1,721,040 research outputs found
The Evolution of Concentrated Ownership in India Broad patterns and a History of the Indian Software Industry
Get PDFAs in many countries (Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Italy, Sweden), concentrated ownership is a ubiquitous feature of the Indian private sector over the past seven decades. Yet, unlike in most countries, the identity of the primary families responsible for the concentrated ownership changes dramatically over time, perhaps even more than it does in the U.S. during the same time period. It does not appear that concentrated ownership in India is entirely associated with the ills that the literature has recently ascribed to concentrated ownership in emerging markets. If the concentrated owners are not exclusively, or even primarily, engaged in rent-seeking and entry-deterring behavior, concentrated ownership may not be inimical to competition. Indeed, as a response to competition, we argue that at least some Indian families the concentrated owners in question have consistently tried to use their business group structures to launch new ventures. In the process they have either failed hence the turnover in identity or reinvented themselves. Thus concentrated ownership is a result, rather than a cause, of inefficiencies in capital markets. Even in the low capital-intensity, relatively unregulated setting of the Indian software industry, we find that concentrated ownership persists in a privately successful and socially useful way. Since this setting is the least hospitable to the existence of concentrated ownership, we interpret our findings as a lower bound on the persistence of concentrated ownership in the economy at large.
The Benefits and Costs of Group Affiliation: Evidence from East Asia
Get PDFbusiness group, group affiliation, East Asian corporations
คว้าชัยชนะในตลาดเกิดใหม่ (Winning in Emerging Markets)
Get PDFหนังสือ “คว้าชัยชนะในตลาดเกิดใหม่ (Winning in Emerging Markets)” เขียนโดย Tarun Khanna and Krishna Palepu นำเสนอกรอบแนวคิดในทางปฏิบัติสำหรับวางแผนกลยุทธ์ในตลาดเกิดใหม่ (Emerging markets)ตั้งแต่ช่วงทศวรรษ 1990 ประเทศกำลังพัฒนาเป็นตลาดสินค้าและบริการที่มีอัตราการเติบโตอย่างรวดเร็วมาก บรรษัทข้ามชาติหลายแห่งใช้กลยุทธ์ต้นทุนต่ำ (Low cost strategies) ด้วยการตั้งโรงงานการผลิตและศูนย์บริการในตลาดเกิดใหม่ซึ่งมีต้นทุนแรงงานไม่สูงมากนักเมื่อเทียบกับประเทศอื่นๆ หากบรรษัทข้ามชาติที่เข้าไปลงทุนในตลาดเกิดใหม่และยังคงใช้โมเดลธุรกิจ ในแบบเดิม อาจทำให้ประสบกับความล้มเหลวได้ หนังสือเล่มนี้แบ่งออกเป็น 2 ส่วน คือ Part I (บทที่ 1 – 2) อธิบายความหมายของความแตกต่างระหว่างตลาดเกิดใหม่ (Emerging markets) และตลาดประเทศพัฒนาแล้ว (Developed markets), Part II (บทที่ 3 – 6) จะเป็นการนำแนวคิดมาวิเคราะห์และยกตัวอย่างกรณีศึกษาการทำธุรกิจในตลาดเกิดใหม่ และบทที่ 7 เป็นบทสรุปและแนวโน้มงานวิจัยในอนาค
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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