43 research outputs found
Bilingual Typography: Is It Possible to Translate Latin Typeface Into Non-latin Typeface While Preserving Both Visual and Content Brand Consistency?
No full textInternational audienc
Quantitative analyses of unit train safety and railroad tank car implementation policy
No full textRailroads play a critical role in the transportation and economic prosperity of North America. Train safety has improved considerably over the past decade. However, with the large volume of traffic, accidents still occur. Derailments are the most common type of train accident recorded in the Federal Railroad Administration’s Rail Equipment Accident/Incident database. The research presented in this thesis focuses on derailments and releases of hazardous materials, specifically three topics related to this general theme: unit train loading condition, the effect of train configuration on risk, and policies for implementation schedule for safer tank cars.
The effect of loading condition on unit-train derailment occurrence, causes and severity is described in Chapter 2. An algorithm was developed to identify derailments of loaded and empty unit trains on mainlines and sidings recorded in the Federal Railroad Administration database. A dataset of these accidents for the 15-year period from 2001 to 2015 was developed and analyzed. The frequency of derailments for both loaded and empty unit trains declined by more than 50%. The average number of cars derailed per accident fluctuated for both loading conditions but showed no particular trend. Approximately five times more loaded unit train derailments were recorded than empty unit trains but in the absence of specific unit train traffic data, inferences about rates are not possible. Loaded unit trains were more than four times heavier than empty unit trains, and loaded train derailments tended to involve more cars than empty train derailments. The distribution of derailment causes differed for loaded and empty unit trains. Loaded trains most frequently derailed due to broken rails and welds, while the leading cause of empty train derailments was obstructions, which included severe weather. Over 90% of the derailments of loaded and empty unit trains considered in this study occurred on mainline tracks, and the distribution of causes differed between mainline and siding tracks.
Chapter 3 presents an analysis of the risk associated with transporting hazardous materials by unit trains versus manifest trains. While unit trains offer efficient transportation of hazardous materials, if these trains derail, the consequences can be particularly severe. Transporting hazardous materials in unit trains reduces exposure to accidents compared to transporting the same quantity of material in a larger number of manifest trains. However, in the event that a derailment of a unit train does occur, the consequences may be greater. Conversely, transportation in a larger number of manifest trains increases the exposure to derailments, but may reduce the severity if an accident occurs. An investigation of these trade-offs using the Multiple Tank Car Release model to conduct a series of simulations is presented. As part of this analysis the effect of using DOT 111 tank cars was compared to use of DOT 117 tank cars. Both the likelihood and consequence of transporting hazardous materials in these different train configurations were estimated and the metrics used to estimate risk were the distributions of number of tank cars derailed, number of tank cars releasing, and quantity released.
Use of safer tank car specifications can substantially reduce the consequences and risk of derailments involving hazardous materials. Nevertheless, there are practical and financial considerations associated with replacing the existing fleet with new cars. Safer tank cars are generally more expensive to build and operate, and there may be practical constraints due to manufacturing capacity. In the late 2000s, the government and industry were faced with a choice of immediate adoption of a safer tank car for Toxic Inhalation Hazard materials, or awaiting the results of a research and development project to develop an even safer car. The discussion between the government and industry regarding phase-in policies for safer tank cars led to the research described in Chapter 4. Specifically, how would different policies regarding deferral of the decision to implement safer cars, and the schedule of replacement affect risk. In Chapter 4, a methodology is presented to quantify the risk associated with rail transport of the top two toxic inhalation hazard materials by shipment, ammonia and chlorine. A network risk analysis model was used in conjunction with routing information, population, and the Multiple Tank Car Release model to estimate several risk metrics under different implementation scenarios.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01The student, Weixi Li, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-26 at 10:18.The student, Weixi Li, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-04-26 at 12:36.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-04-26 at 16:12.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12516 on 2018-08-31 at 17:30:33Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:47:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Building 6C’s (Critical Thinking, Collaboration, Communication, Creativity, Culture, Connectivity) in the Chinese Learning Classroom
No full textThis teaching portfolio is a product of the author’s studies in the Masters of Second Language Teaching Program at Utah State University and her experiences as a teacher of Chinese at the elementary school level in the State of Utah’s public school Dual Immersion program. The author provides a selection of teaching reflections and research that have had the most impact on her teaching practice. First, the author offers personal reflections and a theoretical framework for her pedagogy in the Teaching Perspectives section, through a discussion of her professional environment and teaching experience; this is followed by the Teaching Philosophy Statement, which explains the lens through which she views her teaching practice, and a discussion of a selection of teaching observations conducted. The Teaching Philosophy Statement speaks to the importance of connectivity and how learners may best connect with language. The Teaching Philosophy also offers some best practices for a student-centered, task-based, communicative, classroom environment and how best to facilitate language learning. Second, the portfolio focuses on the scholarship of teaching and learning, in the Research Perspectives section, in which the author includes two selected papers written in the course of the masters program, including: a paper that investigates teaching culture in the elementary Dual Language Immersion context and a paper that explores teaching Chinese as a foreign language through task-based learning and Computer-Assisted Language Learning. It concludes with an Annotated Bibliography that represents a literature review and crystallization of the topic of humor in enhancing learner engagement. Through these select theoretical and practical discussions of teaching, the author suggests that language teachers need to be mindful of 6 C’s: critical thinking, collaboration, communication, creativity, culture, connectivity, offering a modification of the 5 C’s in the American Council of Teaching of Foreign Languages standards. The portfolio culminates with the author’s career plans and the continuing journey to improve and innovate in her teaching
Synthesis of poly(1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-diyl)s having a pi-stacked, helical conformation
No full text5,6-Dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline and 2,9-di-n-butyl-5,6-dibromo-1,10-phenanthroline were polymerized using a Ni catalyst to afford helical polymers in which the phenanthroline moieties are densely stacked on top of each other. Polymerization of the latter monomer using a chiral catalyst led to a preferred-handed helix. This is the first Ni-catalyzed helix-sense-selective polymerization of aromatic compounds
Branding With Letters: The Impact of Typography on Perceived Brand Longevity
No full textInternational audienc
1550-nm evanescent hybrid InGaAsP–Si laser with buried ridge stripe structure
No full textAn evanescently coupled InGaAsP-Si hybrid laser with a buried ridge stripe (BRS) structure based on a selective area metal bonding method is demonstrated. There are the advantages of good optical field, high thermal performance, and improved carrier and photon confinement by adopting this BRS laser structure. The III-V waveguide with the first-order grating corrugations is fabricated by conventional holographic lithography and standard photolithography. A threshold current as low as 5 mA at room temperature in continuous-wave operation and a side-mode suppression ratio as high as 40 dB with mode-hop free higher than 45 °C were achieved
FIGURES 15–24 in A review of the genus Agalope Walker (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) with taxonomic notes and descriptions of three new genera and three new species
No full textFIGURES 15–24. Adults of Rotundagalope gen. n. and Paragalope gen. n. 15, Rotundagalope immaculata, HT, male, Tachien-lu, Sichuan, China, NHMUK014199906 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 16, ditto, male, Menia, Sichuan, China, NHMUK014199909 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 17, ditto, male, Barkam, Sichuan, China, ZFMK Lep153376 (ZFMK); 18, ditto, female, Menia, Sichuan, China, NHMUK014199908 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 19, Paragalope dejeani, ST, male, Tatsienlou, Sichuan, NHMUK014200110 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 20, ditto, female, Pa Tse Fang, Sichuan, NHMUK014200162 (NHMUK); 21, ditto, female, Pa Tse Fang, Sichuan, NHMUK014200172 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 22, P. lucia, ST, female, Tse Kou, Yunnan, China, NHMUK014199988 (NHMUK, ©The Trustees of NHMUK); 23, ditto, male, Weixi, Yunnan, China, AG03 (SCAU); 24, ditto, female, Gongshan, Yunnan, China, GSAG3 (CHSY).Published as part of Huang, Si-Yao, Horie, Kiyoshi, Fan, Xiao-Ling, Wang, Min & Espeland, Marianne, 2023, A review of the genus Agalope Walker (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae, Chalcosiinae) with taxonomic notes and descriptions of three new genera and three new species, pp. 291-321 in Zootaxa 5284 (2) on page 298, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5284.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/792341
A GaAs-based hybrid integration of a tunneling diode and a 1060-nm semiconductor laser
No full textWe report on a hybrid integrated tunneling diode, with a simple structure, and a quantum well laser diode, lasing at ~1060 nm, on GaAs substrate. The low-frequency operation of the integrated circuit was measured and obvious negative differential resistance regions were shown in the electrical and optical output. The electrical and optical bistability were measured, and the peak and valley voltage were 2.03 and 2.17 V, respectively. A 140-mV-wide hysteresis loop and an optical on/off ratio of 21 dB were obtained. The device has potential applications in biomedicine and optical interconnects
Carbon isotopic composition and its implications on paleoclimate of the underground ancient forest ecosystem in Sihui, Guangdong
No full textWe present the carbon isotopic composition of the total organic carbon (TOC) and fine roots in the sedimentary profile from the underground ancient forest in Sihui to study the climatic and environmental changes from 4.5 ka BP to 0.6 ka BP. Results show that C(3) plant was the main vegetation from 4.5 ka BP to 0.6 ka BP in this region. The ancient forest began to develop in the wetland at around 4 ka BP and disappeared together with the wetland at about 3.0 ka BP, implying that the climate had changed greatly at around 3.0 ka BP. As indicated by the simulation results, the content of atmospheric CO(2) increased slightly during 3.5 ka BP to 3.0 ka BP, implying climate warming during that period. The interval of radiocarbon age between 3.0 ka BP to 1.2 ka BP was possibly caused by the strong erosion when the block was lifted in the neotectonic movement. From 1.2 ka BP to 0.6 ka BP, the region remained in terrestrial sedimentary environment, and the surface plant biomass declined gradually. Drought caused by the climate change was the likely cause for the disappearance of the ancient forest. South transition of Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) was probably the main mechanism for the climate change.Geosciences, MultidisciplinarySCI(E)EI3ARTICLE5638-6465
3D Cadastre Oriented Reconstruction of Administrative Procedure in Chinese Urban Land Management
No full textFocusing on the recent management problem of 3D land utilization in the administrative procedure in China, this paper firstly elaborates the basic characteristics of land ownership and management in China, and then introduces the main concepts and steps in the current urban land management procedure, and reveals the deficiency in supporting 3D utilization for urban regions. Finally, from the perspective of 3D space and regarding 3D cadaster management as the core, this paper presents new administrative procedure of urban land management reconstructed from the recent procedure
