198 research outputs found
HIV Prevention and Social Desirability: Husband–Wife Discrepancies in Reports of Condom Use
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•Resumen:
Greater use of condoms within marriage would help limit the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Using data from the Malawi Diffusion and Ideational Change Project (MDICP), the authors examined the influence that the fidelity norm and the traditional association between marriage and reproduction have on condom use with a spouse. The sample included 749 married couples. The authors used latent class analysis to estimate a "true," or latent measure of condom use by couples based on the individual reports of husbands and wives and to explore the reasons why individuals tend to misreport their use of condoms. They found that married couples with more children were more likely to use condoms and that having been informed by experts about AIDS prevention at home induced men and women to overreport condom use within marriage in a survey but may not necessarily increase the extent to which condoms are used.Depto. de Sociología AplicadaFac. de EducaciónTRUEpu
An efficient two-parametric family with memory for nonlinear equations
No full textA new two-parametric family of derivative-free iterative methods for solving nonlinear equations is presented. First, a new biparametric family without memory of optimal order four is proposed. The improvement of the convergence rate of this family is obtained by using two self-accelerating parameters. These varying parameters are calculated in each iterative step employing only information from the current and the previous iteration. The corresponding R-order is 7 and the efficiency index 7(1/3) = 1.913. Numerical examples and comparison with some existing derivative-free optimal eighth-order schemes are included to confirm the theoretical results. In addition, the dynamical behavior of the designed method is analyzed and shows the stability of the scheme.The second author wishes to thank the Islamic Azad University, Hamedan Branch, where the paper was written as a part of the research plan, for financial support.Cordero Barbero, A.; Lotfi, T.; Bakhtiari, P.; Torregrosa Sánchez, JR. (2015). An efficient two-parametric family with memory for nonlinear equations. Numerical Algorithms. 68(2):323-335. doi:10.1007/s11075-014-9846-8S323335682Kung, H.T., Traub, J.F.: Optimal order of one-point and multi-point iteration. J. Assoc. Comput. Math. 21, 643–651 (1974)Cordero, A., Hueso, J.L., Martínez, E., Torregrosa, J.R.: A new technique to obtain derivative-free optimal iterative methods for solving nonlinear equation. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 252, 95–102 (2013)Cordero, A., Torregrosa, J.R., Vassileva, M.P.: Pseudocomposition: a technique to design predictor-corrector methods for systems of nonlinear equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 218, 11496–11508 (2012)Džunić, J.: On efficient two-parameter methods for solving nonlinear equations. Numer. Algorithms. 63(3), 549–569 (2013)Džunić, J., Petković, M.S.: On generalized multipoint root-solvers with memory. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 236, 2909–2920 (2012)Petković, M.S., Neta, B., Petković, L.D., Džunić, J. (ed.).: Multipoint methods for solving nonlinear equations. Elsevier (2013)Sharma, J.R., Sharma, R.: A new family of modified Ostrowski’s methods with accelerated eighth order convergence. Numer. Algorithms 54, 445–458 (2010)Soleymani, F., Shateyi, S.: Two optimal eighth-order derivative-free classes of iterative methods. Abstr. Appl. Anal. 2012(318165), 14 (2012). doi: 10.1155/2012/318165Soleymani, F., Sharma, R., Li, X., Tohidi, E.: An optimized derivative-free form of the Potra-Pták methods. Math. Comput. Model. 56, 97–104 (2012)Thukral, R.: Eighth-order iterative methods without derivatives for solving nonlinear equations. ISRN Appl. Math. 2011(693787), 12 (2011). doi: 10.5402/2011/693787Traub, J.F.: Iterative Methods for the Solution of Equations. Prentice Hall, New York (1964)Wang, X., Džunić, J., Zhang, T.: On an efficient family of derivative free three-point methods for solving nonlinear equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 219, 1749–1760 (2012)Zheng, Q., Li, J., Huang, F.: An optimal Steffensen-type family for solving nonlinear equations. Appl. Math. Comput. 217, 9592–9597 (2011)Ortega, J.M., Rheinboldt, W.G. (ed.).: Iterative Solutions of Nonlinear Equations in Several Variables, Ed. Academic Press, New York (1970)Jay, I.O.: A note on Q-order of convergence. BIT Numer. Math. 41, 422–429 (2001)Blanchard, P.: Complex Analytic Dynamics on the Riemann Sphere. Bull. AMS 11(1), 85–141 (1984)Chicharro, F., Cordero, A., Torregrosa, J.R.: Drawing dynamical and parameters planes of iterative families and methods. arXiv: 1307.6705 [math.NA
On the convergence of a damped Newton-like method with modified right hand side vector
No full text[EN] We present a convergence analysis for a damped Newton-like method with modified righthand
side vector in order to approximate a locally unique solution of a nonlinear equation in
a Banach spaces setting. In the special case when the method is defined on Rm, our method
provides computable error estimates based on the initial data. Such estimates were not given
in relevant studies such as. Numerical examples further validating the theoretical results are
also presented in this studyThis research has been supported by Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad MTM2014-52016-C2-{01,02} and partially supported by the Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR, http://www.unir.net), under the Plan Propio de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion [2013-2015]. Research group of the third author: Matematica aplicada al mundo real (MAMUR)Argyros, IK.; Cordero Barbero, A.; Magreñán Ruiz, ÁA.; Torregrosa Sánchez, JR. (2015). On the convergence of a damped Newton-like method with modified right hand side vector. Applied Mathematics and Computation. 266:927-936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2015.05.148S92793626
“The song of Moses and the Lamb” (Rev 15:3-4). Sing and celebrate from the margins of culture
No full text“El canto de Moisés y del Cordero” (Ap 15,3-4) es un buen ejemplo de las herencias que conservan los textos bíblicos de los contextos culturales, sociales, políticos y religiosos en los que fueron compuestos. El autor del Apocalipsis está particularmente interesado en motivar a los lectores a adoptar una perspectiva diferente ante lo que estaban viviendo y a actuar en consecuencia con la misma, que debía nacer de la fe en el Cordero degollado. Ante la propaganda y el terror impuestos por el Imperio Romano, los cristianos tomaron opciones contraculturales. Este canto “fascinante y sugerente” testimonia la capacidad de los cristianos de proclamar que el Cordero ha hecho de todos ellos un nuevo pueblo, el de los vencedores de la Bestia.“The song of Moses and the Lamb” (Rev 15:3-4) is a good example of the legacy preserved in the biblical texts on the cultural, social, political and religious contexts in which they were composed. The author of the Book of Revelation is particularly interested in motivating readers to adopt a different perspective to what they were living and to act accordingly with this new point of view, which should be born of the faith in the slaughtered Lamb. Facing the propaganda and terror imposed by the Roman Empire, Christians took countercultural options. This “fascinating and suggestive” song testifies to the ability of Christians to proclaim that the Lamb has made them all a new people, that of those who have been victorious over the beast
Análise do uso de sinvastatina e arcabouços de PLGA+HA no reparo ósseo de defeitos criados na calota craniana de ratos
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em OdontologiaEste estudo avaliou a resposta tecidual e inflamatória do uso de sinvastatina e arcabouços de PLGA+HA no reparo ósseo de defeitos produzidos na calota craniana de ratos. Um defeito de 5 mm de diâmetro foi criado em cada osso parietal de 180 animais, divididos em 6 grupos: naïve, sham, veículo, arcabouço de PLGA+HA, sinvastatina (4 mg/ml) e a combinação de arcabouço e sinvastatina. As intervenções foram realizadas somente no lado direito e o lado esquerdo serviu como controle. Os animais foram sacrificados nos 1, 7, 15, 30 e 60 dias pós-operatórios para coleta das amostras teciduais. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio de análise de variância ANOVA, seguida pelos testes de Tukey e Bonferroni (p<0,05). A atividade inflamatória foi avaliada nos dias 1, 7 e 15 por meio da dosagem das citocinas TNF? e IL1?. A sinvastatina aumentou, significativamente, os níveis de TNF? no período de 1 dia quando comparado ao grupo naïve (p<0,05). A presença do arcabouço aumentou, significativamente, os níveis de IL1? no período de 1 dia quando comparado aos grupos naïve (p<0,001), sham (p<0,001), veículo (p<0,001), sinvastatina + arcabouço (p<0,001) e, sinvastatina (p<0,01). As análises de 7 e 15 dias mostraram queda nos níveis destas citocinas em todos os grupos. O reparo ósseo foi avaliado por densitometria nas radiografias das amostras de tecido ósseo, observando-se atraso na mineralização nos grupos veículo e sinvastatina nas análises de 15 e 30 dias (p<0,01). Nos demais grupos ocorreu mineralização progressiva a partir do sétimo dia e, aos 60 dias, todos os grupos apresentaram valores de densitometria estatisticamente semelhantes. Não houve diferença estatística em relação a mineralização dos lados direito e esquerdo, exceto entre o grupo sinvastatina + arcabouço do lado direito, com densitometria superior ao lado esquerdo (p<0,001). Conclui-se que o uso da sinvastatina e arcabouços de PLGA+HA, isolados ou associados, não permitiram um melhor reparo ósseo quando comparados aos controles.To evaluate tissue repair and inflammatory responses promoted by simvastatin and PLGA+HA scaffolds in bone defects created in rat calvaria. A 5-mm-diameter defect was created in each parietal bone of 180 animals, divided into 6 groups: naïve, sham, vehicle, PLGA+HA scaffold, simvastatin (4 mg/ml) and the combination of simvastatin and scaffold. All the interventions were done only on the right parietal bone while the left side served as control. Tissue sample collection was performed on postoperative days 1, 7, 15, 30, and 60. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by post-hoc tests (p<0.05). Tissue levels of TNFa and IL1ß were evaluated on days 1, 7 and 15 in order to assess the inflammation status. Simvastatin significantly increased levels of TNFa on day 1 compared to the naïve group (p <0.05). The scaffold group significantly increased the levels of IL1ß on day 1 compared to naïve (p <0.001), sham (p <0.001), vehicle (p <0.001), simvastatin + scaffold (p <0.001), and simvastatin alone (p <0.01) groups. In all groups, at 7 and 15 days, these cytokines showed a decrease in levels. Bone healing was evaluated by densitometry on radiographs of the bone tissue samples, indicating that there was a delay in mineralization in vehicle and simvastatin groups until the 15th and 30th days (p <0.01). From the seventh day on, a progressive mineralization was observed in all other groups while, within 60 days, all groups showed statistically similar values of density. There was no statistical difference between the sides, except between the right side of simvastatin + scaffold, with higher density than the left (p<0.001). It may be concluded that the use of simvastatin and scaffolds of PLGA + HA, alone or in association, did not allow a better bone repair when compared to controls
The Sīmiyā’ in Al-Andalus
No full textSīmiyā’ is an Arabic word that uses to be translated as ‘white magic’ or ‘natural magic’. In fact, the so-called “science of al-Sīmiyā’” is a kind of magic well known in the Arab world since the Middle Ages. In this paper, after a short revision of the different etymologies suggested for this word, we discuss the definitions given to the this magical science by classic authors, namely Šhihāb al-Dīn al-Qarāfī (s. XIII), Ibn Jaldūn (s. XIV) and Hāyŷī Jalīfa (s. XVII), remarking the differences in their definitions.After that, we analyze the meaning, basic concepts and practice of the sīmiyā’ in al-Andalus, as exposed in the book entitled Kanz al-‘ulūm wa-l-durr al-manzūm, written by the sufi author Muhammad b. ‘Alī Ibn Tūmart al-Andalusī (s. XIII- XIV), what lead us to relatesufism with the practice of occult sciences in the Islamic world.</p
Fuerte de Guadalupe: Puebla
No full textLa información de esta miniguía se basa en los trabajos de Enrique Cordero y Torres, Mariano Fernández Echeverría y Veytia, Hugo Leicht, Fausto Marín Tamayo y Miguel Sánchez LamegoEn el lugar donde está construido el Fuerte de Guadalupe se había edificado una ermita, antes de la fundación de la ciudad de Puebla de los Ángeles en 1 531 ; este templo después fue dedicado a San Cristóbal en honor del niño tlaxcalteca que fue martirizado por su padre, debido a su conversión al cristianismo por el fraile Toribio de Benavente, por ello se le empezó a conocer primero como cerro de la ermita y luego como de San Cristóbal, allí pasaban a orar los caminantes que iban rumbo a Tlaxcala y Veracruz. Antes de la construcción del templo de San Francisco esta ermita se usó para la instrucción de indígenas, por lo que recibió el nombre de iglesia "cátedra", misma que fue abandonada cuando los franciscanos construyeron en el atrio de su monasterio la capilla de San Juan Bautista que fue destinada a esta función.</p
Verses, subverses and subversions in contemporary postcolonial poetry : the arts of resistance in the works of Linton Kwesi Johnson and Lesego Rampolokeng
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 136-141).This dissertation seeks to analyse insubordination and resistance manifested in postcolonial and post-apartheid poetry as ways of subverting dominant Western discourses. More specifically, I focus my analysis on textual strategies of resistance in the poetry of Linton Kwesi Johnson and Lesego Rampolokeng. The syncretistic quality in the oeuvres of both poets is related to diaspora, hybridity and crealisation as forms of writ[h]ing against (neo)colonially-based hegemonic discourses. Postcolonial critiques at large will frame this analysis of strategies of domination and resistance, but some discussions from the domain of history, sociology and cultural studies may also enter the debate. In this regard there is a great variety of theories and arguments dealing with the contradictions and incongruities in the question of power relations interconnecting domination and resistance. This study is arranged in three pivotal debates. There is firstly an in-depth discussion of underpinning theories that deal with strategies of domination and resistance in the postcolonial domain This is a threefold task carried out by scrutinising (a) the origins of colonial discourse and its binarist tendencies, (b) the pitfalls of anticolonialist resistance based on dualistic opposites, and (c) the hybrid and insubordinate nature of resistance as an efficient alternative to transcend such binaries. Afterwards I seek to investigate how strategies of diasporic resistance and cultural hybridism employed in the poetry of Linton Kwesi Johnson can contribute to moving away from the limitations of dichotomies and also subvert hegemonic power. And finally, I look at crealisation, mockery and insubordination as strategies of resistance in the postapartheid poetry of Lesego Rampolokeng. Besides that, this project is concerned with the increasing importance of academic studies on postcolonial literatures. The present research aims therefore to analyse postcolonial and post-apartheid poems as strategic techniques to decentre dominant Western rhetoric that tries to naturalise inequalities and injustices in the relations between power holders and the powerless in both local and global contexts
El Palacio de Minería: Ciudad de México
No full textLa información de esta miniguía se basa en los trabajos de los investigadores ingeniero Manuel F. Álvarez, Francisco Arturo Schroeder Cordero, Manuel Rivera Cambas y Vicente Riva Palacio.En sus instalaciones se enseñó lo relativo a la industria de extracción y manufacturación de materiales procedentes de las minas. Por ello, puede afirmarse, esta construcción es producto del auge de la educación y progreso que vivió la Distrito Federal a mediados y finales del siglo XVlll. Sus antecedentes datan de 1773 cuando, por cédula real, se formalizó el gremio de la minería en Nueva España. En 1774los señores Joaquín Velázquez de León y don Juan Lucas de Lessaga, representantes de la minería de Nueva España, propusieron al rey Carlos lll que se enseñara la minería .E|22 de mayo de 1783 se promulgó la ley en cuyo artículo 1º se dispuso la creación del colegio, gue según el artículo 6o. debía tener el título de Real Seminario de Minería. En esta época se impulsó a dos de las más importantes instituciones educativas del momento: La Escuela de Minas y la Academia de Nobles Artes.</p
L-optimal transportation for Ricci flow
No full textWe introduce the notion of L-optimal transportation, and use it to construct a natural monotonic quantity for Ricci flow which includes a selection of other monotonicity results, including some key discoveries of Perelman [13] (both related to entropy and to L-length) and a recent result of McCann and the author [11]
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