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A qualitative study exploring the experiences of nurses delivering Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Full text linkValidering av norsk versjon av «Return-to-Work Self-Efficacy Scale-19» (RTWSE-19) til hjertekirurgiske pasienter
Full text linkBakgrunn: Pasienter i yrkesaktiv alder som gjennomgår åpen hjertekirurgi, vil ha behov for sykmelding i etterkant og kan trenge lang tid på å komme tilbake i jobb. Sykmeldingstiden er i snitt 30 uker. For mange kan sykdommen og påfølgende hjertekirurgi bety slutten på et aktivt arbeidsliv. Å være i arbeid har stor betydning for pasientens livskvalitet og personlige økonomi. Jobbrelatert mestringstro har vist seg å være en viktig indikator for andre pasientgruppers retur til arbeid etter sykdom. Per i dag har vi ikke validerte instrumenter som måler pasienters tro på å mestre jobb etter hjertekirurgi.
Hensikt: Studien hadde til hensikt å validere den norske versjonen av «Return-to-Work SelfEfficacy Scale-19» RTWSE19 blant yrkesaktive hjertekirurgiske pasienter.
Metode: Dataene ble innhentet fra 104 pasienter – 21 kvinner og 83 menn – fra Haukeland universitetssjukehus før åpen hjertekirurgi og tre måneder etter, supplert med tall fra Norsk hjertekirurgiregister. RTWSE19 ble testet for reliabilitet, begrepsvaliditet mot New York Heart Associations NYHA klassifikasjon for funksjonsnivå hos hjertepasienter og samsvarende validitet mot egenvurdert helse. I tillegg testet vi sensitivitet og responsivitet
Resultat: Resultatene viste høy reliabilitet for RTWSE19 blant hjertekirurgiske pasienter, med en Cronbachs alfa på 0,97 før operasjon og 0,98 etter operasjon. Det var en sterk sammenheng mellom RTWSE19-skår og egenvurdert helse. Det var også en signifikant forskjell i jobbmestringstro mellom pasienter med høy og lav NYHA-skår. Receiver Operating Charachteristic-analyse ROC indikerte en arealet under kurven-verdi AUC på 0,64, noe som angir en moderat sensitivitet i utvalget. Endringer i RTWSE19-skår fra før operasjon til tre måneder etter operasjon viste god responsivitet, med en økning i gjennomsnittsskårer som reflekterer pasientenes forbedrede tro på egen evne til å mestre jobbrelaterte utfordringer etter operasjonen.
Konklusjon: RTWSE19 har vist tilfredsstillende validitet og pålitelighet for å måle jobbrelatert mestringstro blant hjertekirurgiske pasienter i Norge. Dette er den første studien som har undersøkt måleegenskapene til RTWSE19 i denne pasientgruppen. Verktøyet kan være et verdifullt hjelpemiddel for sykepleiere i arbeidet med å støtte og følge opp hjertekirurgiske pasienter i å komme tilbake til jobb.publishedVersio
Work readiness among occupational therapy students in the USA: Associations with approaches to studying
Full text linkPrevious studies have looked at the association between study approaches and student grades with a focus on deep, strategic, and surface learning. This study used a cross-sectional design to examine the association between study approaches and students’ feelings of readiness to practice. Thirty-five students in master’s and clinical doctoral programs completed the Work Readiness Scale and the short 18-item version of the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST). Using a linear regression analysis, higher scores on the strategic study approach (β=0.38, p<0.05) and lower scores on the surface study approach (β=-0.44, p<0.05) were associated with higher scores on the Work Readiness Scale. Studying harder (i.e. spending more hours studying) was not related to feeling ready to practice. Rather, studying wisely, meaning using a strategic approach to studying and avoiding using a surface approach, was associated with students’ increased feeling of readiness to practice.publishedVersio
Frihet og vennskap. Om ungdom og rusopplevelser
Full text linkDe fleste norske ungdommer eksperimenterer med alkohol i løpet av tenårene, og det finnes en rekke forskningsbidrag som undersøker sårbarhetsfaktorer for tidlig alkoholdebut eller belyser de negative konsekvensene av ungdomsalkoholbruk. I denne artikkelen tar vi et annet utgangspunkt og utforsker ungdommenes egne historier om alkoholens tiltrekningskraft i denne formative livsfasen. Vi baserer analysene på 145 kvalitative intervju med norske ungdommer og undersøker hvordan ungdommene utrykker positive og meningsfulle sider ved å drikke alkohol. De framhevet hvordan alkohol tilførte noe ekstraordinært til sosiale situasjoner og beskrev kollektive alkoholopplevelser som en positiv time-out fra hverdagslivet. Samtidig ga alkoholopplevelsene rom for at ungdommene kunne utforske og forhandle sin egen identitet og bidro til et alternativt mulighetsrom for slike forhandlinger. Ungdommene beskrev også alkoholen som et sosialt og relasjonelt lim, der opplevelser av fellesskap bidro til å knytte nye vennskapsbånd. Disse fortellingene illustrerer hvilke betydninger alkohol kan ha i ungdommers liv og hvordan alkoholbruk er innvevd i sosiale prosesser som er viktige i overgangen fra barndom til voksent liv.publishedVersio
Just transition and eco-justice: A diaconal approach guiding strategic alliance-building
No full textTwo terms that are included in separate preambular paragraphs to the 2015 ParisAgreement, just transition and eco-justice, are analysed, to understand how theyemerged and how they have implications for strategic alliance building and policy-making. Churches and church-related organisations have to prioritize with whomto cooperate, which relates to which notion of sustainability that is chosen. Thearticle explains two Norwegian decades long cooperations, also identifying themain content of the massive investment programmes in green technology that areunderway in the USA and the EU, that shift considerably the modes of cooperation.The article builds on the practice of diakonia as identified in Called to Transforma-tion. Ecumenical Diakonia by the World Council of Churhes and ACT Alliance,and theological perspectives, asking how they can be tools for alliance building.Specifically, the article identifies two opposing views on nature: instrumental andintrinsic; two opposing understandings of environmental compensation; and tworationales for cooperation in relation to nature: “technology fix” and “nature first”.publishedVersio
Comparison of nursing students’ experiences of learning nursing in Sierra Leone and Norway
Full text linkBackground: Nursing is the backbone of health care systems world-wide however, the entry levels and the level of nursing education varies in different countries. A combination of classroom teaching and skills laboratory, and clinical placements in different parts of health care is the standard of nursing education. With a growing number of nursing students in each class, there are challenges in providing suitable physical structures, availability of placements, and human resources to facilitate good quality education in nursing.
Aim: To explore the similarities and differences between how nursing students experience learning nursing in Sierra Leone and Norway.
Method: A qualitative research design, using thematic analysis was chosen to analyse focus group interviews of students. Nineteen students from Sierra Leone took part in four focus group interviews and six students from Norway took part in two focus groups. Data were collected from November 2022 to January 2023. Lecturers from Sierra Leone and Norway analysed the transcribed interviews together.
Findings: Four main themes evolved through the analysis: 1) culture as the backdrop of the study and how it impacted the learning process, 2) the importance of a conducive learning environment, 3) how students take ownership of their learning, and 4) students longing for inclusion.
Conclusion: Nursing students encountered positive and negative experiences that were similar or different in relation to the country and institution. At VID (V: Vitenskapelig = Scientific, I: International, D: Diaconal) Specialized University, Norway, students owned their learning whilst at COMAHS (College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences), University of Sierra Leone, students depended on lectures for their learning. Students in both institutions longed to be included in their learning both theoretically and in the clinical settings.
Recommendation: Provide continuing education programmes for faculties on student-centred learning, preceptorship and simulation practices.publishedVersio
The bachelor’s thesis in nursing education: A scoping review
Full text linkAim: To explore the existing research literature on the bachelor’s thesis in nursing education.
Background: The bachelor’s thesis is a crucial component of the nursing bachelor program, introduced in response to the Bologna Process. Despite its recognized importance and integration into nursing programs across most EU member states, limited research has been conducted on this topic.
Design: A scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines and the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI).
Methods: The EBSCOhost databases selected for the review included CINAHL, Education Source, MEDLINE and ERIC. The systematic search yielded a total of 1693 references, of which 21 studies were included.
Results: The assessed articles were categorized into five themes: (a) nursing students’ experiences and perspectives; (b) supervision of the bachelor’s thesis; (c) content of bachelor’s thesis; (d) nursing students’ learning outcomes from the bachelor’s thesis; and (e) assessment and evaluation of the bachelor’s thesis.
Conclusions: Findings highlight that, for most students, the thesis project was seen as an important preparatory tool for future professional activities. The relationship with and role of the supervisor were identified as crucial, emphasizing the need for nursing education programs to support both students and supervisors in navigating this complex dynamic. Undertaking a bachelor’s thesis in nursing education also increased students’ interest in and positive attitudes toward research and development. This indicates that the bachelor’s thesis can provide essential knowledge and skills for future nursing practice and care.publishedVersio
The tip of an iceberg? Adult childrens experience with parental suicidal behaviour in childhood
Full text linkPurpose: This study examined how children exposed to parental suicidal behaviour experienced their parents’ suicide attempts, their relationship with their parents, and family life from childhood to adult life.
Methods: This qualitative, exploratory study conducted semi-structured interviews with 11participants recruited from next-of-kin organizations and social media. Open-ended interviews addressed childhood experiences, perceived difficulties, and helpful aspects. Interviews lasted approximately 70 minutes and were recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was utilized to analyse the data.
Results: We identified two main themes: an unstable, unpredictable upbringing environment and a lifelong responsibility. Participants did not regard their parent’s suicide attempt as the most traumatic event of their childhood. Instead, they identified parental instability due to serious mental illness and/or substance abuse as the most stressful factor. This instability imposed significant emotional and practical responsibilities on the children, forcing them to sacrifice their own development and sense of security. Responsibility was characterized as a life lasting burden.
Conclusions: Adult children of parents with suicidal behaviour reported that their parent’s mental illness was the most burdensome aspect of their upbringing, leading to an unstable home with significant responsibilities. These individuals require professional follow-up and should be offered individual counselling sessions as a clinical intervention.publishedVersio
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway
Full text linkThe aims were to study symptom defined post-traumatic stress disorder, self-assessed anxiety and depression, and concerns about COVID19 in Norwegian adults with congenital heart disease compared to the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, the aim was to compare simple vs. complex CHD on these measures.publishedVersio
Use of qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) in an explanatory sequential mixed methods design to explore combinations of family factors that could have an impact on the outcome of a parent training program
Full text linkParent training programs (PT) have consistently been shown to be effective for families with children displaying disruptive behavior problems (DBP). However, not all families seem to benefit equally from these programs and the effects are small to moderate. Several studies have examined single factors that might explain variations in outcomes with inconclusive results, and there seems to be a need for a deeper understanding of complex pattern of factors. This generally requires large sample sizes which might be difficult to obtain. Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) is a method, rarely used in mental health research, that originally was developed for use in research with small and medium sample sizes for understanding and exploring complex real-world situations. The aim of this study was to generate a deeper understanding about combinations of factors that may have an impact on the outcome of PT programs. In addition, we also wanted to introduce QCA in research on mental health interventions and to explore the usefulness of QCA as a bridge between the quantitative and qualitative phases in an explanatory sequential mixed methods study. There were three different pathways, with unique combinations, showing different ways to maintain DBPs after PT and four different combinations of conditions associated with a positive outcome after PT. We also found that QCA was well suited for this type of analysis and that it might be a useful method to generate specific hypothesis that can be tested in future research.publishedVersio