiki yapılmaya çalışıldı.Ehlince malumdur ki kıraat alanındaki en zor konuların başında hemzeli kelimelerin üzerindeki vakıf konusu gelmektedir. Buda hemzeli kelimelerde hemzenin kelimenin ortasında veya sonunda gelmesi, hemzenin öncesinde veya sonrasında bulunan harekeye göre resmi hattı ve bunlara bağlı olarak vakıf halinde ortaya çıkacak olan farklı kıraat vecihleri gibi konuları kapsamaktadır.Müellif kendisinin dahi anlamakta ve bir şeyler ortaya koyabilmekte zorlandığı bu mühim meseleye katkı sunmak maksadıyla ciddi bir çalışma içerisine girişmiştir. Eser de Hamza ve Hişam hazretlerinin ele alınma sebebi hemzeli kelimelerde vakıf halinde en fazla farklı kıraat vechine sahip bu iki imamın olması açısındandır. Müellif, Veliyyullah eş-Şatıbî’nin ‘şatıbiyye’ ismiyle şöhret bulmuş manzum ve ölümsüz eserinin, mütevatir kıraat imamlarından Hamza ve Hişam’ın hemzeli kelimelerdeki vakıf halinde ortaya çıkan farklı kıraat vecihlerini ortaya koyan 234. beytten başlayaraki254. beyite kadar tek tek ele almış ve kelamını bu manzum eserin ilgili kısmına bir şerh olarak getirmiştir.Beyitleri açıklarken izahata girişmiş ve Ca’beri (ö. 732/ 1332), Sibeveyh (ö. 180/ 796), Yunus (ö. 182/ 798) ve Ebu’l-iz el-Vasiti gibi arap dil âlimlerinden de şahitler getirmiştir. Her beyti açıklarken ayetlerin o meseleye örnek olabilecek kelimelerini almış, ayetleri bütün halinde vermemiştir. Bu manada birçok örnekleme yapmıştır. Ancak yer yer ismini zikrettiğimiz âlimleri reddettiği ve eleştirdiği yerlerde bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca en ağır eleştirilerini kıraat alanında ittifakla otorite kabul edilen Muhammed b. Cezeri’ye getirdiğini görmekteyiz.Müellif eleştirilerini getirirken meseleyi sadece reddetmekle kalmayarak delilini de ortaya koymaktadır. Eleştirilerini delille desteklemiş olması tam olarak ilim ehlinden beklenen bir durumdur ve ele aldığı meseleye vukufiyetini göstermesi açısından önemlidir. Yine kadim ulemamızın bu alana vermiş olduğu büyük değeri de ortaya koymaktadır.Bizde bu çalışmayı yaparken, zor bir konu olan hemzeli kelimelerin vakıf meselesinde son derece değerli bir yere sahip olan bu yazma eseri ilim dünyasının istifadesine sunmak üzere yola çıktık.In this thesis, firstly the life of Molla Gürânî, one of the great scholars of the Ottoman period, was discussed in detail. The places where the author went from the beginning of his scientific journey, the difficulties he faced, the historical personalities he benefited, the reason for coming to the Ottoman land, the value he brought to scientific life in Anatolia and his deep influence on Fatih Sultan Mehmed were mentioned. At that time, the scientific and political situation in Anatolia, Molla Gürânî's foundations in Anatolia, the works that he copyrighted, the scientists raised and the state administration activities were also mentioned.Afterwards, “Ref'ul-Hitam ‘an Vakfi Hamza and Hişâm were printed and published in three different manuscripts in Süleymaniye/ Lâleli no.57/ 2, Süleymaniye/ Bağdatlı Vehbi no.27 and Bayezid Umumi no.145. an attempt was made to verify.It is well-known by the competent that the most difficult issues in the field of Quran recitation is the subject of the foundation on the words of the cross. This includes issues such as the presence or absence of the hemze in the words, the official line according to the movement before or after the hemze and the different aspects of the Quran which will emerge as a foundation.The author undertook a serious effort to contribute to this important issue, which he himself had difficulty understanding and presenting. The reason why Hamza and Hisham are handled in the work is the fact that these two imams have the most different Quranic verses in the form of foundations in the words of the same. The author, Veliyyullah eş-Shatibiyye's 'şatıbiyye' has found fame with the name of verse and immortal work, Hamza and Hisham of the imam of the verse and the immortal work of Hamza and Hisham emerged in the form of words in the verse of the verse from the 234th couplet until the 254th and the verse as a commentary. The verse has brought this verse as an annotation to the relevant part of the work.In explaining the couplets he proceeded to explain and brought witnesses from Arab language scholars such as Ca’beri, Sibeveyh, Yunus and Abu El-iz al-Vasiti. In explaining each couplet, he took the words of the verses that could be an example for that matter and did not give the verses in whole. In this sense, he made many samples. However, there are places where he rejects and criticizes the scholars whose names are mentioned. We also see that he brought his most severe criticism to Muhammad b. Cezire who is accepted authority by the alliance.While criticizing, the author not only rejects the matter but also reveals his evidence. The fact that he supported his critics with evidence is exactly what is expected of the scholars and is important in terms of demonstrating his knowledge of the issue he is addressing. It also reveals the great value that our ancient scholars have given to this area.While doing this study, we set out to present this writing, which has a very valuable place in the issue of foundation, which is a difficult issue, to the benefit of the scientific world
Foregrounding and Metaphor: A Stylistic Study on Hamza Yusuf’s Religious Poems
Get PDFPoetry not only communicates information but also arouses the readers’ feeling to a thoughtful sense and the life’s perception of the author through parable objects. Poetry could be perceptually prominent if it is expressed through linguistic deviation, which further defined as “foregrounding”. This article is an attempt to provide understandings from the analysis of Shaykh Hamza Yusuf’s religious poems that engage both semantic and sound patterns (phonological) analyses. The semantic level of the poems dealt with metaphorical analysis as realized in several lines that observed the foregrounded words, phrase and sentences which are semantically deviant, and are classifiable into personification and depersonification. At the phonological level, the sounds patterns cover the use of certain sounds found on major lines of both poems, the distribution of similar sound patterns can produce the aesthetic effects, the common observed styles found in Hamza Yusuf’s religious poems are the repetitions or anaphora, assonance, alliteration, rhythmic sounds of the beginning, in- and end rhymes, and the middle rhyme
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