340 research outputs found
SPM in situ data at Patos Lagoon estuary in 4 stations: Feitoria, Marambaia, Praticagem, and Porto Rei - Fernandes (1998)
No full textFernandes (Fernandes, E. H.: Modelling the Hydrodynamics of the Patos Lagoon, Brazil, Ph.D. thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001) aimed to calibrate the hydrodynamic model TELEMAC for the Patos Lagoon for the first time. The author executed SPM field measurements at 4 stations: Feitoria, Marambaia, and Praticagem (between 27-29 October, 1998), and at Porto Rei (between 05-06 November, 1998) and measurements were carried out at the surface, middle depth and bottom using horizontal bottle samplers. These consist of a simple PVC pipe closed at the ends by rubber stoppers and released by a messenger sent from the surface. Sub-samples were stored in plastic bottles for further filtration and determination of SPM content. Samples were filtered through CA filters of 45 μm pore size as in Baumgarten et al. (Baumgarten, M., Rocha, J., and Niencheski, L.: Manual de Análises em Oceanografia Química, FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil, 1996)
Inflation and stabilization in Yugoslavia
No full textThis paper shows that inflation in Yugoslavia shares common elements with inflation in other highly indebted countries, despite appearances other-wise. These common elements include a large transfer of resources abroad unmatched by an internal adjustment, resulting in a large internal redistribution of real resources through inflation. The author argues that Yugoslavia differs from other countries in that these internal conditions are not transparent. Instead of an open fiscal deficit, there were complex interactions among enterprises, commercial banks, and the central bank, involving, among other things, the absorption and servicing of a large stock of foreign exchange liabilities by the central bank. Events in the second half of 1990 also indicate that, for a stabilization program to succeed in Yugoslavia, there must be much greater political resolve to cope with wage indiscipline and loss-making enterprises than was observed in 1990. And the question remains whether financial discipline can be imposed in the system only at the macroeconomic level and without introducing private ownership of capital. The ultimate question may be whether stabilization can succeed without a comprehensive privatization program.Economic Stabilization,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Macroeconomic Management
Reforming finance in transitional socialist economies : avoiding the path from shell money to shell games
No full textIn the late 1980s, transitional socialist economies (TSEs) in Central and Eastern Europe were only somewhat more sophisticated than shell money systems: savings books or currency had to be used for most transactions and there was no risk assessment, information monitoring and acquisition, or portfolio management. The TSEs have moved toward a two-tiered banking system but they lag in the development of competitive, market-based financial systems. In several TSEs the financial system seems to be part of a shell game to hide the losses of the real economy. The authors argue that rapid, successful economic reform requires putting the shell game to an end. They review several contentious issues of financial reform in the TSEs, especially issues involving macrofinance, corporate finance, the internal debt problems, and the need to build efficient banks. The authors contend that the banks should be"cleaned up"when they are privatized, to prevent the quick reemergence of debt problems. They believe that either of the proposed alternatives for shaping financial systems in the TSEs - very highly capitalized banking or narrow banking - would minimize the need for future support. Either alternative would reduce leverage in the TSEs and provide more financial stability. But taking concerns about moral hazard to an extreme - prohibiting debt finance - could starve new firms for credit and limit economic growth.Economic Theory&Research,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation
Estudo da atividade do tipo antidepressiva da Cecropia glazioui Sneth
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas.Esse estudo avaliou a atividade do tipo antidepressiva do extrato aquoso (EA) e de duas frações semipurificadas, fração butanólica (Fbut) e fração aquosa (Faq) da Cecropia glazioui Sneth, conhecida popularmente como embaúba. Para isso foi usado o modelo experimental da natação forçada (NF) em ratos. Nossos dados mostram que o EA (0,125 - 1,0 g/kg v.o) reduz de forma dose-dependente a imobilidade na NF, sendo este efeito potencializado após tratamento repetido (6 dias). O mesmo perfil de atividade foi encontrado após administração da Fbut, porém não da Faq, sugerindo que o princípio biologicamente ativo no teste da NF está presente na Fbut. Também foi observado que o tratamento repetido com o EA e a Fbut eleva os níveis de serotonina e noradrenalina hipocampais. Nossos resultados indicam que o EA de C. glazioui apresenta uma atividade do tipo antidepressiva, sendo esta conservada na Fbut. Esta atividade parece estar relacionada às alterações nos níveis de monoaminas hipocampais induzidas pelo tratamento com C. glazioui, mas o mecanismo de ação responsável por essa atividade permanece a ser esclarecido
Effect of doped and undoped POMA on the morphology and miscibility of blends with Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)
No full textThe effect of the addition of small amounts of doped and undoped poly(o-methoxyaniline) (POMA) on the morphology of melt crystallized PVDF was investigated by means of polarized light optical microscopy. Undoped POMA (POMA-EB) inhibits nucleation and growth of non ringed spherulites, partially formed by the polar gphase, whereas POMA doped with toluene sulfonic acid (POMA-TSA) favors this process. Moreover, the doping of POMA increases the miscibility between the components of the PVDF/POMA blends, resulting in more homogeneous films. A possible cause of this miscibility increase and for the favoring of the polar gphase, is the higher polarity of the POMA chains as a result of the doping
Diagnóstico do resíduo da construção civil gerado no município de Blumenau-SC: potencialidades de uso em obras públicas
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Civil.A pesquisa tem como principal objetivo, diagnosticar a geração e composição de Resíduos da Construção Civil, provenientes da construção, demolição e reforma, no Município de Blumenau - SC. A pesquisa gerou dados que permitiram identificar o resíduo da construção civil mais freqüente, sendo a cerâmica com argamassa, o resíduo mais encontrado (30,19%), e o bairro da Velha, o bairro de Blumenau que apresenta a maior geração de resíduos da Construção Civil. Foi também realizado um levantamento dos agregados naturais (areia e brita) utilizados nas obras públicas de urbanização realizadas no município, identificando suas procedências, a questão ambiental relacionada à sua extração e a quantidade deste material gasta pela Prefeitura em suas obras de infra-estrutura. Este levantamento ofereceu subsídios a uma análise sobre o potencial de substituição dos materiais convencionais (areia e brita) pelos agregados reciclados de resíduos da construção civil, nas obras públicas de urbanização, como também em obras de interesse social, alternativa viável e promissora, já adotada por muitas Prefeituras Brasileiras, conforme apresentado na Revisão Bibliográfica realizada. Os resultados obtidos permitem uma contribuição para a redução dos impactos ambientais causados pelos materiais de construção subaproveitados ao final de sua vida útil e redução de custos nas obras públicas
Effect of doped and undoped POMA on the morphology and miscibility of blends with Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)
No full textA consumption-based direct tax for countries in transition from socialism
No full textThis paper suggests a consumption-based direct tax, referred to here as a simplified alternative tax or SAT, as an alternative to the standard income tax for reforming socialist economies (RSEs). The paper consists of seven sections. Section I serves as an introduction. Section II outlines some of the objectives of tax policy in RSEs and some of the constraints on the achievement of those objectives. Section III provides examples of the overwhelming complexity of the income tax. Section IV explains the basic mechanics of the SAT and contrasts the simplicity of the SAT with the complexity of the income tax. Section V describes the economic advantages of the SAT and section VI discusses some potential problems of the SAT. The final section concludes by stating that the SAT encourages saving and investment in a way that is economically neutral and avoids many of the administrative problems of an income tax.Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Public Sector Economics&Finance,Banks&Banking Reform,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism
The Phonological System of Portuguese: a Reappraisal
No full textProblems identified in the study and analysis of the phonology of Brazilian Indian languages belonging to the Macro-Jê branch such as Kaingang, Maxakali, and Mebengokre led the author to confirm the accuracy of some intuitions on the part of Piggott (1992) and Rice (1993) on dealing with relations between nasality and sonorancy (D'Angelis 1998). The applicability of the approach to the distinct processes of nasality and nasalization in Portuguese was verified with surprising results that recover some intuitions of Trubetzkoy (1939) and contribute to reconfirm the Mattoso Câmara's (1953; 1970) considerations, but at the same time go beyond them. This article presents the result of this investigation and its conclusions that suggest the validity and the necessity of reexamining even the phonemic inventory of the Portuguese language, an issue not at all questioned in the teaching of phonology, to take into account the linguistic changes in the phonological system of that language in the last fifty years.O presente artigo propõe uma revisão do 'consenso' em torno da fonologia da língua portuguesa, consenso esse que, partindo de uma leitura simplificadora da clássica análise de Mattoso Câmara Jr, permanece na base das abordagens da fonologia dessa língua que aparecem tanto em manuais como em obras especializadas, mesmo aquelas de corte não-linear ou otimalista. Este artigo busca verificar a possibilidade de aplicação de uma abordagem autossegmental com apoio em uma representação por geometria de traços em uma configuração bastante específica, desenvolvida pelo autor (D'Angelis 1998) a partir de intuições e propostas de Piggott (1992) e Rice (1993) para tratar processos envolvendo nasalidade e soanticidade em línguas indígenas brasileiras. Ao mesmo tempo, o texto recupera intuições de Trubetzkoy, da Fonologia de Praga, inspiradora daquela análise inaugural de Câmara Jr.12
Managing pollution control in Brazil : the potential use of taxes and fines by federal and state governments
No full textThe authors make a case for federal monitoring of state environmental agencies'(SEPAs') performance because of the tradeoff for the states between the need to raise revenue from taxes on local output and the need to limit pollution. They also show that fines and taxes assigned respectively to the federal and state governments can improve firms'compliance and SEPA's performance, and hence environmental quality, without damaging state revenue, and perhaps even improving it. For their analysis, the authors rely on numerical policy simulations based on an analytical framework designed as a multilevel Stackelberg game. This framework reproduces the hierarchical structure of pollution control policies in Brazil, where the federal environmental protection agency relies on SEPAs to ensure that federally defined minimum ambient standards are met locally. The numerical simulations are based on a case study of the food, and the printing and publishing industries.Urban Services to the Poor,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Pollution Management&Control,Health Monitoring&Evaluation
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