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Legitimacy and Illegitimacy of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Perceptions from the French Management Context
No full textInternational audienceGenerative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is rapidly transforming French management higher education, presenting both opportunities and ethical challenges. This mixed-methods study investigates divergent stakeholder perceptions of GenAI legitimacy (students, faculty, and deans) through the pragmatic, moral, and cognitive dimensions of Suchman's triadic model. Empirical findings reveal that the perceived legitimacy of GenAI in higher education coexists with forms of illegitimacy, reflected in persistent tensions across pragmatic, cognitive, and moral dimensions.The discussion shows persistent tensions between short-term utility and long-term ethical concerns, and argues that sustainable integration of GenAI requires institutional strategies prioritizing the reduction of perceived illegitimacy. By embedding the analysis of illegitimacy into legitimacy theory, this study extends conceptual tools for future research and offers actionable insights for guiding responsible GenAI adoption in higher educatio
Overbuying, demand withholding, and single sourcing under decreasing returns
No full textFNEGE 3, ABS 3International audienceConsider suppliers whose comparative advantages, which are unknown to a buyer, depend on the quantity procured. The distortions of the buyer purchase policy differs depending on the market characteristics. In a large market, either it overbuys to suppliers with steep marginal costs, who are better at producing a small volume; or it withholds the demand it addresses to suppliers with flatter marginal costs, who are better at producing a large volume. The latter policy is implemented through a concave tariff offered to the less capacity constrained suppliers. In a small market, demand withholding prevails and some suppliers can be excluded
Corporate purpose, regulation, innovation and performance: An empirical examination of French purpose-driven bylaws companies
No full textInternational audienceIn the contemporary volatile economic environment, companies are increasingly prioritizing societal objectives, focusing on the concept of purpose, which has attracted growing academic interest. Simultaneously, firms are encouraged to innovate across multiple dimensions to achieve greater financial performance. This paper investigates French purpose-driven bylaws companies (PBCs) as leading candidates for observing the effect of the dual approach-combining innovation efforts with commitment to purpose-on financial performance. Using a unique dataset of French PBCs and comparable industry peers from 2015 to 2021, we explore the relationship between innovation, purpose bylaws and financial performance. Our results indicate that French PBCs outperform their industry counterparts, particularly when firms maintain a continuous commitment to innovation both before and after the adoption of purpose-driven bylaws. However, companies that fail to renew their commitment to innovation following their transition to PBC status experience a decline in this performance advantage.</div
The Present Value Relation Over Six Centuries: The Case of the Bazacle Company
No full textNational audienceWe study asset pricing over the longue durée using share prices and net dividends from the Bazacle company of Toulouse, the earliest documented shareholding corpo- ration. The data extend from the firm's foundation in 1372 to its nationalization in 1946. We find an average dividend yield of 5% per annum and near-zero long-term, real capital appreciation. Stationary dividends and stock prices enable us to directly study how prices relate to expected cash flows, without relying on a rate of return transformation. A reduced-form asset pricing model with persistent dividends and a time-varying risk correction is not rejected by the data
Beyond the Screen: Memory-Based Mechanisms and Personal Innovativeness in Voice Assistant Use
No full textInternational audienceThis study investigates how the mental retrieval of IT features influences innovative use behaviors with voice-activated devices (VADs). We conceptualize two memory-based constructs-IT feature recognition and IT feature recall-and examine their complex interplay. We theorize that their influence is moderated by users' personal innovativeness. Using a survey of 319 smart speaker owners, we found that both recognition and recall enhance innovative use, but their effects differ significantly based on an individual's disposition to innovate with IT. For users with high innovativeness, IT feature recognition drives innovation, while for those with low innovativeness, both recall and recognition contribute. These findings suggest that memory-based mechanisms are critical enablers of innovative use, highlighting the need for interfaces that support memory cues to foster broader feature utilization and innovative outcomes in voice-based interfaces
EHPAD : Comment concilier rentabilité, qualité des soins et humanité ?
No full textCas CCMP G2169, 36 pages (+78 pages de note pédagogiques
La recherche partenariale : une alliance stratégique entre recherche fondamentale et monde industrie
No full textLa Fabrique de l'IndustrieDans une économie fondée sur la connaissance, les collaborations entre universités et entreprises jouent un rôle central dans l’innovation, la croissance économique et la transformation des sociétés. Loin de se limiter à un simple transfert de technologies ou à une sous-traitance de compétences scientifiques, ces partenariats sont aujourd’hui des espaces structurants de coconstruction des savoirs, où se redéfinit la frontière entre recherche académique et monde industriel
Why companies use academic partnerships to invest in basic research
No full textLSE Business ReviewConventional wisdom assumes that companies invest in academic partnerships to produce short-term, commercially useful outcomes, and that academics cannot “do” business, making it difficult to align research agendas with industrial needs. Benjamin Cabanes and Quentin Plantec find that both those ideas are outdated and that industry is willing to initiate and fund basic research, even when immediate applications are unclear
From one-off collaboration to embedded practices: Accounting for diversity in Small and Medium Enterprises’ university–industry collaborative research trajectories
No full textInternational audienceSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), despite their importance for innovation and economic growth, remain underrepresented in Open Innovation (OI) activities with universities, particularly in the form of university–industry collaborations (UIC). Prior research mainly focuses on large firms or analyzes UIC at the level of individual projects, leaving the firm-level dynamics of SMEs’ sustained engagement in collaborative research underexplored. This study adopts an evolutionary perspective to examine how SMEs initiate, structure, and institutionalize collaborative research with universities. Drawing on a longitudinal multiple-case analysis of 21 French SMEs engaged in repeated UICs. Based on 32 semi-structured interviews and 83 secondary data sources, we reconstruct firms’ engagement trajectories across multiple collaborative research initiatives. Using an inductive process approach, we identify three interrelated phases: preconditions, in which organizational transitions, sectoral needs and CEO exposure to scientific networks shape latent research orientations; formalization, characterized by the adoption of standardized collaboration instruments and explicit research roles; and institutionalization/transformation, where collaborative research becomes embedded in organizational routines, exceeding initial expectations and occasionally becoming a component of the client relationship.By shifting the focus from individual projects to firm-level trajectories, this study contributes a process model of SMEs’ sustainable engagement in UIC and offers insights for managers and policymakers seeking to foster durable collaborative research strategies
Invariant Coordinate Selection and Fisher discriminant subspace beyond the case of two group
No full textNational audienceInvariant Coordinate Selection (ICS) is a multivariate technique that relies on the simultaneous diagonalization of two scatter matrices. It serves various purposes, including its use as a dimension reduction tool prior to clustering or outlier detection. ICS’s theoretical foundation establishes why and when the identified subspace should contain relevant information by demonstrating its connection with the Fisher discriminant subspace (FDS). These general results have been examined in detail primarily for specific scatter combinations within a two-cluster framework. In this study, we expand these investigations to include more clusters and scatter combinations. Our analysis reveals the importance of distinguishing whether the group centers matrix has full rank. In the full-rank case, we establish deeper connections between ICS and FDS. We provide a detailed study of these relationships for three clusters when the group centers matrix has full rank and when it does not. Based on these expanded theoretical insights and supported by numerical studies, we conclude that ICS is indeed suitable for recovering the FDS under very general settings and cases of failure seem rare