158 research outputs found
THE PROPERTISATION OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE: SEEKING A BASIS IN THE SHARIʿAH
Get PDFThis paper seeks to examine the implications of the propertisation of traditional knowledge from the Islamic law point of view. It proceeds on the premise that absence of direct Islamic legal ruling on the subject does not foreclose the chances of evaluating the modern protection policies from the SharÊÑah context. It is argued that certain SharÊÑah principles can be suitably adapted to justify the protection of traditional knowledge and address the needs of its holders. It finds, among others, that the nature of traditional knowledge as oral knowledge transmitted from one generation to another simply illustrates the original perception of knowledge in Islam and is thus qualified to be regarded as such. Further, while all knowledge belongs to Allah, Islam does not preclude the status of man as developer of new utilities for knowledge use. Therefore, holders of traditional knowledge deserve to be accorded recognition and primacy for their contributions to the conservation and sustainable use of the global biodiversity. The paper concludes that there is evidence to support the recognition of traditional knowledge, being a variant of manfaÑah as a form of al-mÉl (property) worthy of protection
Different Faces of Elegy in the Poetry of Adam Zagajewski
No full textThe article analyses Adam Zagajewski’s poems that observe the elegiac convention.While summarizing the existing critical thought on the function of elegia in Zagajewski’s poetry, the author presents his own interpretations of selected works. He proves that the elegiac form, realised in Zagajewski’s work in many different ways, is not just an expression of the poet’s nostalgia for the past. By recalling past events, by remembering his deceased friends, and bymaintaining thememory of the victims of the Holocaust, Zagajewski makes the lyrical hero of his poems the guardian of the past. This remembrance must be allowed to influence the [email protected]ł Filologiczny, Uniwersytet GdańskiBiedrzycki Krzysztof (2008), Poezja i pamięć. O trzech poematach Czesława Miłosza, Zbigniewa Herberta i Adama Zagajewskiego, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.Burkot Stanisław (1977), Spotkania z poezją współczesną, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Szkolne i Pedagogiczne.Czabanowska-Wróbel Anna (2005), Poszukiwanie blasku. O poezji Adama Zagajewskiego, Kraków: Universitas.Doktór Roman (1999), Polska elegia oświeceniowa, Lublin: Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski.Gleń Adrian (2018), Języki rzeczywistości. O twórczości Juliana Kornhausera, Kraków: Polskie Wydawnictwo Muzyczne.Kalwas Piotr Ibrahim (2015), Egipt: haram halal, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Dowody na Istnienie.Klejnocki Jarosław (2002), Bez utopii? Rzecz o poezji Adama Zagajewskiego, Wałbrzych: Ruta.Kuczera-Chachulska Bernadetta (2002), Przemiany form i postaw elegijnych w liryce polskiej XIX wieku, Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego.Lacoue-Labarthe Phillippe (2004), Poezja jako doświadczenie, przeł. J. Margański, Gdańsk: Słowo/Obraz Terytoria.Legeżyńska Anna (1999), Gest pożegnania. Szkice o poetyckiej świadomości elegijno-ironicznej, Poznań: Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne.Piotrowska Henryka (1977), Elegia, w: Słownik literatury polskiego Oświecenia, red. T. Kostkiewiczowa, Wrocław: Ossolineum, s. 93–99.Ritz German (1993), Postmodernizm liryczny albo co przytrafiło się Adamowi Zagajewskiemu w drodze do Lwowa, przeł. A. Nasiłowska, „Teksty Drugie”, nr 1, s. 55–73.Ubertowska Aleksandra (2007), Świadectwo – trauma – głos. Literackie reprezentacje Holocaustu, Kraków: Universitas.Walcott Derek (2015), Elegista, przeł. R. Gorczyńka, w: I cień i światło... O twórczości Adama Zagajewskiego, red. A. Czabanowska-Wróbel, Kraków: Wydawnictwo a5, s. 9–28.Zagajewski Adam (1990), Płótno, Paryż: Zeszyty Literackie.Zagajewski Adam (1991), Dwa miasta, Paryż: Biblioteka Zeszytów Literackich, Kraków: Oficyna Literacka.Zagajewski Adam (1994), Ziemia ognista, Poznań: Wydawnictwo a5.Zagajewski Adam (2003), Powrót, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Znak.Zagajewski Adam (2005), Anteny, Kraków: Wydawnictwo a5.Zagajewski Adam (2009), Niewidzialna ręka, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Znak.Zagajewski Adam (2014), Asymetria, Kraków: Wydawnictwo a5.Zagajewski Adam (2019), Prawdziwe życie, Kraków: Wydawnictwo a5.1926528
Attempting the Difficulties Faced by EFL Students in Using Cohesive Devices in Writing at University Level
No full textAbstract: This study aimed at investigating the difficulties encountered by EFL students in using cohesive devices in writing. The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method for data collection. The researcher used test to collect the data of the study. The researcher gave a test to 40 students of second year English major at University of Bahri 2022 college of Education department of English language. The researcher used SPSS programme to analyze the data, which showed in percentage and numbers of the students. The result obtained confirmed that second year students at university of Bahri have difficulties in using grammatical and lexical cohesive devices in writing. Moreover, the researcher recommended that, English teachers should encourage the students to use different types of cohesive devices in their writing.
Keywords: cohesion, investigation, adopted, encountered and encouragement.
Title: Attempting the Difficulties Faced by EFL Students in Using Cohesive Devices in Writing at University Level
Author: Hajr Hamad Idris Ibrahim, Ishag Adam Hassan Ahmed
International Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research
ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online)
Vol. 10, Issue 3, July 2022 - September 2022
Page No: 304-309
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 19-August-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7009914
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/attempting-the-difficulties-faced-by-efl-students-in-using-cohesive-devices-in-writing-at-university-levelInternational Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research, ISSN 2348-3156 (Print), ISSN 2348-3164 (online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co
Gender and incidence of indirect taxation: Evidence from Uganda
Get PDFSince the 1990's, Uganda system has undergone various reforms. However, both tax policies and reforms have been formulated without clearly indication the channels through which gender impacts on these policies/reforms. Using the national household survey of 2005/06, this paper provided insight into how tax policies and reforms on indirect taxes impact differently on women and men. The incidence rate of tax gender-based household typologies controlled by expenditure quintile brings out interesting findings. The incidence rate of indirect tax is significantly greater on households headed by male compared to their female counterparts regardless of income level. This also holds after controlling for the presence of children. More importantly, the impact on different households typologies is largely influenced by differences in consumption patterns. future tax reforms should take these gender differences in account as a means of improving the social welfare of every Ugandan.Tax policies, Tax reforms, Household expenditures, Ssewanyana, Economic policy research center, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Institutional and Behavioral Economics, Labor and Human Capital,
ANTI-AVOIDANCE LEGISLATIONS: ISSUES & DOUBTS IN THE APPLICATION OF TAX RULES IN NIGERIA
Get PDFFor close to what seems a millennium, tax avoidance activities have plagued global tax jurisprudence especially in Nigeria where legislative and judicial solutions to it have remained illusory. This paper represents an attempt to analyse issues and doubts that trail the application of anti-avoidance provisions in Nigeria
Quantum of quality control in trademark licensing under the Nigerian law
No full textTrademark is comprised of a message about the quality of the goods to which it is connected. Accordingly, the statutory sanction for trademark licensing is circumscribed with the duty on the part of the owner to control quality of the goods of the licensee sold under his mark. The aim of this article is generally to present the weaknesses and challenges of the Nigerian provisions on quality control relating to trademark licensing, and its specific objectives include to ascertain the quantum of quality control required for valid trademark licensing. Specific issues raised in the article include the actual purport of the provisions of the Nigerian Trade Mark Act relating to quality control, whether it is certain and predictable. In particular, the terms ‘relationship’ and ‘control’ by their ordinary meanings present possible interpretive challenges for the courts, registry and practitioners alike. Among the questions to which the article will seek answers is that relating to the nature and types of relationship and control intended by the Act. Based on the assumption that product quality is the focus of the control under the provision, further inquiries about the extent and dimensions of quality and quality control are made through the cases. Relevant provisions in other countries will be examined to identify useful lessons for Nigeria
Measuring equity in health care financing - reflections on (and alternatives to) the World Health Organization's fairness of financing index
Get PDFIn its latest World Health Report, The World Health Organization (WHO) argues that a key dimension of a health system's performance is the fairness of its financing system. The report discusses how policymakers can improve this aspect of performance, proposes an index of fairness, discusses how it should be put into operation, and presents a league table of countries, ranked by fairness with which their health services are financed. The author shows that the WHO index cannot discriminate between health financing systems that are regressive, and those that are progressive - and cannot discriminate between horizontal inequity, and progressiveness, or regressiveness. The index cannot tell policymakers whether it deviates from 1 (complete fairness) because households with similar incomes spend different amounts on health care (horizontal inequity), or because households with different incomes spend different proportions of their income on health care (vertical inequity, given the WHO's interpretation of the ability-to-pay principle) - although the two have different policy implications. With the WHO's index, progressiveness, and regressiveness are both treated as unfair. This makes no sense, because policymakers who may be strongly averse to regressive payments (which worsen income distribution) may in the name of fairness be quite receptive to progressive payments (requiring that the better-off, who may be willing to spend proportionately more on health care, are required to pay proportionately more). The author compares the WHO index with an alternative, and more illuminating approach developed in the income redistribution literature in the early 1990s, and used in the late 1990s, to study the fairness of various OECD health care financing systems. He illustrates the differences between the approaches with an empirical comparison, using data on out-of-pocket payments for health services in Vietnam for 1993 and 1998. This analysis is of some interest in its own right, given the large share of health spending from out-of-pocket payments in Vietnam, and the changes in fees, and drug prices over the 1990s.
The State and Economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThe dataset is obtained from the Mo Ibrahim Index of African Governance and the World Bank World Development Indicators. The author uses the dataset for a study that examines the impact of state capacity oon economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa using Adam Smith's Triumvirate of Peace, easy taxes and a tolerable administration of justice.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV
Hospital cost functions for developing countries
Get PDFThere is extensive literature on hospital cost functions for industrial countries, but very little literature for developing countries. Yet the issues facing policy-makers in all countries are much the same: are hospitals overcapitalized, as is often claimed of U.S. hospitals? Are hospitals inefficient in other respects? Do hospitals vary in efficiency? Are private hospitals more efficient than their public counterparts? Should hospitals specialize or provide a broad range of services? Should costs be reduced by concentrating cases in fewer hospitals? The authors critically survey the techniques available for analyzing hospital costs and review the few hospital cost-function studies undertaken for developing countries. Although the paper is intended primarily for those working in developing countries, the discussion for cost function methodology has broad implications for interpreting econometric cost functions and for examining economies of scale and scope in both developing and industrial countries. The authors survey of econometric techniques is not uncritical. They question, for example, the validity of recent tests of over-capitalization undertaken on American hospitals. They also make general observations about the methods used to investigate economies of scope and economies of scale.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Business in Development,Business Environment,Banks&Banking Reform
Development of the Zimbabwe family planning program
Get PDFFamily planning was introduced in Zimbabwe as a voluntary movement in the 1950s. Volunteers formed a Family Planning Association in the mid-1960s. The government became interested in family planning in the late 1960s after analysis of the 1961 population census. It gave the Family Planning Association an annual grant, allowed contraceptives to be available through Ministry of Health facilities, and allowed nonmedical personnel to initiate and resupply family planning clients with condoms and pills. But before Zimbabwe achieved independence in 1980, family planning was viewed with great suspicion by the black majority, so the program's effectiveness was limited to the urban few. A new era began after independence. The new government took over theFamily Planning Association and changed its outlook completely. Through government and international donor support, the family planning program was restructured and expanded. The number of family planning personnel more than doubled in some units. More service delivery points were set up - particularly in rural areas. And the information, education, and communication and evaluation and research units were established. Through a World Bank-assisted project (with grant funding from Norway and Denmark), the Ministry of Health began strengthening its family planning capabilities. These efforts helped increase the contraceptive prevalence rate from about 14 percent in 1982 to 43 percent in 1988. But the program's growth is beginning to stall. More effort and resources are needed if the program is to grow or even maintain its present status. Particularly important are the following: designing innovative strategies to reach hard-to-reach populations; giving more emphasis to information, education, and communication, especially for men and youths, using multimedia; involving other sectors in the delivery of family planning services; broadening the mix of contraceptive methods (especially promoting long-term and permanent methods); making use of alternative family planning delivery systems, such as the use of depot holders, volunteers, and government extension workers; establishing a national population policy; and considering cost recovery and other measures for self-sustainment and program growth.Agricultural Knowledge&Information Systems,ICT Policy and Strategies,Gender and Health,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Adolescent Health
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