226 research outputs found
KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN KHALIFAH HARUN AR-RASYID SKRIPSI
Get PDFHarun Ar-Rasyid merupakan sosok pemimpin yang berhasil membawa Islam ke masa jayanya, tak terkecuali dalam bidang pendidikan. Kebijakan-kebijakan beliau tentu dapat dijadikan solusi untuk menyelesaikan berbagai masalah dalam dunia pendidikan saat ini.
Sesuai dengan latar belakang tersebut maka permasalahan yang dapat dirumuskan adalah bagaimana kebijakan Khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid dalam bidang pendidikan dan relevansinya terhadap pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kebijakan Khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid dalam bidang pendidikan dan relevansinya terhadap pendidikan di Indonesia saat ini. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan manfaat secara teoretis yakni dapat menambah wawasan dalam sejarah Dinasti Abbasiyah khususnya pada periode Khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid, serta manfaat secara praktis yaitu dapat dijadikan bahan kajian untuk memperkaya khazanah sejarah Islam pada masa kejayaan Islam dan sebagai referensi untuk menentukan kebijakan dalam bidang pendidikan.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah library research (penelitian pustaka). Sumber data primernya adalah buku Tarikh Khulafa, Bangkit dan Runtuhnya Daulah Abbasiyah, History of the Arabs, dan The Great Bait Al-Hikmah, Sumbangan Peradaban Islam Pada Dunia, sedangkan sumber data sekundernya adalah buku-buku lain yang relevan dengan obyek pembahasan kajian ini. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis isi (content analysis).
Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat delapan kebijakan pendidikan yang diterapkan oleh Khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid pada masa keemasan Islam, antara lain: memuliakan guru dan ulama, mendirikan perpustakaan, menerjemahkan buku-buku pengetahuan ke dalam bahasa Arab, memberikan penghargaan kepada siswa berprestasi, menjadikan masjid sebagai pusat pendidikan, melibatkan peran orangtua dalam pendidikan, kurikulum berpusat pada Qur‟an, serta mengutamakan ta‟dib dalam pendidikan. Kedelapan kebijakan tersebut tentu dapat diimplementasikan dalam dunia pendidikan di Indonesia
Perancangan Basis Data Pembelian Penjualan Dan Persediaan Barang Pada Toko Alif
Get PDFAlif Shop is a shop engaged in the sale of men's clothing, which is located on Jalan Wak Dalek Pontianak. In recording purchase transactions, sales, inventory of goods and the recording of the Alif Shop report is still manual, and making that requires a relatively long time. In building a system of purchasing goods, sales of goods, inventory of goods and reports of the Alif Clothing Store the authors use this form of research in the form of case studies and with prototype design methods. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. Research based on recording transactions in sales and recording reports on the Pontianak Alif Shop was built using NetBeans IDE programming language 7.3.1 The database used is MYSQL. The application that the author produces consists of the menu item, customer menu form, supplier menu, sales transaction form, purchase transaction form. With this application can facilitate store employees in the process of finding goods, processing transactions, and making reports.
Clinical and radiographic performance of indirect foraminal decompression with anterior retroperitoneal lumbar approach for interbody fusion (ALIF)
No full textStudy design: Retrospective study Background: Indirect decompression with ALIF allows the restoration of the disk and foraminal height with limited soft tissue damage. However, it does not offer a direct view of the neural structure and a direct intraoperative assessment of the results of the decompression is not possible. For this reason, ALIF is often accompanied by posterior, direct decompression. So far, there is no consensus on the effects of indirect decompression alone for L5-S1 foraminal stenosis. Objective: Evaluation of the clinical and mechanical performance of indirect decompression with anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) in L5-S1 foraminal stenosis. Methods: All patients who underwent ALIF at our institution and had a minimum follow-up of six months were assessed for inclusion. Radiographic parameters (anterior and posterior disc height, foraminal height and surface, L5-S1 angle, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis) and clinical data (Oswestry Disability Index - ODI and Numeric Rating Scale - NRS) before ALIF and at the last follow-up were compared. A regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between radiographic and clinical outcomes. Results: Thirty-four patients were available for the study (55.9% female, mean age 53.4 +/- 11.5 years), mean follow-up was 26.4 +/- 11.1 months. At the last follow-up, a significant increase in foraminal height (14.6 +/- 4.0 vs. 17.9 +/- 3.9 mm, p<0.001), posterior disc height (6.5 +/- 2 vs. 9.1 +/- 2 mm, p<0.001) was observed. ODI and NRS back and leg improved significantly. The NRS leg correlated with foraminal height (r=-0.45), foraminal surface (r=-0.36) and anterior (r=-0.41) and posterior disc height (r=-0.43). Conclusion: ALIF provided significant indirect foraminal decompression and improvement of radicular pain. The increase of foraminal height, surface, and posterior disc height is directly associated with radicular pain improvement. Level of evidence: IV Availability of data and material: The datasets used and/or analyzed in the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
Clinical and radiographic performance of indirect foraminal decompression with anterior retroperitoneal lumbar approach for interbody fusion (ALIF)
No full textAbstract
Study design: Retrospective study BACKGROUND: Indirect decompression with ALIF allows the restoration of the disk and foraminal height with limited soft tissue damage. However, it does not offer a direct view of the neural structure and a direct intraoperative assessment of the results of the decompression is not possible. For this reason, ALIF is often accompanied by posterior, direct decompression. So far, there is no consensus on the effects of indirect decompression alone for L5-S1 foraminal stenosis.
Objective: Evaluation of the clinical and mechanical performance of indirect decompression with anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) in L5-S1 foraminal stenosis.
Methods: All patients who underwent ALIF at our institution and had a minimum follow-up of six months were assessed for inclusion. Radiographic parameters (anterior and posterior disc height, foraminal height and surface, L5-S1 angle, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt and lumbar lordosis) and clinical data (Oswestry Disability Index - ODI and Numeric Rating Scale - NRS) before ALIF and at the last follow-up were compared. A regression analysis was performed to investigate the correlation between radiographic and clinical outcomes.
Results: Thirty-four patients were available for the study (55.9% female, mean age 53.4±11.5 years), mean follow-up was 26.4±11.1 months. At the last follow-up, a significant increase in foraminal height (14.6±4.0 vs. 17.9±3.9 mm, p<0.001), posterior disc height (6.5±2 vs. 9.1±2 mm, p<0.001) was observed. ODI and NRS back and leg improved significantly. The NRS leg correlated with foraminal height (r=-0.45), foraminal surface (r=-0.36) and anterior (r=-0.41) and posterior disc height (r=-0.43).
Conclusion: ALIF provided significant indirect foraminal decompression and improvement of radicular pain. The increase of foraminal height, surface, and posterior disc height is directly associated with radicular pain improvement.
Level of evidence: IV AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIAL: The datasets used and/or analyzed in the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request
Penafsiran alif lam mim dalam kitab al-futuhat al-makkiyyah karya ibnu ‘arabi (Pendekatan Historis Filosofis)
Get PDFMenurut Ibnu ‘Arabi, kalimat-kalimat dan huruf-huruf dalam al-Qur’an ialah gerbang untuk masuk ke dalam arti tersirat lebih dalam yang dikehendaki Sang Penulis-Nya. Ia mengatakan bahwa hal tersebut dapat diperoleh apabila seorang hamba betul dalam takwa dan ibadahnya, sehingga Tuhan yang akan langsung menurunkan cahaya pemahaman atas kehendak-Nya, bukan hasil daripada akal pikiran, apalagi hawa nafsu. Begitupula saat menghadapi huruf-huruf misterius yang menjadi pembuka surat dalam al-Qur’an seperti Alif La>m Mi>m, mayoritas ulama memilih mengatakan “Allah yang lebih tahu maksudnya”. Sedangkan ia memberikan penjelasan yang rinci pada Alif Lam Mim dalam sebuah kitab yang dapat dikatakan sebagai “Master Piece”-nya, yakni Kitab al-Fut{u>h{a>t al-Makkiyyah. Menurutnya lagi, “tidak ada yang mengetahui ilmu huruf ini kecuali para ahli kasyaf dari jalan kami” (Anbiya’ dan Auliya’). Pernyataannya tersebut sangat menarik untuk dikaji lebih lanjut. Maka, yang menjadi rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini ialah bagaimana penafsiran Ibnu ‘Arabi terhadap Alif La>m Mi>m dalam kitab Al-Fut{u>h{a>t Al-Makkiyah.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah library researh yang bersifat kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan ialah analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan historis-filosofis. Penulis berupaya memberikan gambaran secara sistematis, faktual serta akurat mengenai data-data yang disajikan dari beberapa sumber serta menganalisisnya.
Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam kitabnya al-Fut{u>h{a>t al-Makkiyyah mengenai Alif La>m Mi>m, Ibnu ‘Arabi menafsirkan Alif sebagai isyarat tauhid, jalan yang lurus (penyucian dan tauhid) dan simbol daripada Dzat Allah. Sedangkan La>m, ia artikan sebagai penghubung antara Alif dan Mi>m, perlambang akan Al-Qudrah (kuasa) Allah dan sebagai simbol daripada Sifat Allah. Adapun huruf Mi>m, ia artikan sebagai mulk (kekuasaan/kerajaan) Allah swt., simbol makhluk yang menempati “serendah-rendahnya tempat” dan sebagai simbol daripada Af’al (Perbuatan) Allah swt. maupun bekas daripada perbuatan-Nya. Terlihat penafisrannya tersebut termasuk ke dalam kategori penafsiran yang bercorak isyari dan diantaranya ia pun menggunakan munasabah, yakni mengaitkan penafsirannya dengan ayat al-Qur’an dan Hadis. Penafsirannya ini pun tak terlepas dari pengaruh guru pertamanya yakni al-‘Uryabi yang dijumpainya pada masa awal menapaki jalan spiritual. Ia mengamalkan sebuah nasihat dari gurunya sampai kepada maksud, “Tuhan akan berbicara kepadamu tanpa hijab”, hingga ia mengalami pencerahan, terlihat dalam sumpahnya “Demi Allah! tidak ada satu huruf pun yang aku tulis melainkan dari dikte Ilahi”. Pun ditemukan dalam penafsirannya ini tak terlepas dari paham utamanya yakni wahdat al-wujud yang tercium isyaratnya ketika ia menjelaskan alasan sucinya Alif dari harokat ialah simbol sebagaimana Dzat Allah, ada dan tiada sesuatupun bersama-Nya.
ABSTRACT
According to Ibn 'Arabi, the sentences and letters in the Qur'an are the gateway to entering the deeper implied meaning desired by The Author. He said that this could be obtained if a servant is true in piety and worship, so that God will directly send down the light of understanding of His will, not the result of reason, let alone lust. Likewise, when dealing with mysterious letters that open letters in the Qur'an, such as Alif La>m Mi>m, the majority of scholars prefer to say "God knows better." Meanwhile, he provided a detailed explanation to Alif La>m Mi>m in a book known as his "masterpiece," the al-Futu>ha>t al-Makkiyyah. According to him again, "no one knows this science of letters except the Kasyaf experts from our way" (Anbiya' and Auliya'). His statement is very interesting and deserves to be studied further. So, in this study, the formulation of the problem is how Ibn 'Arabi interpreted Alif La>m Mi>m in the book al-Futu>ha>t al-Makkiyah.
This type of research is qualitative library research. The method used is descriptive analysis with a historical-philosophical approach. The author analyzes and attempts to provide a systematic, factual, and accurate description of the data presented from various sources.
The result of this research is that in his book al-Futu>ha>t al-Makkiyyah regarding Alif La>m Mi>m, Ibn 'Arabi interprets Alif as a sign of monotheism, the straight path (purification and monotheism), and a symbol of God's essence. As for La>m, he interprets it as a link between Alif and Mi>m, symbolizing Allah's Al-Qudrah (power), and as a symbol of Allah's attributes. As for the letter Mi>m, he interprets it as Allah's mulk (power/kingdom), a symbol of a creature that occupies the "lowest place", and as a symbol of Allah's af'al (deeds). nor the evidence of His actions. It can be seen that his interpretation belongs to the category of interpretation with an isyari pattern, and among them he also uses munasabah, namely associating his interpretation with verses of the Qur'an and Hadith. This interpretation was inseparable from the influence of his first teacher, namely al-'Uryabi, whom he met in the early days of walking the spiritual path. She practiced an advice from her teacher to the point, "God will speak to you without the hijab", until she experienced enlightenment, as seen in her oath, "By Allah! There is not a single letter that I write but from Divine dictation". It is also discovered that in his interpretation, this cannot be separated from his main understanding, namely wahdat al-wujd, which can be sensed when he explains why the holy Alif of harokat is a symbol similar to Allah's Essence; there is and there is nothing with Him
ANALISIS VARIABEL FUNDAMENTAL YANG MEMPENGARUHI HARGA SAHAM (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN KELOMPOK INDEKS LQ45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2011-2014)
Get PDFKrisis global yang terjadi pada tahun 2008 di amerika serikat telah berlalu , pada tahun 2011 hingga 2014 perekonomian kembali normal dan harga saham mengalami peningkatan. Faktor eksternal yang awalnya ditakuti yaitu krisis telah berlalu, maka investor lebih fokus memperhatikan faktor internal perusahaan dalam menanamkan sahamnya. Maka investor memerlukan indikator dalam menilai harga saham, namun faktor-faktor fundamental yang sering dijadikan sebagai indikator masih memiliki inkonsistensi. Untuk itu investor membutuhkan faktor-faktor yang akurat dalam menilai harga saham. Penulis memfokuskan penelitian dengan analisis faktor-faktor fundamental yang dianggap mempengaruhi harga saham, yaitu; return on asset, earning per share dan price earning ratio
Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan indeks LQ45 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2011 sampai 2014. Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan diperoleh 23 perusahaan yang disertakan dengan kurun waktu 4 tahun sehingga didapat 92 sampel yang diproses. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi data panel.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa return on asset, earning per share dan price earning ratio secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham. sedangkan secara parsial return on asset dan price earning ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham dan earning per share berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah positif terhadap harga saham
Variasi Ukuran Morfologi Cangkang Moluska Air Tawar Di Empat Situ Sekitar Kampus IPB Dramaga.
No full textSitu atau danau kecil merupakan suatu kumpulan massa air yang relatif
diam dan memiliki kecepatan arus yang lambat. Salah satu organisme akuatik
yang hidup di daerah situ adalah Moluska. Komposisi dan keanekaragaman jenis
Moluska air tawar di situ sudah diteliti namun untuk variasi morfologi cangkang
Moluska belum banyak diteliti terutama di Situ Gede (SG), Situ Panjang (SP),
Situ Burung (SB) dan Situ Layanan Sumberdaya Informasi (SL). Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui variasi ukuran morfologi cangkang gastropoda
dominan dan bivalvia di sistem aliran Situ Gede. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan
bulan Februari dan April 2017 dengan pemilihan 6 titik pengamatan pada setiap
situ dan 1 titik pegamatan pada aliran penghubungnya. Sampel diambil
menggunakan Eckman grab dan diidentifikasi. Moluska air tawar yang ditemukan
di empat situ berjumlah 1126 individu (1098 gastropoda dan 28 bivalvia) yang
terdiri dari 17 spesies yaitu 14 spesies gastropoda dan 3 spesies bivalvia. Rata-rata
ukuran cangkang Moluska terbesar terdapat di SB dan SP sedangkan rata-rata
ukuran cangkang Moluska terkecil terdapat di SG
RETRACTION: Optimization of conditions for the biological treatment of textile dyes using isolated soil bacteria
No full textThe article titled “Optimization of conditions for the biological treatment of textile dyes using isolated soil bacteria” ([version 1; referees: peer review discontinued]. F1000Research 2018, 7:351 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13757.1) by Shafkat Shamim Rahman and colleagues, has been retracted by F1000Research on grounds of misconduct by the first author. Following publication of the article, the editorial team at F1000Research were notified by Romana Siddique, from BRAC University, that the data presented in this paper significantly overlaps with the data in her recently published article : Siddique and Alif; ARRB, 22(5): 1-12, 2018; Article no.ARRB.38637; https://doi.org/10.9734/ARRB/2018/38637. In response to our queries to the authors, the second and last author listed on this article, Fahim Ahmed Alif and M. Mahboob Hossain, have stated that they were not aware of the submission of this article to F1000Research, and did not agree to be authors. We have evidence which confirms their statement. After further investigation by the F1000Research team, and a separate investigation by BRAC University, it has become clear that Shafkat Shamim Rahman was not involved with the research presented in this paper, and that the decision to submit and publish the article was taken independently by him, and not his listed co-authors. BRAC University has confirmed that Shafkat Shamim Rahman is not currently based at their institution.</ns4:p
Kebijakan Pendidikan Khalifah Harun Ar-Rasyid
Get PDFOne of the keys to advancing a nation is education. The future of a nation really needs the contribution of the nation's children who are competitive, superior, intelligent and faithful, given that competition is increasingly high in the global era. Indonesia has several problems in the world of education, starting from the low teacher salaries to high dropout rates, ending with the absence of the Indonesian education system in the list of 20 countries with the best education systems in the world. Islam itself in the field of education had enjoyed periods of glory when the Abbasid dynasty came to power. The fifth caliph's policy, Harun Ar-Rasyid, which at that time concentrated on improving the quality of education, made this period worthy of being dubbed the golden age of Islam (the Islamic Golden Age). The education policy that Ar-Rasyid applied could certainly be a solution to solve various problems that are currently sweeping the world of Indonesian education. This study focuses on the educational policies adopted by Caliph Harun Ar-Rasyid during the golden age of Islam. Through the literature study method, this study confirms that by studying history, all problems that are sweeping the world of education in this country can be resolved, and figures like Ar-Rasyid are the most appropriate to be asked for a solution
α7β1 integrin regulation of skeletal muscle growth in response to mechanical loading
Get PDFThe α7β1 integrin has been proposed to serve as a mechanosensor and essential regulator of myofiber remodeling given its localization at the membrane and primary role in adhering the outer extracellular matrix to the inner actin cytoskeleton. However, additional work is necessary to affirm a primary role for the α7β1 integrin subunit in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass in response to mechanical loading. The purpose of this study was to 1) to utilize an automated computer program (SMASH) to reassess myofiber cross-sectional area in previously collected samples, and 2) to determine the mechanism by which the α7β1 integrin can promote myofiber growth following a mechanical stimulus. Aim 1 used an automated computer program to re- analyze myofiber CSA and confirm a role for the α7β1 integrin in myofiber hypertrophy following chronic mechanical loading. Aim 2 assessed potential mechanisms for integrin-mediated growth in response to chronic mechanical load, including upregulation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) content in skeletal muscle. The results from this study suggest that 1) the use of an automated computed program (SMASH) provides results that are comparable to manual measurement, 2) chronic mechanical loading elicits an increase in fiber splitting that may result in an underestimation of myofiber CSA, and 3) overexpression of the α7 integrin subunit increases baseline YAP content in skeletal muscle, an event that may influence the rate of myofiber hypertrophy in response to load. Future studies will incorporate the SMASH program for assessment of myofiber size while continuing to probe the mechanistic basis for integrin-mediated myofiber growth in response to load.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01The student, Alif Tisha, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-18 at 16:38.The student, Alif Tisha, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-18 at 16:45.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-25 at 15:37.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12348 on 2018-08-31 at 17:29:57Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:47:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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