28 research outputs found
Society, Worldview and Outreach
No full textAs well as impinging upon issues of law and governance, astrobiology is also bound up with questions concerning who we are and where we come from, worldview questions of a more existential and philosophical sort. The questions that it seeks to tackle have, for centuries, been central to the humanities and to social science disciplines. </p
Science and Research
No full textAstrobiology is one of the new multidisciplinary research fields of the 21st Century requiring collaborations across the physical sciences—astronomers, chemists, geologists, physicists—as well as people from the biosciences and, as discussed in this chapter, the humanities and social sciences. Astrobiology has a along and distinguished history in Europe though only in last decade has it develop its identity as a robust and independent field, one that will be further developed by new structures, such as the European Astrobiology Institute. This chapter looks at how astrobiology will develop in Europe and provide new career paths for next generation of researchers
Numerical Behavior of Models of Composite Materials in E'NDT at 'Low' Frequencies
No full textIn this paperthe numerical modeling of composite materials in view of Nondestructive Testing is considered. The composite material is assumed to be modeled at the macroscopic scale by a possibly complex dielectric permittivity tensor. The material is probed by means of an electromagnetic field having wavelength much larger than the relevant geometrical dimensions. As well known, the numerical modeling is critical especially in this “low-frequency” regime where a strong ill-conditioning of the relevant stiffness matrix typically occur (the so-called low-frequency breakdown problem). The proposednumerical model is robust w.r.t. this underlying ill-conditioning
Differential Diagnosis of Shoulder Joint Pain in Physiotherapy
No full textTato práce pojednává o diferenciální diagnostice traumatických a atraumatických instabilit u vzorku 11 pacientů. 5 z těchto pacientů bylo po ventrální luxaci ramenního kloubu a 6 pacientů trpělo atraumatickou instabilitou ramenního kloubu a symptomy sekundárního impingementu. Pomocí funkčních testů ramenního kloubu bylo možné tyto stavy od sebe klinicky odlišit. Práce se dále zabývá vlivem manuální centrace dle Čápové na bolest v ramenním kloubu a dále vlivem této terapie na výsledek apprehension testu na začátku a na konci rehabilitace. Centrace ramenního kloubu měla vliv na snížení senzitivity apprehension testu a jemu ekvivalentních testů, což se ukázalo být určitým indikátorem zlepšení stability kloubu. V průběhu rehabilitace došlo vlivem terapie ve skupině A i B k redukci hodnot senzorické i afektivní komponenty bolesti.Katedra fyzioterapie a ergoterapieObhájenoThis thesis discusses the differential diagnosis of traumatic and atraumatic instabilities in a sample of 11 patients. 5 of these patients were after anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint and 6 patients had atraumatic shoulder joint instability and secondary impingement symptoms. With the shoulder joint function tests could be these conditions clinically distinguished from each other. Thesis also deals with the influence of manual centering according Capova on pain in the shoulder joint and the influence of this therapy on the outcome of apprehension test at the beginning and the end of rehabilitation. Centration of the shoulder joint had an impact on reducing apprehension test sensitivity and his equivalent tests, which turned out to be a certain indicator of improved stability of the joint. In the course of rehabilitation were due to therapy reduced values of sensory and affective components of pain in group A and B
Mars: new insights and unresolved questions
No full textMars exploration motivates the search for extraterrestrial life, the development of space technologies, and the design of human missions and habitations. Here, we seek new insights and pose unresolved questions relating to the natural history of Mars, habitability, robotic and human exploration, planetary protection, and the impacts on human society. Key observations
and findings include:
– high escape rates of early Mars’ atmosphere, including loss of water, impact present-day habitability;
– putative fossils on Mars will likely be ambiguous biomarkers for life;
– microbial contamination resulting from human habitation is unavoidable; and
– based on Mars’ current planetary protection category, robotic payload(s) should characterize the local martian environment for any life-forms prior to human habitation.Some of the outstanding questions are:– which interpretation of the hemispheric dichotomy of the planet is correct;
– to what degree did deep-penetrating faults transport subsurface liquids to Mars’ surface;
– in what abundance are carbonates formed by atmospheric processes;
– what properties of martian meteorites could be used to constrain their source locations;
– the origin(s) of organic macromolecules;
– was/is Mars inhabited;
– how can missions designed to uncover microbial activity in the subsurface eliminate potential false positives caused by microbial contaminants from Earth;
– how can we ensure that humans and microbes form a stable and benign biosphere; and
– should humans relate to putative extraterrestrial life from a biocentric viewpoint (preservation of all biology), or anthropocentric viewpoint of expanding habitation of space?Studies of Mars’ evolution can shed light on the habitability of extrasolar planets. In addition,
Mars exploration can drive future policy developments and confirm (or put into question) the
feasibility and/or extent of human habitability of space
