1,721,194 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Preformulation Study for Nanoemulsion Preparation of Essential Oils for Treatment of Candidiasis
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Silybum marianum (L.) gaertner meyvelerinden hareketle standardize kuru ekstre hazırlama yöntemleri geliştirilmesi
No full textSilybum marianum (L.) Gaertner bitkisinin gövdesi 30-100 cm yükseklikte, Asteraceae familyasına bağlı otsu bir bitkidir. Bitki doğal olarak Akdeniz bölgesinde yetişmekte, aynı zamanda yaygın bir şekilde Avrupa kıtasının birçok kesiminde, Kuzey ve Güney Amerika ve yabani olarak Avustralya'da yaygın bir şekilde bulunmaktadır. Ülkemizin batı, kuzey ve güney bölgelerinde yaygındır. Klinik çalışmalar silimarin'in, karaciğeri çeşitli toksinlerden koruduğunu göstermiştir. Bitkinin içeriği flavonolignan karışımı olan silimarin'in tıbbi amaçla geniş bir alanda kullanılması, bitkinin önemini oldukça arttırmaktadır. Bu bağlamda standardize silimarin kuru ekstresinin ekonomik ve yüksek verimde elde edilmesi, sanayi açısından büyük bir önem taşımaktadır.Standardize silimarin kuru ekstresinin elde edilmesinde Konya Selçuk Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi Uygulama Tarlasında kültürü yapılan Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertner bitkisi seçilmiştir. İlk olarak bu bitkinin Avrupa Farmakopesi'ne göre uygunluğu incelenmiştir. Balıkesir, Edremit, Güre beldesinden ve Denizli Pamukkale Üniversitesi kampüsünden toplanan aynı bitkinin silimarin içeriği değerlendirilmiş olup Konya materyalinin %3,0686 ±0,1165 silimarin içeriği ile en yüksek örnek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aynı bitkinin farklı kısımlarında silimarin'in miktar tayini sonucunda meyvede en yüksek değer tespit edilirken, kök ve herbada silimarin tespit edilmemiştir.Standardize silimarin kuru ekstresi elde etmek için 18 farklı çözücü ve çözücü sistemi ile ekstraksiyon yapılmıştır. Spray Dryer yöntemleri geliştirildikten sonra hazırlanan ekstreler Spray Dryer'e uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen kuru ekstrelerin verimleri ve silimarin içeriğine bakılmıştır. Silimarin kuru ekstresinin en yüksek verimi %10 oranında [etanol: aseton: etil asetatlı (40:30:30)] çözücü sistemi ile hazırlanan ekstrede tespit edilirken elde edilen en düşük verimi ise % 1,5 oranında etil asetat ile hazırlanan ekstrede tayin edilmiştir. Elde edilen kuru ekstreler içerisinde asetonitril ile hazırlanan ekstrede silimarin'in % 75,3 oranında tayin edilmesi ile en verimli çözücü olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Yeni bir YBSK yöntemi geliştirilerek validasyonu yapılmıştır. Geliştirilen YBSK yöntemi ile silimarin'in bileşenlerinde iyi ayrım sağlanarak analiz süresi kısalmıştır.Çözünürlük ve çözünme hızı çalışmaları yürütülerek hazırlanan satandardize silimarin kuru ekstresinin biyoyararlanım ve formülasyon geliştirme çalışmaları için bir temel sağlamıştır. Bitkinin meyvesinden elde edilen sabit yağ metillenerek GC-MS analizi ile yağ asitlerinin tayini yapılmıştır. Palmitik asit %8,50, stearik asit %6,55, oleik asit % 37,31, linoleik asit % 43,52 ve araşidonik asit % 4,05 oranında tespit edilmiştir.AbstractSilybum marianum (L.) Gaertner is 30 ? 100 cm high, a herbaceous plant which belongs to Asteraceae family. The plant naturally grows in the Mediterranian region, at the same time, it widely spreads in a lot many sections of Europe continent, North and South America and as a wild plant widely in Australia. In our country, it is widely found in the North and South regions. Clinical studies have approved that silymarin has a hepatoprotective activity against many toxins. The use of silymarin, the flavonolignan complex found in the plant, in various medical fields, have quite increased the value of the plant. In that context , it is industrially very important to obtain the standardized dry extract of silymarin in an economic and high efficient way.Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertner cultivated in the fields of Agriculture Faculty - Konya Selçuk University have been chosen to obtain the standardized dry extract. Firstly, the plant suitability according to the European Pharmacopoeia was investigated. The content of silymarin in the same plant gathered from the campus of Denizli Pamukkale University and in Edremit Güre ? Balıkesir province was evaluated and it was found that Konya material has the highest value of silymarin content of %3,0686 ±0,1165. By looking into the silymarin amount appointed in the different parts of the same plant, it was found that the fruits have the highest amount whereas silymarin was not determined in root and herba.18 different solvent and solvents systems were used in extraction to obtain the standardized silymarin dry extracts. After the development of spray dryer methods, the prepared extracts were applied to the Spray Dryer. The yield and silymarin content in the dry extracts attained were investigated. At the time that the highest yield of silymarin dry extract was %10 which was obtained from the extract prepared using [(ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate (40:30:30)] solvent system, it was noticed that the lowest yield obtained was %1,5 which was obtained from the extract prepared using ethyl acetate.By looking into the silymarin value in all dry extracts, it was found that acetonitrile extract, showing %75.3 silymarin amount, makes acetonitrile the most effecient solvent used.The validation was done for a new HPLC method. Providing a good partioning of silymarin subsatnces , The new developed HPLC method have shortened the analysis time.The oil obtained from fruit was methylated and applied to the GC-MS, and the fatty acids were investigated. Palmitic acid 8,50%, stearic acid 6,55%, oleic acid 37,31%, linoleic acid 43,52% and archadonic acid 4,05% were established.The resolution and dissolution rate studies were done to give a base for the bioavailability and development of new formulation of the standardized dry extract of silymarin
Preformulation Study of Nanoemulsion Preparation Based on Essential Oils for Wound Healing
No full textkoamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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