1,408 research outputs found
SPECTROSCOPIC REMOTE-SENSING OF MOLECULAR CONSTITUENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE BY LASER-RADAR TECHNIQUES BASED ON OPTICAL SCATTERING PHENOMENA
No full textH. Inaba and T. Kobayasi, Nature, 224, 170, (1969). T. Kobayasi and H. Inaba, Appl. Phys. Letters, 17, 139, (1970). H. Inaba and T. Kobayasi. Invited paper to the Sixth International Quantum Electronics Conference, Kyoto, Japan, September 1970. T. Kobayasi and H. Inaba. Proceedings of IEEE., 58, 1568, (1970).""Author Institution: Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku UniversityThe usefulness of Raman spectroscopy, which is so far recognized as a complementary technique to infrared spectroscopy, can be extended to include various new fields which are unique to itself. The laser-Raman radar scheme detecting the Raman backscattered echoes has been and confirmed experimentally by the present , which is capable of measuring remotely the number density of molecular constituents as well as their species existing not only in the ordinary but also in the polluted atmosphere. This paper wishes to report the operational performance and the experimental results, so far obtained, of our laser-Raman radar as a completely single-ended system for the chemical analysis of the real atmosphere. An alternative method, which utilizes a frequency-tunable dye laser with high repetition rate of pulsed operation is also developed to investigate the resonance spectroscopic effects of a variety of molecules and atoms contained in the lower and upper atmosphere. These effects include the fluorescence and the resonance scatterings along with the resonance Raman scattering, and are expected to improve significantly the sensitivity and the range capability for the constituent analysis of our environmental air
Virus induced gene silencing in Antirrhinum majus using the Cucumber mosaic virus vector : Functional analysis of the AINTEGUMENTA (Am-ANT) gene of A. majus
No full textThe Arabidopsis gene AINTEGUMENTA (At-ANT) functions in cell proliferation and organ growth. The ANT protein has two copies of the AP2 domains, R1 and R2. Recently, a partial cDNA sequence of the At-ANT homolog in Antirrhinum majus (Am-ANT) was reported (Delgado-Benarroch et al., 2009). Here, we used virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to analyze the function of the reported Am-ANT. We then determine the open reading frame (ORF) of Am-ANT and its predicted amino acid sequence. We induced VIGS using Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-A1) and suppressed the level of Am-ANT mRNA and noted any phenotypic changes. The function of Am-ANT was very similar to that of At-ANT. The A1:ANT-infected Antirrhinum plants had smaller floral organs and leaves, even though cell sizes were unchanged in flowers and larger in leaves. The CMV-based VIGS showed that the cloned Am-ANT gene was indeed functional in cell proliferation and organ growth as observed for At-ANT. In A. majus, CMV vector provide great advantages for analysis of gene functions
MEASUREMENTS OF RAMAN CROSS SECTIONS FOR VARIOUS GASES IN THE POLLUTED ATMOSPHERE BY MEANS OF PULSED LASER-RAMAN AND PULSE-GATED PHOTON COUNTING METHODS
No full text H. Inaba and T. Kobayasi, Nature 224, 170 (Oct. 1969) T. Kobayasi and H. Inaba, Appl. Phys. Letters 17, 139 (Aug. 1970); Proc. of the IEEE. 58, 1568 (1970). H. Inaba and T. Kobayasi, Paper presented to 26th Symposium on Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy N4, Columbus, Ohio, June 14-18, 1971. W. F. Murphy, W. Holzer and H. J. Bernstein, Appl. Spectroscopy 23, 211 (1969). D.G. Fouche and R.K. Chang, Appl. Phys. Letters 18, 579 (June 1971).""Author Institution: Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku UniversityFeasibility and potentiality of the laser radar system which detects the Raman-shifted backscattering, either in non-resonant or resonant nature, from chemical contents of atmospheric pollutants to identify and to monitor remotely their concentrations have been However, for the precise measurement of species concentration, the knowledge on the Raman scattering cross sections is always required. This paper presents the measured result and their comparison of the Raman cross sections of various molecules present in the atmosphere such as relative to that of as a reference gas. We employed primarily a molecular nitrogen laser with 10mW average power at 3371 {\AA}, 20 kW peak power of 10 nsec duration and a repetition rate of 50 Hz. Recently, we have succeeded in the operation of transverse excitation atmospheric (TEA) nitrogen laser at 3371 {\AA} which is applicable to the field-use and also to the laboratory experiments. The Raman scattered radiation was observed in a direction perpendicular to the linearly polarized plane of the incident laser beam. The signal was processed by the pulse-gated photon counting method synchronized with the repetitive laser pulse, which is valuable for detecting extremely weak light signals. The accuracy of our measured cross sections is within 10\% and their values were found to agree well with the pre-laser result by Murphy et and the laser result by Fouche et for several gases. It is noteworthy that band has 15 times and band has 7.2 times larger cross section than that of , due possibly to resonance Raman effect at 3371 {\AA}
Ethics for Humanity That May Not Perish
No full textThis work is an English translation of the book “Metsubousurukamosirenai Junrui no tameno Rinrigaku[Ethics for Humanity That May Perish: LongTermism, Transhumanism, and Space Exploration]” by author, Shin-ichiro Inaba, himself. The original Japanese version was written for introducing Longtermism, Existential Risk Theory and related topics to Japanese general readrers. Chapters One and Two trace the origins of longtermism as a theoretical framework and philosophy. Chapter 3 briefly summarizes the theoretical core of what longtermism is and introduces accelerationism and effective accelerationism as adjacent movements that also concern humanity in the super-future. Chapter 4 points out that animal ethics can become a stumbling block for longtermism—giving rise to a peculiar puzzle. Chapters Five and Six examine the difficult problems in intergenerational ethics raised by Parfit, keeping the context of longtermism in mind. Chapter Five focuses on the "repugnant conclusion," while Chapter Six centers on the "non-identity problem." Chapter 7 points out that the "Singleton", according to Bostrom, deemed essential for humanity to survive and develop long-term by overcoming "existential risks," could itself be a source of such risks. Chapter 8 introduces the "Fermi Paradox" – the puzzle of why, despite the vast number of celestial bodies in the universe, extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) remains undiscovered – and demonstrates its deep structural and substantive connection to the theory of existential risks. Chapters 9 and 10 discuss the possibility and desirability of humanity's space exploration. In closing this book, we will briefly touch upon the "eschatological" aspects of these arguments
Ethics for Humanity That May Not Perish
No full textThis work is an English translation of the book “Metsubousurukamosirenai Junrui no tameno Rinrigaku[Ethics for Humanity That May Perish: LongTermism, Transhumanism, and Space Exploration]” by author, Shin-ichiro Inaba, himself. The original Japanese version was written for introducing Longtermism, Existential Risk Theory and related topics to Japanese general readrers. Chapters One and Two trace the origins of longtermism as a theoretical framework and philosophy. Chapter 3 briefly summarizes the theoretical core of what longtermism is and introduces accelerationism and effective accelerationism as adjacent movements that also concern humanity in the super-future. Chapter 4 points out that animal ethics can become a stumbling block for longtermism—giving rise to a peculiar puzzle. Chapters Five and Six examine the difficult problems in intergenerational ethics raised by Parfit, keeping the context of longtermism in mind. Chapter Five focuses on the "repugnant conclusion," while Chapter Six centers on the "non-identity problem." Chapter 7 points out that the "Singleton", according to Bostrom, deemed essential for humanity to survive and develop long-term by overcoming "existential risks," could itself be a source of such risks. Chapter 8 introduces the "Fermi Paradox" – the puzzle of why, despite the vast number of celestial bodies in the universe, extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) remains undiscovered – and demonstrates its deep structural and substantive connection to the theory of existential risks. Chapters 9 and 10 discuss the possibility and desirability of humanity's space exploration. In closing this book, we will briefly touch upon the "eschatological" aspects of these arguments
The works of calligraphy by Inaba Kakei
No full textpdf寛政期の絵入り狂歌本等において、例外的に記名して顕著な活躍をした書家に稲葉貞隆、号華渓がいる。寛政期における江戸の狂歌本の同伴者とでもいうべき存在であったが、向島の木母寺境内にある筆塚の碑文によれば、彼は、三井親和門で篆を得意とし、深川に住んで、寛政十二年、五十一歳で没したことなどが判明する。本稿は、この華渓の活動の足跡をできるかぎり跡づけてみようとしたものである。
華渓が筆工として参加した板本は、寛政二年の勝川春章画『絵本接穂の花』から寛政十一年の葛飾北斎画『東遊』まで十年間で計九本を数える。担当したのは、俳諧、狂歌などの本文はもとより、とくに断らなくとも、題簽、序文も認めたことが多い。ほとんどが絵入り狂歌本であるが、とりわけ重要なのは、寛政四年『狂歌桑之弓』から寛政十年の『男踏歌』までの連年、出された、堤等琳、窪俊満ほかによる合筆春興絵入り狂歌本である。そして、その『男踏歌』を最後に、合筆絵入り狂歌本の筆耕の仕事から身を退いているが、これは板元の蔦屋重三郎の死を契機に、合筆春興狂歌本そのものが終焉を迎えたことが原因である。
同じ頃、華渓は、北斎との結びつきを強めていったごとくで、合筆ではないが、絵入り狂歌本の体裁を受け継いだ寛政十一年の浅草庵編、北斎画『東遊』の筆耕を一部、務めている。また、その直前、寛政十年の初冬、古宗理の十七回忌が営まれたのを機に、俵家の宗理名を離脱して「北斎辰政」と改名する決意を固めていた北斎は、自らの懐旧の句を載せた摺り物を作成し、その書を華渓に担当させた。そのことを勘案すれば、『東遊』に題字を寄せたのは、「北斎辰政」を名乗って自立しようとした、その首途を後押しする意味もあったと思われる。
Inaba Kakei was an exceptional calligrapher who was outstandingly active, by affixing his own signature, in the illustrated Kyoka books in Kansei era. He should be really called the companion for Kyoka books in Edo. According to the inscription of his brushes’ barrow, it could be known that he was a pupil of Mitsui Sin'na and skillfill at seal engraving, living in Fukagawa he died at the age of 51 in Kansei 12th. This article is written for purpose to pursue the achievements of his activities as full as possible.
The wood-block books, which Kakei was engaged as a copyist, could be counted nine from Ehon-tsugiho-no-hana depicted by Katsukawa Shunsho in Kansei 2nd to Azuma-asobi by Katsushika Hokusai in Kansei 11th. Usually he took charge of not only the text of Haikai and Kyoka, but also the title and the preface. Though his works were done within the scope of the illustrated Kyoka books, among them especially important books are the collaborated, by Tsutsumi Torin, Kubo Shunman and several other popular artists, and celebrated New Year books, which were published each year from Kyoka-kuwa-no-yumi in Kansei 4th to Otoko-doka in Kansei 10th. Then after Otoko-doka he was retired from the job of a copyist of the collaborated Kyoka books. Because taking the opportunity of the death of a publisher Tsutaya Junzaburo. The collaborated books themselves meet the end.
In similar periods Kakei has seemed to be become to strengthen the relationship with Hokusai. Above all he was partly employed as a copyist of Azuma-asobi depicted by Hokusai in Kansei 11th. Azuma-asobi was not a collaborated kyoka book, but accurately in herited its style. Besides in October of Kansei 10th Hokusai determined to change his name to Hokusai 'Tokimasa from Tawaraya Sori and therefore prodused the Surimono carried his own Haiku and made Kakei write its calligraphy. In addition to Kakei wrote the words of the beginning of Azuma-asobi. In my view, it could be thought that Kakei purposed to support Hokusai's new start by giving his name as Hokusai Tokimasa.departmental bulletin pape
Review Of Japanese Homes And Lifestyles: An Illustrated Journey Through History By K. Inaba And S. Nakayama, Translated By J. Bester
No full textInaba\u27s slight but costly volume, originally published in Japanese in 1983, is noteworthy for Nakayama\u27s illustrations. Modeled after David Macaulay\u27s series (Cathedral, Pyramid, City), they are exquisitely drawn albeit inevitably fanciful in certain details. But the text is academic and puerile; it reads like a middle school textbook. It assumes a rudimentary knowledge of Japanese history, not expected of the average reader of the translation, and yet, in discussing architecture, it is flatly descriptive with hardly any attempt at critical interpretation. The discussion is chronological but not historical; it lacks a large historical sense of connections and continuities. The author\u27s slant is folk architecture and the text thus slights the dwellings of the nobility and the ruling class--the shinden and the shoin--that have traditionally been overemphasized at the expense of farm houses and townhouses. The fruitful cross-fertilization of the urban and the rural, if that was the author\u27s interest, is not adequately articulated. No footnotes, no bibliography. Not for academic audiences
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