309 research outputs found
Land Cover Changes of Maubin Township, Ayeyarwady Region
Get PDF70 Maubin University Research Journal 2020, Vol. 11 Land Cover Changes of Maubin Township, Ayeyarwady Region Kyaw Lwin Oo1, Pyone Pyone Kyi2Abstract Maubin Township is located in the Ayeyarwady delta, occupying southeastern part of Ayeyarwady Region. Maubin Bridge was opened on 10th February 1998. After the construction of Maubin Bridge, road transportation emerged and rapidly changed. As transportation improvement made the growth of population and residential area was extended the consequences of population growth affect on the land use patterns of Maubin. The location of this township is favorable for fish culture development. Maubin Township has an area of 1334.8 square kilometres (515.18 sq miles), comprising three main parts
A study to upgrade the lifestyle of fishermen community in Myanmar
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2010masterpublishedby Pyone Mo Ei
A Study on Students' Perception on Undergraduate Course of Nationalities Youth Resource Development Degree College, Yangon (Shwin Kyi Pyone, 2025)
Get PDFThis study explores the educational services and youth development initiatives
at the Nationalities Youth Resource Development Degree College (NYRDDC) in
Yangon, focusing on student perceptions of the undergraduate academic courses and
satisfaction with extracurricular activities and special co-curricular subjects. The study
uses random sampling and interviews to gather data from 350 students across B.A.,
B.Sc., and A.G.T.I. Diploma programs for the 2024-2025 AY. The survey analysis
revealed a generally positive perception of course content and curriculum, with students
valuing relevance, clarity, and inclusion of co-curricular subjects. However, areas for
improvement include aligning the curriculum more closely with individual student
goals and the need to adjust extracurricular activities for educational needs
A Numerical Simulation Study of Data-driven Pole Placement
Get PDF金沢大学博士（工学）博士論文 要旨Abstract/本文Full 以下に掲載：Intelligent Control and Automation 8(3) pp.139-153 2017. Scientific Research Publishing. 共著者：Pyone Ei Ei Shwe, Shigeru Yamamotodoctoral thesi
Het voorkomen, schadepotentiëel en duurzaam beheer van de rijst wortelknobbelnematode Meloidogyne graminicola op laag- en hoogland rijst in Myanmar
No full textRice cultivation is the major source of food and cash income for many small-scale farmers in Myanmar, and the most important agricultural crop of the country. It is followed by oilseed crops and pulses ranking second and third most important, respectively. Due to the high diversity of agro-climatic conditions in Myanmar, rice is cultivated in different cropping sequences using suitable cultivation practices under different agro-ecosystems. The rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is an important soil-borne pathogen of rice and can cause a varying degree of yield losses under different agro-ecosystems in South and Southeast Asia. However, no detailed information is presently available on the occurrence of M. graminicola in rice-based production systems under different agro-ecosystems of Myanmar along with the damage and yield losses this nematode can cause.Therefore, in the 1st part of our study (Chapter 2), two surveys were carried out during 2009. The first survey was during the dry summer season (mid-January to mid-May) in 450 rice fields from ten regions representing the summer-irrigated lowland rice ecosystem in the lower Ayeyarwady River Delta area of Myanmar. The second survey was during the rainy (monsoon) season (mid-May to mid-October) in 102 rice fields from three regions representing the rainfed upland rice ecosystem in the northern hilly area of Myanmar. The two surveys revealed that M. graminicola is unquestionably a major pathogen of the summer-irrigated lowland rice ecosystem in Myanmar. Meloidogyne graminicola was found in 78% of 450 summer-irrigated lowland rice fields but only 9% of 102 rainfed upland rice fields. The practice of delayed irrigation and intermittent flooding is the most commonly used practice in the summer-irrigated lowland rice growing area while rainfed upland rice is cultivated in a 2-year rotation system in the northern hilly area. In lowland rice, M. graminicola was found in 87% of the delayed irrigated rice fields and 45% of the early irrigated rice fields. The rice root nematode Hirschmanniella oyzae was detected in only 15% of the summer-irrigated lowland rice fields.In the 2nd part of our study (Chapter 3), a study was undertaken from December 2009 until December 2010 in the Ayeyarwady River Delta area, the major lowland rice producing area of Myanmar, to monitor the population dynamics of M. graminicola and H. oryzae in a naturally infested field. Root samples were obtained from two rice varieties, Yatanartoe and Taungpyang, that are commonly cultivated in double rice cropping sequences in Myanmar and that represent a summer-irrigated and a rainfed lowland rice variety, respectively. The results of this study illustrated the remarkable influence of the long rice growing season on the occurrence of these two important rice nematodes. Meloidogyne graminicola could build up high population densities and induce root galling only during the summer-irrigated rice growing season while H. oryzae could build up high population densities only during the monsoon rice growing season. During the summer-irrigated rice growing season the root population density of second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. graminicola showed two distinct peaks: at the maximum tillering stage of the rice plants (10,056 J2/g roots) in January and at the heading stage of the rice plants (13,923 J2/g roots) in March 2010. During the rainfed monsoon rice growing season, the root population density of H. oryzae juveniles and adults showed also two distinct peaks: at the maximum tillering stage of the rice plants (176/g roots) in August and at the heading stage of the rice plants (280 H. oryzae/g roots) in October 2010. In the 3rd part of our study (Chapter 4), the host response to M. graminicola infection of 15 lowland rice varieties and nine upland rice varieties, which are commonly being grown in the summer-irrigated lowland and rainfed upland rice ecosystems in Myanmar, were evaluated in two experiments under screenhouse conditions. The lowland rice experiment was carried out under intermittently flooded conditions in a clay loam soil (i.e. simulating the summer-irrigated lowland rice ecosystem) and the upland rice experiment was carried out at field capacity in a sandy loam soil (i.e. simulating the monsoon rainfed upland rice ecosystem). Based on the multiplication factors (Mf eggs) at 8 weeks after inoculation (WAI), none of the 15 lowland and nine upland rice varieties were found to be resistant to M. graminicola infection although differences in susceptibility and sensitivity were observed. Six (or 40%) out of the 15 lowland varieties examined were classified as less susceptible to M. graminicola infection, five (or 33.3%) as moderately susceptible while four (or 26.7%) as highly susceptible. One (or 11.1%) out of the nine upland varieties examined was classified as less susceptible to M. graminicola infection, three (or 33.3%) as moderately susceptible while five (or 55.6%) as highly susceptible. Five (or 33.3%) out of the 15 lowland varieties examined were classified as either less sensitive or tolerant to M. graminicola infection. One (or 11.1%) out of the nine upland varieties examined was classified as tolerant to M. graminicola infection based on plant growth variables at 8 WAI. In the 4th part of our study (Chapter 5), the damage potential and yield loss of M. graminicola infection was investigated on 15 lowland rice varieties under screenhouse conditions and in a naturally-infested farmers field in the Ayeyarwady River Delta area and on nine upland rice varieties under screenhouse conditions. The lowland rice varieties were intermittently flooded in a clay loam soil and the upland rice varieties were maintained at field capacity in a sandy loam soil. The results of these studies confirm that M. graminicola is potentially a very important constraint for rice production in Myanmar. In the screenhouse and the field experiment it reduced the yield of 15 commonly cultivated lowland rice varieties on average with 31.1 and 16.5%, respectively. In the screenhouse experiment with nine commonly cultivated upland rice varieties it caused a 44.9% yield reduction. All rice varieties examined, except one upland variety (Khaukphephan), were highly sensitive to M. graminicola. This part of our study also confirms the results of the host response study in Chapter 4 that upland rice varieties are more susceptible and sensitive to M. graminicola compared with lowland rice varieties.In the 5th part of our study (Chapter 6), two screenhouse experiments were carried out. The first to evaluate the effects of three water regimes (permanent flooding, intermittent flooding, upland) on the damage and yield loss potential of M. graminicola on a commonly cultivated lowland (Thihtatyin) and upland (Kone Myint 2) rice variety in two soil types (clay loam and sandy loam). The second to evaluate the effects of two irrigation (early irrigation and delayed irrigation) and two planting (direct seeding and transplanting) practices on the damage and yield loss potential of M. graminicola on two commonly cultivated lowland rice varieties (Thihtatyin and Yatanartoe). In the first experiment, no significant effects were observed of any of the water regimes on the population densities of M. graminicola of both rice varieties in both soil types with exception of the higher number of J2/g roots of the variety Kone Myint 2 under upland conditions compared with permanent flooding (11,013 vs 2,336 J2/g roots) in the sandy loam soil. Based on the multiplication factors (Mf eggs ), the effect of water regime on the population density of M. graminicola is influenced by the soil type in which the rice plants are grown but this effect can vary among rice varieties. Less root galling severity was observed under permanent flooding in both soil types (clay loam and sandy loam). Tolerance of both rice varieties was observed under permanent flooding in the clay loam soil. However, the grain yield of the variety Kone Myint 2 was reduced by M. graminicola in the sandy loam soil under all water regimes including permanent flooding (38.7%). Under intermittent flooding, grain yield reduction was 21.9% on the variety Thihtatyin and 45.2% on the variety Kone Myint 2 in the clay loam soil while grain yield reductions higher than 70% on both varieties were observed in the sandy loam soil. Under upland conditions, grain yield reduction was 24.1% for the variety Thihtatyin and 57.9% for the variety Kone Myint 2 in the clay loam soil while grain yield reductions higher than 90% were observed on both varieties in the sandy loam soil.In the second experiment, both rice varieties were less susceptible in direct seeded rice that had been early irrigated. For both varieties, the highest Mf eggs were observed in transplanted plants that had been delayedirrigated. For both varieties, the highest number of J2 and eggs per root unit and per root system, and on Mf eggs were observed in transplanted plants compared with direct seeded plants irrespective of irrigation practice. The highest root galling index (7.4) was observed on transplanted delayed irrigated plants of the variety Thihtatyin while the lowest root galling index (1.8) was observed on direct seeded early irrigated plants of the variety Yatanartoe. Reduction in most of the plant growth and yield variables measured caused by M. graminicola was observed in transplanted plants of both rice varieties grown under delayed irrigation. Tolerance of both rice varieties was observed in direct seeded rice that had been early irrigated. The variety Yatanartoe was more tolerant than the variety Thihtatyin. For the variety Yatanartoe, grain yield loss caused by M. graminicola was observed only in transplanted rice that had been delayed irrigated (30.8%). For the variety Thihtatyin, grain yield loss was observed in both direct seeded rice and transplanted rice (40 and 37%, respectively) under delayed irrigation and in transplanted rice (41.3%) under early irrigation.In the 6th part of our study (Chapter 7), screenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the response to M. gramnicola infection of 27 varieties belonging to 14 crops (blackgram, cabbage, cauliflower, chickpea, cowpea, garlic, ginger, greengram, groundnut, maize, potato, sesame, soybean, sunflower) which are grown in rotation with rice in both lowland and upland rice-based ecosystems in Myanmar. Our observations indicate that all 27 varieties belonging to 14 crops examined except chickpea variety Yezin 4 were poor or non-hosts of M. graminicola.In the 7th and last part of our study (Chapter 7), a microplot experiment was carried out under natural lowland rice field conditions to evaluate the effect of different rice-based crop rotation sequences on the population densities of M. graminicola and on the yield of rice. Ten treatments of cropping sequences were grown in four successive growing seasons: continuous growing of the susceptible rice variety Thihtatyin (rice-rice-rice-rice), four treatments of 1-season crop rotation sequences (rice-rice-chickpea-rice, rice-rice-blackgram-rice, rice-rice-soybean-rice, rice-rice-cowpea-rice), five treatments of 2-season crop rotation sequences (groundnut-rice-chickpea-rice, greengram-rice-balackgram-rice, cowpea-rice-soybean-rice, sesame-rice-cowpea-rice, sunflower-rice-sesame-rice). In the 2nd season, the susceptible rice variety Thihtatyin was cultivated in all cropping sequences since rice is the only crop which can be grown under flooding during the rainy season. At the harvest of the summer-irrigated rice variety Thihtatyin in the (last) 4th season, the soil and root population densities of M. graminicola recovered from the rice plants and the nematode multiplication factors in the soil (Mf soil) in the continuous rice cropping sequence was the highestamong the ten cropping sequences. The lowest Mf soil was observed in the 2-season crop rotation sequence sunflower-rice-sesame-rice (5.9) and the highest Mf soil was observed in the 1-season crop rotation sequence rice-rice-cowpea-rice (38.2) among the nine crop rotation sequences while Mf soil in the continuous rice cropping sequence was 61.5. The root galling indices caused by M. graminicola on the roots of rice plants in the continuous rice cropping sequence were significantly higher than those of the 2-season crop rotation sequences. However, no significant difference was observed with the 1-season crop rotation sequences. All the plant growth and yield variables except % filled grain/plant and number of filled grains/panicle of summer-irrigated rice in the continuous rice cropping sequence were the lowest among the ten cropping sequences. The highest summer-rice yield (> 5 t/ha) was obtained in the 2-season crop rotation sequences greengram-rice-blackgram-rice, sesame-rice-cowpea-rice and sunflower-rice-sesame-rice, which were about 2 times higher compared with the 1-season crop rotation sequences rice-rice-blackgram-rice and rice-rice-chickpea-rice (2.7 and 2.6 t/ha, respectively), and about 3 times higher compared with the continuous rice cropping sequence (1.7 t/ha).status: Publishe
The Australian Seasonal Worker Program: A Cross-Cultural Perspective
Get PDFIn this In-Brief, Pyone Myat Thu and Roannie Ng Shiu argue that cultural awareness training has the potential to boost productivity in the Australian Seasonal Worker Program, as working relationships between employer and employee are harmonised.
This In-Brief is based on research conducted in preparation for the cultural awareness training package delivered at the Inaugural Seasonal Worker Program Conference held in July 2012.AusAI
Language learning and teaching and the formation of democratic awareness: the challenge of the European language policies
No full textPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF MYANMAR INDO BEST COMPANY LIMITED ( Aye Aye Pyone, 2019)
Get PDFThe objective of the study is to analyze the non-financial and financial performance management of Myanmar Indo Best Company Limited. It is measured using a balanced scorecard approach with customer satisfaction, a learning and growth perspective, an internal business process perspective and a financial perspective. In this research, primary data is collected from the business clients and responsible persons from Yangon area of Myanmar Indo Best Company Limited by conducting interviews and questionnaires. Secondary data is collected from relevant text books, previous research paper, the Internet, website and the company’s four-years annual reports.
The results of the non-financial performance which according to the finding from the customer satisfaction survey, show that the majority of respondents were satisfied with product factors. The level of customer satisfaction on pricing with the quote is lower than the level of product satisfaction. There are many areas for improvement in performance management, among which software systems cannot yet be properly implemented. The results of the financial indicator showed that the overall results of the company are satisfaction and beneficial with a high profitability ratio, high return on assets, use of assets, and liquidity ratio. The rate of return is the best than others. Therefore, the company should keep maintaining their existing performance and set a proper idea or plan to improve the company's scale up performance towards the long-term sustainability
Biological control of clover cyst nematode Heterodera trifolii : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Science (Plant Pathology) at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Get PDFHeterodera trifolii is one of the most damaging pests in New Zealand pastures and the aim of this work was to study the potential use of 'biological control' as an alternative strategy to the use of chemicals. Natural enemies, especially fungi, isolated from H. trifolii were the main organisms investigated for control of H. trifolii in this study. As a first step, more information was required on population dynamics of this nematode species in pasture soil and the possible causes of its population peaks and troughs. Soil cores were taken at fortnightly intervals from a permanent white clover/ryegrass pasture at AgResearch, Palmerston North, New Zealand, from March 1999 to March 2001 and numbers of second stage juveniles (J2), adult females and cyst stages of H. trifolii were recorded together with those of other soil nematodes. Emergence of J2 peaked in winter in both 1999 and 2000, and appeared to follow root growth, which in turn reflected soil moisture levels. Young cysts and mature females were assessed for parasitism by fungi and such fungi were isolated into pure culture as a first stage in assessing their biological control potential. Fungal genera such as Verticillium, Fusarium, Gliocladium, Paecilomyces, and Trichoderma were assessed for their pathogenicity to white clover seedlings Trifolium repens on 1.0% water agar in vitro then in sand in pots. As these fungal isolates were not pathogenic to the T. repens plants in pots, some, such as species of Fusarium, Gliocladium, and Verticillium were tested for their potential parasitism on H. trifolii in pots of sand with a view to assessing their use as biological control agents. Oatmeal was one substrate on which fungi were grown but it caused poor growth of T. repens. On the basis of these experiments, only isolate Vc6 (a Verticillium chlamydosporium isolate) consistently reduced the numbers of H. trifolii and was selected for further experiment. Vc6 was grown on a range of media such as alginate beads, bran culture alginate beads, potato dextrose broth culture alginate beads, dry soil inoculum and wheat flour/sand inoculum and it was assessed for its potential pathogenicity to H. trifolii females and cysts. Vc6 grown on alginate beads containing wheat bran significantly reduced the numbers of females and of cysts and it increased plant growth of T. repens. There were more than 100 V. chlamydosporium isolates from the two-year study so there was a need to screen the isolates for biocontrol activity as they varied in the production of chlamydospores from which eggs of adult females are parasitised. For screening experiments, clover cyst nematode was successfully cultured on 0.5% Hoagland & Knop's agar monoxenically using J2 surface-sterilised with 0.5% Hibitane in a watch glass. A number of V. chlamydosporium isolates obtained from young cysts and females of H. trifolii in the two-year field study were screened for pathogenicity to H. trifolii in monoxenic culture using T. repens seedlings on 0.5% Hoagland & Knop's agar, and in sand in pipette tips in vitro. Females of H. trifolii developed in some of the V. chlamydosporium isolate treatments and it was concluded that there were some variations in their pathogenicity to H. trifolii in the in vitro tests. In addition to screening the isolates for their parasitism to H. trifolii in vitro, variation among the isolates was investigated at the molecular level using the RAPD PCR-based technique. Cluster analysis of 10 V. chlamydosporium isolates using RAPD PCR data showed that isolate Vc6 consistently differed from other V. chlamydosporium isolates tested
sj-doc-1-gph-10.1177_2333794X211060971 – Supplemental material for Social Determinants of Health Screening at Well Child Visits: A Pilot Program Implemented During the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-1-gph-10.1177_2333794X211060971 for Social Determinants of Health Screening at Well Child Visits: A Pilot Program Implemented During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Pyone David, Nadia K. Qureshi, Lina Ha, Vera Goldberg, Erin McCune, Jennifer Wojtowicz, Katlyn Sullivan, Garry Sigman and Julie C. O’Keefe in Global Pediatric Health</p
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