63 research outputs found
Social Emotional Competence – too much or too little
No full textWhen we measure social competence, the scores indicate that a person can become
better and better just as in other school subjects such as history or geography. In general,
these scores also give an actual picture of the status and/or progress of the person’s
social competence. However, it might be preferable to portray many of the dimensions
of social competence as a continuum where the optimal level could be in the middle
rather than at one of the ends. That is to say, social initiatives could take place too often
or too seldom, or a person could take others’ needs into consideration too little, but also
too much, to the detriment of his or her own needs. This implies that the overall purpose
in a training social and emotional learning program might at the same time involve
training some participants to do less of something and others to do more. The present
article reflects on different continua involved in social competence training and suggests
that the facilitator needs to analyse the needs of each of the participants in a group and
adapt the training program accordingly. The implications for conducting a program,
composition of programs and for the training of facilitators are also discussed
Reducing behaviour problems in young people through social competence programmes.
No full textThere is a relatively strong relationship between the concepts of behavioural problems and social competence, in that social competence is regarded as one of the most important protective factors in the prevention of behavioural problems. This paper argues that the concept of social competence should include social skills, social practice and empathic understanding. It identifies the components that form part of an effective social competence programme, including enhancing an understanding of social situations, increasing the generation of adequate social skills, improving the management of provocations which may lead to uncontrolled anger, and developing empathic understanding. The evidence also suggests that effective social competence programmes for children and young people should be multi modal and consist of mixed groups of pupils with and without difficulties. The paper concludes with a brief description of Aggression Replacement Training as an example of a programme which follows the recommended guidelines
Sosial persepsjons trening. Manual for trenerkurs
No full textDenne manualen er dels en oversettelse og tilpasning av Gundersen, moynahan og Strømgrens upubliserte kapitel i den nye Prepare-boka og dels noen erfaringer med programmet fra Rørvika Ungdommsenter, Fauske.
Presis tolking av sosiale situasjoner er kanskje det viktigste elementet for å gjennomføre en vellykket sosial interaksjon. Hvilke stimuli du utleder i en gitt situasjon og hvordan du tolker disse stimuli har direkte betydning for hvilke responser du velger som svar på stimuliene
Efficacy of Aggression Replacement Training among Children from North-West Russia
No full textThe aim of the study was to assess whether the Aggression Replacement Training (ART)
programme is effective in increasing social skills and decreasing problem behaviour. The
sample consisted of 232 children (mean age 10.9 yrs, SD = 2.32), their parents and
teachers. The study had a quasi-experimental design with intervention and control
groups. Children were recruited from six schools and four social institutions from four
regions in North-West Russia from 2010 to 2013. Social skills and externalizing
behaviour were assessed with the Social Skills Rating Scale and analyzed by repeated
measures ANOVA (GLM). In a pre and post-test assessment, the 30-hour ART
programme was associated with a significant increase in social skills when assessed by
children’s self-reports. The most reliable effects of the intervention were demonstrated in
the two age groups of 6-9 and 10-14 years old. When both pre and post-test were
assessed by parents and teachers, children from both the intervention and control groups
demonstrated more social skills and less problem behaviour. Overall results point to a
significant improvement of social skills among children from the intervention groups,
but an improvement in social skills and reduction of problem behaviour have also been
indicated among children from the control group. Findings are discussed in view to
possible diffusion of treatment from children participating in an intervention to children
from control groups
Structure and dynamics of solid tris (Trimethylsilyl) Amine by deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
No full textDeuterium NMR spectra for solid [H-2(9)]tris(trimethylsilyl)amine were recorded at 77 K and in the region 114-353 K. At 77 K there is only fast rotation of the methyl groups. Between 122 and 171 K rotation of the trimethylsilyl groups and of the entire molecule (about its C3 axis) affect the deuterium N M R line shape. Above 180 K both motions are fast ( > 10(5) Hz). There is a phase transition at 227 +/- 2 K. Above 227 K the molecule undergoes a fast precessional motion of increasing effective amplitude until the melting point (343 K). The only dynamic model capable of explaining the spectra at temperatures above 180 K requires the three N-Si bonds to be coplanar.PT: J; CR: ANDERSON DG, 1989, J CHEM SOC DA, P779 ANDERSON DG, 1990, J CHEM SOC DA, P161 BARLOS K, 1978, J MAGN RESON, V31, P363 BLAKE AJ, 1986, J CHEM SOC DA, P91 DAVIS JH, 1976, CHEM PHYS LETT, V42, P390 DAVIS JH, 1991, ISOTOPES PHYSICAL BI, V2, CH2 EBSWORTH EAV, 1987, ACCOUNTS CHEM RES, V20, P295 GRIFFIN RG, 1981, METHOD ENZYMOL, V72, P108 GRUWEL MLH, 1990, Z NATURFORSCH A, V45, P55 GUNDERSEN G, 1984, ACTA CHEM SCAND A, V38, P579 HEYES SJ, 1990, MAGN RESONANCE CHEM, V28, P537 KORFER M, 1989, Z NATURFORSCH A, V44, P1177 LEVY H, 1967, J INORG NUCL CHEM, V29, P1859 LIVANT P, 1983, INORG CHEM, V22, P895 RANKIN DWH, 1969, J CHEM SOC A, P1224 RANKIN DWH, 1987, J CHEM SOC DA, P785 SPIESS HW, 1985, ADV POLYM SCI, V66, P233 WANNAGAT U, 1959, ANGEW CHEM, V71, P574 WRACKMEYER B, 1990, MAGN RESON CHEM, V28, P1066; NR: 19; TC: 1; J9: J CHEM SOC DALTON TRANS; PG: 4; GA: KQ743Source type: Electronic(1
Implementering av ART. Kvalitetssikrende retningslinjer og rutiner
No full textÅ lykkes med implementering av evidensbaserte programmer og få gode resultater av programmet forutsetter både høy program- og implementeringskvalitet. Selv om vi gjennom kurs og andre skriv har gitt tydelige anbefalinger om hvordan et program som ART skal implementeres, så ser vi at det likevel er stor variasjon i hvordan programmet faktisk har blitt gjennomført. Fagfeltet har også etterspurt en mer helhetlig modell for implementering, inkludert kvalitetssikrende retningslinjer og rutiner. Dette er bakgrunnen for at vi nå har utarbeidet implementeringsmodellen som presenteres i denne manualen. Det er i år 10 år siden videreutdanningen i Trening i sosial kompetanse ble startet opp ved Diakonhjemmet Høgskole, og det er erfaringer fra denne perioden vi har innarbeidet i den forskningsbaserte implementeringsmodellen til Fixen et al (2005)
Klassifisering av de ti nasjonale villreinområdene etter kvalitetsnorm for villrein. Første klassifisering – 2022
No full textRolandsen, C.M., Tveraa, T., Gundersen, V., Røed, K.H., Tømmervik, H., Kvie, K., Våge, J., Skarin, A. & Strand, O. 2022. Klassifisering av de ti nasjonale villreinområdene etter kvalitetsnorm for villrein. Første klassifisering – 2022. NINA Rapport 2126. Norsk institutt for naturforskning.
Innledning
Kvalitetsnormen for villrein er et kunnskapssystem som klassifiserer villreinområdene i god (grønn), middels (gul) eller dårlig (rød) kvalitet. Klassifiseringen skal gjennomføres hvert fjerde år. Vurderingene tar utgangspunkt i tre delnormer; 1) bestandsforhold, 2) lavbeite og 3) leveområder og menneskelig påvirkning. Klassifiseringen vil gi tydelige signal om hvilke faktorer som er de største utfordringene for hvert enkelt villreinområde. Målet er at minimum middels kvalitet for det enkelte villreinområde opprettholdes eller nås snarest mulig. På lengre sikt er det også et mål at de nasjonale villreinområdene skal ha god kvalitet. Kvalitetsnormen for villrein ble vedtatt av regjeringen sommeren 2020 Kvalitetsnorm for villrein (Rangifer tarandus) - Lovdata.
Miljødirektoratet har bestemt at de ti nasjonale villreinområdene skal klassifiseres i 2021/22. En nasjonal ekspertgruppe oppnevnt av Klima- og miljødepartementet, og lokale representanter oppnevnt av Miljødirektoratet, har gjennomført klassifiseringen. Medlemmene er personlig oppnevnt og representerer ikke sin arbeidsgiver i dette arbeidet.
Ekspertgruppa skulle 1) gjennomføre klassifisering av hvert enkelt villreinområde i henhold til kvalitetsnorm for villrein, 2) vurdere om datagrunnlaget er godt nok for de enkelte måleparametere, og gi råd om nødvendige forbedringer før neste klassifisering, 3) gi råd om metodeutvikling som kan bidra til mer presis klassifisering og mer effektiv drift av arbeidet med kvalitetsnormen, og 4) gjennomføre påvirkningsanalyser som kan klarlegge årsakene til at et villreinområde ikke oppfyller kravene til middels eller god kvalitet
Miljøkvalitetsnorm for villrein. Forslag fra en ekspertgruppe
No full textKjørstad, M., Bøthun, S. W., Gundersen, V., Holand, Ø., Madslien, K., Mysterud, A., Myren, I. N., Punsvik, T., Røed, K. H., Strand, O., Tveraa, T., Tømmervik, H., Ytrehus, B. & Veiberg, V. (red.). 2017. Miljøkvalitetsnorm for villrein - Forslag fra en ekspertgruppe. – NINA Rapport 1400. 193 s.
Bakgrunn og oppdrag
Miljødirektoratet har etter oppdrag fra Klima- og miljødepartementet (KLD) oppnevnt en uavhengig ekspertgruppe for utvikling av en miljøkvalitetsnorm for villrein. Norge er pålagt et spesielt internasjonalt ansvar for bevaring av villrein. Det overordnede målet er at villreinen, og de 23 ulike delbestandene, forvaltes på en slik måte at internasjonale forpliktelser overholdes, og at nasjonale målsettinger om ivaretagelse av levedyktige bestander innen økologisk fungerende leveområder nås (naturmangfoldloven § 5).
Villreinen er en krevende art å forvalte. Den har en tilpasning til ekstremt vekslende sesongmessige beiteforhold som innebærer en ekstensiv arealbruk. Vinterstid innebærer det beiting på sårbare og seintvoksende lavressurser. Det sesongmessige trekket mellom ulike beiteområder skjer i et fjellandskap der tilgjengelig areal blir stadig mindre og mer oppdelt hovedsakelig pga. økende grad av menneskelige inngrep og forstyrrelser. Forvaltningen av villreinen har derfor hovedsakelig handlet om a) å balansere reinstammen i forhold til de naturlige beiteressurser gjennom bestandsforvaltning og jakt, og b) å sikre villreinen leveområder i konkurranse med infrastruktur og ferdsel gjennom arealforvaltning. Villreinforvaltningen påvirker og påvirkes derfor av energi-, nærings- og infrastrukturutvikling samt nye rekreasjonstrender i bruk av fjellområdene. I tillegg står vi ovenfor nye utfordringer som klimaendringer og utbrudd av sykdommer.
Ekspertgruppa har vurdert kunnskapsgrunnlaget om villrein generelt og for de 23 villreinområdene, samt identifisert måleparametere for tilstand og påvirkningsfaktorer.Kjørstad, M., Bøthun, S. W., Gundersen, V., Holand, Ø., Madslien, K., Mysterud, A., Myren, I. N., Punsvik, T., Røed, K. H., Strand, O., Tveraa, T., Tømmervik, H., Ytrehus, B. & Veiberg, V. (Ed.). 2017. Environmental quality standard for wild reindeer – Suggestions from an expert group. – NINA Report 1400. 193 pp.
Background and assignment
The Norwegian Environment Agency appointed an independent expert group to develop an environmental quality standard for wild reindeer, commissioned by the Ministry of Climate and Environment (KLD). Norway has an international responsibility to conserve wild reindeer. The overall objectives for management of reindeer are to ensure that the species, and its 23 subpopulations, are managed in a way that meet international obligations, and that fulfil national objectives for the conservation of viable populations within ecologically functioning habitats (Naturmang-foldloven § 5).
The wild reindeer is a challenging species to manage. It is adapted to survive in an environment with extremely variable foraging conditions requiring extensive seasonal movements. During winter, reindeer rely on vulnerable and slowly regenerating lichens. The seasonal migrations between foraging areas occur in an alpine landscape where the available area has been reduced and increasingly fragmented, due to an increasing degree of human development and disturbance. Management of reindeer is therefore primarily focused on the need: a) to balance the population size relative to the available foraging resources through adaptive harvest policies, and b) to secure reindeer habitat in competition with human development and disturbance through land use management policies. The management of wild reindeer affects, and is affected by, energy-, and infrastructure development as well as rural economy and new trends in the use of mountain ranges for recreational purposes. In addition, we are faced with new challenges such as climate change and disease outbreaks.
The expert group has assessed the knowledge base of wild reindeer in general, and for each of the 23 Norwegian subpopulations, as well as identified parameters for measuring their current status and impact factors
Symptom burden and self-management in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
No full textHeidi B Bringsvor,1,2 Knut Skaug,1 Eva Langeland,3 Bjørg Frøysland Oftedal,2 Jörg Assmus,4 Doris Gundersen,1 Richard H Osborne,5 Signe Berit Bentsen2 1Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, 2Department of Quality and Health Technology, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, 3Department of Nursing, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 4Center for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; 5Health Systems Improvement Unit, School of Health and Social Development, Centre For Population Health Research, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia Purpose: Self-management is crucial for effective COPD management. This study aimed at identifying associations between self-management and sociodemographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and symptom burden in people with COPD. Patients and methods: In this cross-sectional study with 225 participants diagnosed with COPD grades II–IV, multiple linear regression analysis was conducted, using sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and symptom burden (COPD Assessment Test) as the independent variables and the eight self-management domains of the Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) as the outcome variables. Results: Higher symptom burden was significantly associated with worse scores in all self-management domains (p<0.003), except for self-monitoring and insight (p=0.012). Higher disease severity (p=0.004) and numbers of comorbidities (p<0.001) were associated with more emotional distress, and women scored higher than men on positive and active engagement in life (p=0.001). Higher score in pack-years smoking was associated with lower score in health-directed activities (p=0.006) and self-monitoring and insight (p<0.001), and participation in organized physical training was associated with higher score in health-directed activities (p<0.001). The final models explained 3.7%–31.7% of variance (adjusted R2) across the eight heiQ scales. Conclusion: A notable finding of this study was that higher symptom burden was associated with worse scores in all self-management domains, except for self-monitoring and insight. In addition, sex, disease severity, comorbidity, pack-years smoking, and participation in organized physical training were associated with one or two self-management domains. The study contributes to improved understanding of self-management in COPD. However, the explained variance levels indicate that more research needs to be done to uncover what else explains self-management domains in COPD. Keywords: COPD, Health Education Impact Questionnaire, COPD Assessment Test, self-management, symptoms, chronic diseas
PCB congener 77-induced ultrastructural alterations in the rat liver: a quantitative study
No full textLiver alterations were estimated morphometrically in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats that were fed PCB congener 77 (3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl) in concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 ppm or corn oil in diets for 13 weeks. A dose-dependent increase in the volume of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and an elevation in the volume of mitochondria following administration of the highest congener concentration (10 ppm) were estimated in the female rats. Hepatocytes of the male rats contained a significantly greater baseline volume of both SER and mitochondria compared to that in the females. A statistically significant (P < 0.05) change in the volumes of either SER or mitochondria in the PCB-fed males was not revealed. The authors concluded that the increase in mitochondrial volume was probably a necessary cellular adaptation to meet the heightened energy demands required by the SER to detoxify the PCB. The use of morphometric rather than a descriptive methodology allowed for a better determination of the hepatic alterations induced by PCB 77. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.PT: J; CR: AHLBORG UG, 1994, CHEMOSPHERE, V28, P1049 CHU I, 1995, FUND APPL TOXICOL, V26, P282 CLARKE DW, 1984, CAN J PHYSIOL PHARM, V62, P1253 DEVITO MJ, 1993, FUND APPL TOXICOL, V20, P125 DURHAM SK, 1989, TOXICOL PATHOL, V17, P782 GHADIALLY FN, 1988, ULTRASTRUCT PATHOL, V2, P767 GILLETTE DM, 1987, FUND APPL TOXICOL, V8, P5 GUNDERSEN HJG, 1985, J MICROSC-OXFORD, V138, P127 HANSELL MM, 1974, TOXICOL APPL PHARM, V28, P418 HARRIS C, 1984, ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX, V13, P715 HUFF J, 1994, ANNU REV PHARMACOL, V34, P343 KASZA L, 1978, J ENVIRON PATHOL TOX, V1, P241 KIMBROUGH RD, 1972, ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH, V25, P354 LIN FS, 1979, ARCH ENV CONTAM TOXI, V88, P321 MACLELLAN K, 1994, HISTOL HISTOPATHOL, V9, P453 MACLELLAN K, 1994, HISTOL HISTOPATHOL, V9, P461 MACLELLAN K, 1994, J SUBMICR CYTOL PATH, V26, P279 OKEY AB, 1990, PHARMACOL THERAPEUT, V45, P241 PARKINSON A, 1980, CHEM-BIOL INTERACT, V30, P217 PATTERSON DG, 1994, ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP, V102, P195 PENG J, 1997, TOXICOLOGY, V120, P171 SAFE SH, 1994, CRIT REV TOXICOL, V24, P87 SATO T, 1968, J ELECTRON MICROSC, V17, P158 SCHECTER A, 1984, BANBURY REPORT, V18, P177 SINGH A, 1981, PATHOLOGY, V13, P487 SINGH A, 1996, ULTRASTRUCT PATHOL, V20, P275 SINGH A, 1997, ULTRASTRUCT PATHOL, V21, P143 VOS JG, 1972, TOXICOL APPL PHARM, V23, P563 WASSERMANN D, 1979, TOXICOL EUR RES, V1, P159 WEIBEL ER, 1969, J CELL BIOL, V42, P68 WEISS L, 1988, CELL TISSUE BIOL TXB, P1; NR: 31; TC: 5; J9: TOXICOLOGY; PG: 7; GA: 104FDSource type: Electronic(1
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