1,721,087 research outputs found
Mathematical naturalism
No full text1 online resource (PDF, page 293-325)Kitcher, Philip. (1988). Mathematical naturalism. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/185653
Explanatory unification and the causal structure of the world
No full text1 online resource (PDF, page 410-505)Kitcher, Philip. (1989). Explanatory unification and the causal structure of the world. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/185687
Toward a Pragmatist Philosophy of Science
Full text linkThis three-part essay begins with a diagnosis of the career of general philosophy of science in the tradition
begun by Hempel’s reform of logical positivism. Since 1950, Anglophone philosophy of science has
largely sought general accounts of confirmation, theory and explanation. It has not found them. Instead it
has assembled some valuable tools for exploring problems in the natural and social sciences, and has put
them to work in a range of useful studies. The second part of the essay pursues the question of whether
there is a successor project to the general investigations that Hempel inspired. I argue that there are difficult
methodological questions about collective inquiry that have largely been neglected. Attempts to answer
these questions should expand the resources for philosophical understanding of scientific knowledge. The
third part focuses on the situation of the sciences within society. Can scientific research be divorced from
the interests of a broader public? Can its conclusions be generated in neglect of the evidential standards accepted
by non-scientists? I argue for a development of the ideal of well-ordered science, and for the understanding
of science (singular!) as one institution among others.
Este ensayo en tres partes comienza con un diagnóstico de la trayectoria de la filosofía general de la ciencia,
tal como se cultiva en la tradición que se origina con la reforma hempeliana del positivismo lógico.
Desde 1950, la filosofía anglófona de la ciencia ha buscado enfoques generales sobre teorías, confirmación
y explicación. Ha reunido, en cambio, algunas herramientas valiosas para explorar problemas en las ciencias
naturales y sociales, aplicándolas en un buen número de estudios útiles. La segunda parte del ensayo se
ocupa de la cuestión de si hay algún proyecto continuador del tipo de investigación general inspirada por
Hempel. Sostengo que se han ignorado algunas cuestiones metodológicas difíciles sobre la investigación colectiva.
Los intentos para responder a estas cuestiones debieran ampliar nuestros recursos para comprender
filósoficamente el conocimiento científico. La tercera parte se ocupa de la la situación de las ciencias en la
sociedad. ¿Puede la investigación científica divorciarse de los intereses del público general? ¿Pueden sus
conclusiones ignorar el tipo de evidencia que aceptan los no científicos? Defiendo un desarrollo del ideal de
una ciencia bien ordenada y una concepción de la ciencia (¡en singular!) como una institución entre otras.
Este enfoque recuperar temas importantes de la olvidada tradición pragmatista
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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