Agora University Editing House: Journals
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VOODOO AND HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN NIGERIA AS IMPEDIMENTS TO EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
Full text linkVoodoo is the major factor that makes human trafficking to thrive in Nigeria. Voodoo is regularly used by traffickers in human trafficking to exert pressure over the victims. The use of voodoo is a form of mental coercion aim at reducing the need to use physical violence. The adverse power exerted over the trafficked victims is so enormous that they dare not disobey the trafficker. In this manner, the Nigerian networks can control their victim from a distance and no additional person is required to supervise them. This paper concludes that the use of voodoo by traffickers impedes effective administration of justice. Voodoo does not allow victims of human trafficking to reveal the identities of the trafficker so that the law enforcement agencies would not arrest and prosecute them
PLDANet: Reasonable Combination of PCA and LDA Convolutional Networks
Full text linkIntegrating deep learning with traditional machine learning methods is an intriguing research direction. For example, PCANet and LDANet adopts Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) to learn convolutional kernels separately. It is not reasonable to adopt LDA to learn filter kernels in each convolutional layer, local features of images from different classes may be similar, such as background areas. Therefore, it is meaningful to adopt LDA to learn filter kernels only when all the patches carry information from the whole image. However, to our knowledge, there are no existing works that study how to combine PCA and LDA to learn convolutional kernels to achieve the best performance. In this paper, we propose the convolutional coverage theory. Furthermore, we propose the PLDANet model which adopts PCA and LDA reasonably in different convolutional layers based on the coverage theory. The experimental study has shown the effectiveness of the proposed PLDANet model
Integration of Fuzzy with Incremental Import Vector Machine for Intrusion Detection
Full text linkIDM design and implementation remain a difficult undertaking and an unsolved research topic. Multi-dimensional irrelevant characteristics and duplicate information are included in the network dataset. To boost the effectiveness of IDM, a novel hybrid model is developed that combines Fuzzy Genetic Algorithms with Increment Import Vector Machines (FGA-I2VM), which works with huge amounts of both normal and aberrant network data with high detecting accuracy and low false alarm rates. The algorithms chosen for IDM in this stage are machine learning algorithms, which learn, find, and adapt patterns to changing situations over time. Pre-processing is the most essential stage in any IDM, and feature selection is utilized for pre-processing, which is the act of picking a collection or subset of relevant features for the purpose of creating a solution model. Information Gain (IG) is utilized in this FGA-I2VM model to pick features from the dataset for I2VM classification. To train the I2VM classifier, FGA uses three sets of operations to produce a new set of inhabitants with distinct patterns: cross over operation, selection, and finally mutation. The new population is then put into the Import Vector Machine, a strong classifier that has been used to solve a wide range of pattern recognition issues. FGA are quick, especially considering their capacity to discover global optima. Another advantage of FGA is their naturally parallel nature of assessing the individuals within a population. As a classifier, I2VM has self-tuning properties that allow patterns to attain global optimums. The FGA-efficacy I2VM model’s is complemented by information gain, which improves speed and detection accuracy while having a low computing cos
Efficient Classification of Satellite Image with Hybrid Approach Using CNN-CA
Full text linkToday, satellite imagery is being utilized to help repair and restore societal issues caused by habitats for a variety of scientific studies. Water resource search, environmental protection simulations, meteorological analysis, and soil class analysis may all benefit from the satellite images. The categorization algorithms were used generally and the most appropriate strategies are also be used for analyzing the Satellite image. There are several normal classification mechanisms, such as optimum likelihood, parallel piping or minimum distance classification that have presented in some other existing technologies. But the traditional classification algorithm has some disadvantages. Convolutional neural network (CNN) classification based on CA was implemented in this article. Using the gray level Satellite image as the target and CNN image classification by the CA’s selfiteration mechanism and eventually explores the efficacy and viability of the proposed method in long-term satellite remote sensing image water body classification. Our findings indicate that the proposed method not only has rapid convergence speed, reliability but can also efficiently classify satellite remote sensing images with long-term sequence and reasonable applicability. The proposed technique acquires an accuracy of 91% which is maximum than conventional methods
Multi-Objective Model to Improve Network Reliability Level under Limited Budget by Considering Selection of Facilities and Total Service Distance in Rescue Operations
Full text linkSudden disasters may damage facilities, transportation networks and other critical infrastructures, delay rescue and bring huge losses. Facility selection and reliable transportation network play an important role in emergency rescue. In this paper, the reliability level between two points in a network is defined from the point of view of minimal edge cut and path, respectively, and the equivalence of these two definitions is proven. Based on this, a multi-objective optimization model is proposed. The first goal of the model is to minimize the total service distance, and the second goal is to maximize the network reliability level. The original model is transformed into a model with three objectives, and the three objectives are combined into one objective by the method of weighting. The model is applied to a case, and the results are analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the model
Information Bottleneck in Deep Learning - A Semiotic Approach
Full text linkThe information bottleneck principle was recently proposed as a theory meant to explain some of the training dynamics of deep neural architectures. Via information plane analysis, patterns start to emerge in this framework, where two phases can be distinguished: fitting and compression. We take a step further and study the behaviour of the spatial entropy characterizing the layers of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in relation to the information bottleneck theory. We observe pattern formations which resemble the information bottleneck fitting and compression phases. From the perspective of semiotics, also known as the study of signs and sign-using behavior, the saliency maps of CNN’s layers exhibit aggregations: signs are aggregated into supersigns and this process is called semiotic superization. Superization can be characterized by a decrease of entropy and interpreted as information concentration. We discuss the information bottleneck principle from the perspective of semiotic superization and discover very interesting analogies related to the informational adaptation of the model. In a practical application, we introduce a modification of the CNN training process: we progressively freeze the layers with small entropy variation of their saliency map representation. Such layers can be stopped earlier from training without a significant impact on the performance (the accuracy) of the network, connecting the entropy evolution through time with the training dynamics of a network
First Responders' Localization and Health Monitoring During Rescue Operations
Full text linkCurrently, first responders’ coordination and decision-making during res-cue, firefighting or police operations is performed via radio/GSM channels with some support of video streaming. In unknown premises, officers have no global situational awareness on operation status, which reduces coordination efficiency and increases decision making mistakes. This paper pro-poses a solution enabling the situational awareness by introducing an integrated operation workflow for actors localization and health monitoring. The solution will provide global situational awareness to both coordinators and actors, thereby increasing efficiency of coordination, reducing mistakes in decision making and diminishing risks of unexpected situations to appear. This will result in faster operation progress, lower number of human casualties and financial losses and, the most important, saved human lives in calamity situations
A Modified Uncertainty Measure of Z-numbers
Full text linkThe Z-number is a more adequate construct for describing real-life information. While considering the uncertainty of the information, it also models the partial reliability of the information. It is a combination of probabilistric restriction and possibilistric restriction. In this paper, we modified the uncertainty measurement of the discrete Z-number and proposed the uncertainty measurement of the continuous Z-number. Some numerical examples are used to illustrate the calculation processes and advantages of the proposed method. An application of journey vehicle selection shows the effectiveness of the proposed uncertainty measurement in determining the weights of criteria
Video Saliency Detection by using an Enhance Methodology Involving a Combination of 3DCNN with Histograms
Full text linkWhen watching pictures or videos, the Human Visual System has the potential to concentrate on important locations. Saliency detection is a tool for detecting the abnormality and randomness of images or videos by replicating the human visual system. Video saliency detection has received a lot of attention in recent decades, but due to challenging temporal abstraction and fusion for spatial saliency, computational modelling of spatial perception for video sequences is still limited.Unlike methods for detection of salient objects in still images, one of the most difficult aspects of video saliency detection is figuring out how to isolate and integrate spatial and temporal features.Saliency detection, which is basically a tool to recognize areas in images and videos that catch the attention of the human visual system, may benefit multimedia applications such as video or image retrieval, copy detection, and so on. As the two crucial steps in trajectory-based video classification methods are feature point identification and local feature extraction. We suggest a new spatio-temporal saliency detection using an enhanced 3D Conventional neural network with an inclusion of histogram for optical and orient gradient in this paper
Identifying Alterability States of a Single Track Railway Line Control System
Full text linkIn the context of automation and deployment of computer based control systems, a specific application on French railway line is proposed on low traffic single track railway lines. The issue of updates requires thorough consideration. In the case of low traffic single track railway lines, handling the removal of a shunting track, which role is to allow trains to circulate in both directions of a same line, the issue of timing the update to the control system is particularly critical. Indeed, a wrongly timed update could lead to a deadlock, while one or more trains are expected to travel while respecting safety constraints on the blocked infrastructure. This paper studies the application of works from the field of dynamic software updating, specifically the works of Panzica La Manna et al. [12]. Using their results on a graph based model of a single track rail line, it identifies alterability states that ensure safety constraints are respected at all times without causing deadlocks. These results are then used to discuss the pertinence of using concepts from dynamic software updating in the context of railway systems