30 research outputs found
A study of different substrate material on air gap radial line slot array (RLSA) antenna at 28 GHZ
No full textThis paper compared the performance of the conventional Radial line slot array (RLSA) antenna structure. Two different substrates of RLSA antennas were used: The FR4 with the relative permittivity (?r) value of 4.5 and the Duroid/RT5880 with the relative permittivity (?r) value of 2.2. Both substrates had their own thickness, where the Rogers RT Duroid 5880 was thinner with the value of 0.254 mm compared to FR4 which was 1.600 mm. There were two antenna cavities, which were the FR4 hybrid with air gap and the Duroid/RT5880 hybrid with air gap. Based on different substrate, this RLSA antenna was simulated using the CST Microwave Studio simulation software and measured using the Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) equipment that can measure the frequency range (10.0 MHz to 50.0 GHz). Moreover, this RLSA antenna was presented, experimented and measured for millimeter wave frequency, which is within the frequency range (24.0 GHz to 32.0 GHz). In the middle of the rectangular, slots on radiating plate, located with fed coated of 50 ? SSMA connector as a coaxial to waveguide transition frequency reconfigurable millimeter-wave antenna for 5G networks is presented. The results of the simulation and measurement of this RLSA antenna with different substrates show the S11 and wider value of impedance bandwidth performance in millimeter wave frequency
Sundanese Sīrah in Indonesia Archipelago: A Contribution of R.A.A. Wiranatakoesoema’s Riwajat Kangdjeng Nabi Moehammad s.a.w.
Full text linkThe article aims to analyze the influence of Sundanese culture in a book of sīrah or biography of Muhammad. This study focuses on R.A.A. Wiranatakoesoema’s Riwajat Kangdjeng Nabi Moehammad s.a.w. (1941), analyzed using hermeneutics. It is a Sundanese translation of Dinet and Sliman’s The Life of Mohammad (1918) which inserted twenty-seven French realist painting illustrations. Wiranatakoesoema did not only translate the book into Sundanese, but also added the great narratives in the form of Sundanese metrical poetry or dangding. The life of Muhammad was described into a Sundanese character like the personality of Sundanese noble. This research shows that Sundanese culture held great influence on Wiranatakoesoema’s narration of Muhammad’s life. Wiranatakoesoema’s Riwajat reflects the influence of Sundanese culture which represents the author as a Sundanese people. It is one of contributions of Sundanese culture and literature in narrating the same story of sīrah in various language of the world
Decision Support for Collaborative Airport Strategic Planning
No full textAn airport’s operation and development impacts many stakeholders. Therefore, an airport should be treated as a socio-technical system. An airport operator and its stakeholders should strategically plan and develop the airport together. This dissertation describes the development of the HARMOS Decision Support System that can facilitate such collaborative strategic planning.Aerospace Design, Integration & OperationsAerospace Engineerin
From weapons of the weak to war by different means
No full text“In this master thesis research, conducted at the Netherlands Defence Academy (NLDA), the development of hybrid warfare, or the monikers used before that to describe similar activity, have been analyzed and put in chronological order and geographic origin. The research covers the past 100 years (starting from World War I) and looks at the developments of hybrid warfare by Non-State Actors and State actors: Russia, China and the Western States (predominately the United States). Using outcome process tracing, the research identifies the work key actors (Auctor Intellectualis) and historic events that led to military thought and practice, and how these relate to one another.
The thesis calls for the call things by their name to prevent blurring of the academic debate and proposes one possible way to relate the various concepts and monikers vis-à-vis one another. The thesis also tackles the question whether hybrid warfare is something new or not (the author believes it is not), and examines why some contemporary authors think of hybrid warfare as something ‘new’”
IgG targeting distinct seasonal coronavirus- conserved SARS-CoV-2 spike subdomains correlates with differential COVID-19 disease outcomes
No full textFunding Information: J.L.G., F.B., and R.A.A. were partially supported by Ichor Biologics LLC. R.A.A. and R.A.B. are inventors on a provisional patent related to this study. The remaining authors declare no commercial or financial relationships that are potential conflicts of interest. Funding Information: We would like to thank Sheila O’Donoghue, RN, and Beth Sferrazza, RN, for conducting the blood draws for this study; Drs. Svenja Weiss and Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser for their critical review of this manuscript; Dr. Server Ertem for insights on diagnostic design; and Dean Greg Morrisett, PhD, of Cornell Tech for generous institutional support. This study was supported by NIH SBIR grant no. 1R43AI138740-01A1 , awarded to Ichor Biologics and R.A.A.; Chilean National Research and Development Agency grant no. COVID0422 , awarded to M.I.B.; and a Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute Runway package, awarded to R.A.B. F.B. was supported by an ANID scholarship/PhD no. 21201764 and F.F. was supported by FONDECYT grant no. 3200913 . The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Funding Information: We would like to thank Sheila O'Donoghue, RN, and Beth Sferrazza, RN, for conducting the blood draws for this study; Drs. Svenja Weiss and Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser for their critical review of this manuscript; Dr. Server Ertem for insights on diagnostic design; and Dean Greg Morrisett, PhD, of Cornell Tech for generous institutional support. This study was supported by NIH SBIR grant no. 1R43AI138740-01A1, awarded to Ichor Biologics and R.A.A.; Chilean National Research and Development Agency grant no. COVID0422, awarded to M.I.B.; and a Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute Runway package, awarded to R.A.B. F.B. was supported by an ANID scholarship/PhD no.21201764 and F.F. was supported by FONDECYT grant no. 3200913. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Study design, J.L.G. R.A.A. R.A.B. C.D.B. M.C. F.F. and M.I.B. Experimental work, J.L.G. F.B. S.M. J.W.B. M.I.B. and R.A.A. Data analysis, J.L.G. M.M. S.M. C.D.B. R.A.B. and R.A.A. Reagent development, J.L.G. R.A.A. J.W.B. and C.D.B. Donor plasma acquisition, S.M. J.L.G. Y.P. and R.A.A. Writing, J.L.G. R.A.A. and R.A.B. and the final version was approved by all of the authors. J.L.G. F.B. and R.A.A. were partially supported by Ichor Biologics LLC. R.A.A. and R.A.B. are inventors on a provisional patent related to this study. The remaining authors declare no commercial or financial relationships that are potential conflicts of interest. We worked to ensure sex balance in the selection of non-human subjects. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of the LGBTQ+ community. One or more of the authors of this paper received support from a program designed to increase minority representation in science. While citing references scientifically relevant for this work, we also actively worked to promote gender balance in our reference list. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)Despite SARS-CoV-2 being a “novel” virus, early detection of anti-spike IgG in severe COVID-19 patients may be caused by the amplification of humoral memory responses against seasonal coronaviruses. Here, we examine this phenomenon by characterizing anti-spike IgG responses in non-hospitalized convalescent individuals across a spectrum of COVID-19 severity. We observe that disease severity positively correlates with anti-spike IgG levels, IgG cross-reactivity against other betacoronaviruses (β-CoVs), and FcγR activation. Analysis of IgG targeting β-CoV-conserved and non-conserved immunodominant epitopes within the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein revealed epitope-specific relationships: IgG targeting the conserved heptad repeat (HR) 2 region significantly correlates with milder disease, while targeting the conserved S2′FP region correlates with more severe disease. Furthermore, a lower HR2-to-S2′FP IgG-binding ratio correlates with greater disease severity, with ICU-hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing the lowest HR2/S2′FP ratios. These findings suggest that HR2/S2′FP IgG profiles may predict disease severity and offer insight into protective versus deleterious humoral recall responses
Transmission of sinusoidally changing vertical specific force to the heads of seated men measured in a flight simulator
No full textAerospace Engineerin
Logistiek Kader OLT Den Haag
No full textHet Ondergronds Logistiek Transportsysteem Den Haag moet in 2030 bovengronds goederenvervoer in de agglomeratie Den Haag overbodig maken. Tot de agglomeratie Den Haag behoren de gemeenten Den Haag, Rijswijk, Leidschendam en Voorburg. Goederen die bestemd zijn voor de agglomeratie worden afgezet bij het Logistiek Stadspark dat gelokaliseerd is nabij het huidige Forepark. Vanuit het Logistiek Stadspark zullen de goederen via een ondergronds systeem naar de plaats van bestemming worden gebracht. Per etmaal zal via dit systeem in totaal 100.000 kubieke meter aan goederen worden vervoerd. Waar systemen als Combiroad op nationaal niveau zorgdragen voor energiezuinig, milieuvriendelijk en veilig goederenvervoer zal OLT Den Haag dit op stedelijk niveau doen. In het Logistiek Stads Park komen goederenstromen van regionaal en nationaal niveau binnen. Op dit moment worden de goederen nog voornamelijk via vrachtwagens vervoerd maar in 2030 zullen dit ook geautomatiseerde systemen zijn zoals bijvoorbeeld Comiroad. De goederen die binnenkomen bij het Logistiek Stads Park zijn voornamelijk verpakt in containers. De containers zijn onderverdeeld in pallet-eenheden. Deze pallets hebben een afmeting van l,20x0,8m met een maximale hoogte van l,50m. Dit zijn ook de laadeenheden van OLT Den Haag. Hierdoor is het ondergrondse distributiesysteem inpasbaar in de goederenstromen van regionaal en nationaal niveau. Goederen die niet op pallets passen zullen in de nachtelijke uren met speciale zendingen worden vervoerd. De pallets worden per 5 stuks op een ladingdrager geladen. Deze ladingdrager is een onbemand voertuig dat volautomatisch zijn plaats van bestemming kan bereiken. Om dit te kunnen doen is het voertuig uitgerust met een aandrijving en een besturingssysteem. Het besturingssysteem meet de afstand tot voorliggende voertuigen en geeft signalen aan de aandrijving om te remmen en te versnellen. De aandrijving van het voertuig is zoveel mogelijk verplaatst naar de infrastructuur. Dit betekend dat het voertuig zelf geen accu's en volumineuze motoronderdelen heeft maar wordt aangedreven door een vorm van magnetische inductie. Gezien het grote aantal ladingdragers dat gebruik maakt van het systeem (625) is het economisch aantrekkelijk om ze zo eenvoudig mogelijk te houden. Als de ladingdrager geladen is met een aantal pallets zal hij met een gemiddelde snelheid van circa 40km/u en een topsnelheid van 50km/u via de ondergrondse infrastructuur op weg gaan naar de plaats van bestemming. Aangekomen bij de bestemming kan de ladingdrager worden gelost. Vervolgens kan de ladingdrager weer worden geladen met goederen die vanuit de agglomeratie naar een andere locatie in de agglomeratie of naar een totaal ander gebied in Nederland moeten worden getransporteerd. De infrastructuur waar de voertuigen gebruik van maken is aangelegd als een ring met een dubbele baan die de knooppunten (Distributie Centra) verbindt. De totale ring van OLT Den Haag is circa 40km lang. De 12 Distributie Centra liggen onder bovengrondse locaties die een grote transportbehoefte hebben en dus ook veel ladingen uit het systeem zullen ontvangen. De ladingdrager kan vanuit het Distributie Centrum ook via een eenvoudige enkele baan naar een zogenaamd Distributie Punt worden getransporteerd. Dit Distributie Punt kan bijvoorbeeld liggen in de kelder van een groot warenhuis of kantorencomplex. Het gaat hier om locaties die op termijn worden aangesloten op het systeem. In eerste instantie zal het systeem dus alleen bestaan uit de dubbele ringleiding met Distributiecentra die een grote transportbehoefte hebben. De aftakkingen naar de Distributie Punten worden later op aanvraag van de klant aangelegd.Transport & PlanningCivil Engineering and Geoscience
'Een taak voor de staat? De Duitse bezetting en de invoering van de verplichte ziekenfondsverzekering in Nederland, 1939-1949.'
Full text linkA Responsibility of the State?: Social Security, the German Occupation and the Introduction of Compulsory Social Health Insurance in the Netherlands, 1939-1949 In historiography the Sickness Funds Decree (1941) has always been portrayed as
either being a Dutch or a German product. The author argues it was both. The German occupier was able to break through the political stalemate that had delayed the introduction of social health insurance during the previous decades. However the German authorities could not completely bypass Dutch ideas. The initial farreaching proposal was blocked by combined resistance from Dutch civil servants and ‘Berlin’. After the war, the restored Dutch government proposed a Beveridgemodel
of social security, with the state at the centre of power. This proposal was rejected since the general feeling was against the state controlling health insurance. The Sickness Funds Decree seemed to be better suited to this mood. By establishing
the Sickness Fund Council the power over social health insurance shifted from the state to the civil society
On park design : looking beyond the wars
No full textThe present book opens with an account of a buffalo hunt in the company of soldiers in one of the national parks in Uganda. One buffalo was hit close to the heart but fled away as if it was not fatally wounded. The soldiers seeing it flee, fired more rounds of ammunition at it until, with limbs broken, the buffalo fell down. This account is used to demonstrate some of the ravages of wars on parks. It is argued that most parks around the world are destined to perish because of defects in their design leading to institutional fights and inappropriate development programmes. The present book raises issues aimed at generating debates on the design of parks looking beyond the wars.The book is a synthesis of studies started while the author worked for the Uganda National Parks. It discusses why many parks in poor countries, especially those ravaged by wars, might not survive. The institutional setup is often not conducive to the accumulation and the deployment of resources necessary for the sustained development of the parks. The book differs from its predecessors with similar titles in four main respects. First, many studies of park design have been confined to the design of recreation parks found largely in urban areas, whereas this one focuses on nature reserves. Second, most studies on park design adopt one of the approaches which have been widely used in the design of recreation parks, whereas this one considers them inappropriate. Third, the book proposes that the design of a park should be perceived and treated as a puzzle. Finally, using case studies the book highlights some institutional aspects of park design. It is expected that ensuing debates generated by the issues raised by the book would contribute to science and hopefully improve its role in sustainable land development.It is shown in the book that for the parks to succeed their design requires clear objectives and deep understanding of their systems' dynamics. Prevailing instability, poverty, lack of know-how on the park system dynamics, widespread deterioration of the environmental conditions, and the complex and dynamic nature of park systems underline the urgent need to innovate appropriate institutions. Poor countries, especially those ravaged by wars, are emphasized because it is there that the need for institutional reform of the park systems is most apparent. Besides, it is more likely that such reforms can be incorporated in internationally funded post-war reconstruction and rehabilitation programmes, than it is under the usual development programmes. Cautiously the book also draws attention to the "wars" within and amongst groups of people (especially specialists) which make impossible serious collaboration. The latter wars are salient features of parks and it is essential that they are treated accordingly in the design of the parks. Against this background, institutional dimensions of park design receive much attention in the book.The book uses the word park within the context of category II, National Park, as defined in the "1990 United Nations List of National Parks and Protected Areas". This is land set aside primarily to preserve specific natural and/or cultural features. In this sense and as hereafter discussed, the parks are comparable to Noah's Ark in the Bible. With respect to wars, two main types are discussed: the one is violent the other non-violent, Both types of wars are portrayed as the results of conflicts of interests in the absence of appropriate institutional mechanisms to prevent and/or diffuse them. Prevalence of wars lead to many changes and tragedies in the midst of which the care for parks does not fit in with priorities. Hence, parks suffer from wars . The present book argues that with the war ravages as fait-accompli , the parks would gain most if the circumstances created by the wars were converted into opportunities to review their design. Such reviews could help to create a sound basis for the sustainable development of the parks. The book argues that the survival of the parks will depend on their design, i.e. their make-up. It is this make-up of a park as well as how this is defined that is, therefore, the focus of the book. Parks as living systems are portrayed as structurally and functionally complex and dynamic. In comparison to the design of a house, park design is complex. The manner in which a house is designed is a fairly straight-forward architectural process. As for a park, its complexity and dynamics render much of these approaches inappropriate and yet, as shown in the book, that is how parks are being designed habitually.The book proposes that the design of a park be treated as a puzzle because like in ordinary puzzles it is made up of parts which somehow must be correctly related for the puzzle to be solved. If the puzzle is wrongly handled the proofs of that will inevitably surface. Unlike ordinary puzzles the parts are not static and also have complex and dynamic interactions amongst themselves. In the book some of these are demonstrated to highlight the fallacies in design approaches which do not treat this reality with the seriousness it deserves. The book argues that given the above characteristics of a park its future would be ensured if greater emphasis were placed on the institutional dimensions of the park's development. Institutions are portrayed as living systems. As such they are made-up of parts which make them function as entities. The death of an individual person or the loss of one facility in the institution, is compared to the death of a cell in an multi-celled organism or of a tree in a forest. It is argued that if some of the parts (cf. organs in an organism) do not function properly, the growth and development of the institution will be affected. Similarly, an unfavourable external environment, despite normally functional internal systems, will hinder the normal growth and development of the institution. Instead of putting the emphasis on defining the details of management programmes (e.g. frequency of burning), park design should therefore focus on defining an appropriate institutional make-up that would favour a sustainable development of the park. Accordingly the design should enable the park to develop its capabilities and to increasingly be able to use experiences drawn from past attempts iteratively so as to solve the ceaselessly changing design puzzle. To accumulate experience on a long-term basis calls for the innovation of appropriate memory systems , and in building this "park organ" the computer-based information systems could play an important role.Viewing the design of a park as a puzzle calls for the innovation of tools to minimise the risks and expenses associated with failures to solve the puzzle. In this respect the potential role of computers is again highlighted. It is suggested that the use of computerbased information systems could facilitate desk-top testing and communicating of park design ideas. There remains, however, the need to define what would constitute appropriate information system models for such purposes.Through case studies on the Murchison Falls Park, Uganda, attention is drawn to the dynamic and complex nature of a park system. Murchison Falls Park is an example of a park that has witnessed drastic ecological changes and has been ravaged by wars. Looking beyond the wars the park region needs reconstruction and rehabilitation of its socio-economic infrastructure. With special reference to the park, key aspects of the design of a park has been examined. Amongst others aspects such as fire, vegetation dynamics, patterns in herbivore densities and poaching have been examined in a series of case studies on the park. Through these studies of the park system structure and processes various aspects on which park design should focus are highlighted. The studies highlight the need for deep insight into the patterns and processes of a system if a design is to succeed. Since in all parks such insight always is lacking, the book argues that park design is reduced to trial and error and should be formally treated as such. The book concludes there is an urgent need for new perceptions in the design of parks, that for this tools have yet to be innovated, and that the future of green design and with it sustainable land development will depend on the improved understanding of the dynamics of relevant institutions. It is recommended that park design should take advantage of the fast growing computer-based information systems to manage, process and feedback relevant data and to test model design in virtual versions before resources are committed to their implementation. Future research should help define appropriate park information system models. Looking beyond the wars these are some of the key areas on which park design should focus for sustainable progress to be made in the attempts to solve the park design puzzles
