8 research outputs found
Starfruit Leaves as Glucose Absorption Inhibitor in Mice’s Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells
Get PDFBackground: Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola) leaves contain flavone derivatives that exhibit anti-hyperglycemic effects. This study aims to determine the effect of starfruit leaves in reducing glucose absorption in intestinal epithelial cells of mice. Methods: This study was done by performing perfusion on the small intestines of mice. The mice that were used in this study were divided into four groups. The control group was given glucose solution without infused starfruit leaves whereas, the remaining 3 groups were given 3 mmol (540 mg/dL) glucose solution with infused starfruit leaves of varying concentrations; 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg. Samples were collected at 0, 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th minute. The sample was tested for glucose levels using spectrophotometry. Results: Test of significance showed a significant difference between the control group and the test group with p < 0.05. Conclusions: Starfruit leaves have a reduction effect towards glucose absorption in the small intestines in Wistar strains where the group using 600 mg/kg of infused starfruit leaves have the most significant effect as compared to other groups
Coronary Risk Factors and Collateral Circulation in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Get PDFBackground: Coronary arterial stenosis, the major cause of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), induces shear stress to surrounding arteriolar endothelium. This stimulates changes in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and fibroblast to create collaterals that can provide alternative blood flow to the jeopardized myocardial area. However, coronary collateralization is various among AMI patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between coronary risk factors and collateral sirculation in AMI patients.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out to 148 medical records of hospitalized AMI patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. All patients were assessed for coronary collateral circulation which were graded as good (Rentrop score 2–3) and poor (Rentrop score 0–1). Risk factors noted in this study were age group, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and diagnosis (ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) or Non STEMI (NSTEMI)) according to the medical record data.
Results: Hypertension was found to be associated with the presence of good coronary collateral circulation (p=0.02, PR=1.410 [95% CI 1.030-1.930]). Sex, age group, diabetes mellitus and STEMI or NSTEMI diagnosis were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: Hypertension was the only coronary risk factor associated to the presence of well-developed coronary collaterals. The increase of myocardial oxygen demand and flow of collateral feeding coronary artery in the setting of hypertension may contribute to the results
Mitochondrially-Encoded Adenosine Triphosphate Synthase 6 Gene Haplotype Variation Among World Population During 2003-2013
Get PDFBackground: Adaptation and natural selection serve as an important part of evolution. Adaptation in molecular level can lead to genetic drift which causes mutation of genetic material; one of which is polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The aim of this study is to verify the polymorphism of mitochondrially-encoded Adenosine Triphosphate synthase6gene (MT-ATP6) as one of mtDNA building blocks among tropic, sub-tropic, and polar areas. Methods: This descriptive quantitative research used 3,210 mtDNA sequences, taken from GenBank, as secondary data from 27 different populations. The data were grouped into 3 population groups based on the climates of their location. After grouping, the sequences were then aligned and trimmed using Unipro EUGENE, and analysed by Arlequin and MitoTool. Results: Results demonstrated 21 haplotypes distributed among 3 populations with variations between each climate population. In the tropic and sub-tropic populations, the dominant haplotype is h1 while h6 is dominant in the polar population. Conclusions: There is a variation of haplotype polymorphism between tropic, sub-tropic, and polar climate population.  
Isolated Bacteria from Hemodialysis Water Distribution Systems in Hemodialysis Centers in Bandung
Get PDFBackground: Despite the advent of water treatment technology for the past few decades, bacterial contamination is still an everlasting issue that requires solid intervention. Many studies across the world have identified myriad of bacteria that colonize the hemodialysis water distribution system. This study was conducted to identify common bacteria that colonized the hemodialysis water distribution systems in Bandung.
Methods: This was a descriptive laboratory study conducted at the Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran in 2014. Sterile bottles were used to collect 16 samples of reverse osmosis water from 2 hemodialysis centers in Bandung. Approximately 15 ml of water volume was collected in each bottle from 7 standard points for water sampling in hemodialysis system. The samples were first inoculated into R2A agar by pour-plate method and colonies were sub–cultured onto MacConkey and blood agar and the identification was based on Gram stain morphology, colony characteristics, and biochemical tests.
Results: Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas sp. were the two predominant organisms which colonized the hemodialysis water distribution system. In addition, some genus of the Enterobacteriaceae such as Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis were also isolated from the system and seemed to colonize the entire system.
Conclusions: Bacterial contamination in hemodialysis water distribution system in Bandung is still a major problem regardless the efforts taken to minimize it
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK PENCIPTA SOFTWARE YANG NOMOR SERIALNYA DIKOMERSIALKAN TANPA HAK DI CYBER SPACE BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 28 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG HAK CIPTA
Get PDFIntellectual Property Rights consist of various types, one of which is Copyright, Copyright is one of the Intellectual Property Rights that has a broad scope of scope of objects, to the Copyright that is owned, the Author and / or the Copyright Holder get an Exclusive Right on the Work , in which this Exclusive Right consists of 2 (two) types, namely the Moral Right to the Work, and also the Economic Right to the Work. The right to exploit the Work rests with the Author and/or the Copyright Holder of the Work, but there are often violations of the Exclusive Rights in this case the Economic Right which is the Right of the Author and/or the Copyright Holder to obtain economic benefits from the utilization of the Copyright, in which a Work is commercialized without Rights by other Parties who do not have the Right to Commercialize the Work. This study aims to determine the basis of the Liability of those commercializing a Work without Rights, which violates the Exclusive Rights of the Author and/or the Copyright Holder to utilize the Work in order to obtain economic benefits from the Work. This research was conducted using the Normative Jurisdiction research method which examines a problem on the basis of applicable laws and regulations, as well as from views and doctrines in the science of law. The results of this study state that other parties who without the right to commercialize a Work must be held accountable for violating the Exclusive Rights in this case the Exclusive Rights to the Economic Rights of the Author and/or the Copyright Holder.Hak Kekayaan Intelektual terdiri dari berbagai macam jenis, salah satunya Hak Cipta, Hak Cipta merupakan salah satu Hak Kekayaan Intelektual yang memiliki ruang lingkup cakupan obyek yang luas, terhadap Hak Cipta yang dimiliki, Pencipta dan/atau Pemegang Hak Cipta mendapatkan Hak Eksklusif atas Ciptaan tersebut, yang mana Hak Eksklusif ini terdiri dari 2 (dua) macam, yaitu Hak Moral atas Ciptaannya, dan juga Hak Ekonomi atas Ciptaan. Hak untuk mengeksploitasi Ciptaan tersebut terletak pada Pencipta dan/atau Pemegang Hak Cipta dari Ciptaan tersebut, namun seringkali terjadi pelanggaran terhadap Hak Eksklusif yang dalam hal ini ialah Hak Ekonomi yang merupaan Hak dari si Pencipta dan/atau Pemegang Hak Cipta untuk mendapatkan manfaat ekonomi dari pemanfaatan terhadap Hak Cipta tersebut, yang mana suatu Ciptaan dikomersialkan tanpa Hak oleh Pihak lain yang tidak punya Hak untuk Mengkomersialkan Ciptaan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar Tanggung Gugat dari pihak yang mengkomersialkan suatu Ciptaan tanpa Hak, yang melanggar Hak Eksklusif Pencipta dan/atau Pemegang Hak Cipta untuk memanfaatkan Ciptaan tersebut guna mendapatkan manfaat ekonomi dari Ciptaan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan metode penelitian Yuridis Normatif yang mana meneliti suatu masalah dengan dasar peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, juga dari pandangan-pandangan dan doktrin-doktrin dalam ilmu hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pihak lain yang dengan tanpa hak mengkomersialkan suatu Ciptaan harus bertanggung gugat karena melanggar Hak Eksklusif dalam hal ini Hak Eksklusif terhadap Hak Ekonomi dari Pencipta dan/atau Pemegang Hak Cipta
Mitochondrially-Encoded Adenosine Triphosphate Synthase 6 Gene Haplotype Variation among World Population during 2003-2013
No full textBackground: Adaptation and natural selection serve as an important part of evolution. Adaptation in molecular level can lead to genetic drift which causes mutation of genetic material; one of which is polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The aim of this study is to verify the polymorphism of mitochondrially-encoded Adenosine Triphosphate synthase6gene (MT-ATP6) as one of mtDNA building blocks among tropic, sub-tropic, and polar areas. Methods: This descriptive quantitative research used 3,210 mtDNA sequences, taken from GenBank, as secondary data from 27 different populations. The data were grouped into 3 population groups based on the climates of their location. After grouping, the sequences were then aligned and trimmed using Unipro EUGENE, and analysed by Arlequin and MitoTool. Results: Results demonstrated 21 haplotypes distributed among 3 populations with variations between each climate population. In the tropic and sub-tropic populations, the dominant haplotype is h1 while h6 is dominant in the polar population. Conclusions: There is a variation of haplotype polymorphism between tropic, sub-tropic, and polar climate population.  
Corylus avellana L. Husks an Underutilized Waste but a Valuable Source of Polyphenols
Get PDF[EN] Bioactive potential of hazelnut husks was determined as a function of their cultivar source and extraction solvent. Hazelnut husks from four hazelnut cultivars (Butler, Grada de Viseu, Lansing and Morell) were picked in a hazelnut orchard at harvest and extracted with five solvents with different polarity: water, methanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane. Phenolics were identified by HPLC-DAD and antioxidant activity was determined by three complementary methods: DPPH, FRAP and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. A total of 11 phenolics were identified in studied cultivars and grouped in five main classes namely, ellagitannin (ellagic acid), benzoic acids (gallic acid, protocatechuic acid and vanillic acid), flavonols (kaempferol-3,7-O-diglucoside, kaempferol-3-O-[6-acetylglucoside]-7-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-[6acetylglucoside]-7-O-rhamnoside and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside), flavone (luteolin-7-O-rutinoside) and flavan-3-ol (epicatechin). Cultivar and extraction solvent influenced significantly (p < 0.001) the extraction yield. 'Grada de Viseu' husks presented the highest content of individual phenolics identified, particularly in methanol extracts whilst 'Lansing' showed the lowest levels. Similar pattern was found for antioxidant activities. Methanolic husk extracts exhibited the greatest antioxidant potentials followed by water and acetone. The valorization of hazelnuts by-products gives an important contribution for the isolation and purification of bioactive molecules that can be used for both medicinal and industrial purposes.The author Sandra Cabo acknowledges the financial support by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (PB/BD/113615/2015) under the Doctoral Programme "Agricultural Production Chains-from fork to farm" (PD/00122/2012). The authors also acknowledge the financial support provided by National Funds from FCT, under the project UID/AGR/04033/2019. 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Starfruit Leaves as Glucose Absorption Inhibitor in Mice’s Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells
No full textBackground: Starfruit (Averrhoa carambola) leaves contain flavone derivatives that exhibit anti-hyperglycemic effects. This study aims to determine the effect of starfruit leaves in reducing glucose absorption in intestinal epithelial cells of mice. Methods: This study was done by performing perfusion on the small intestines of mice. The mice that were used in this study were divided into four groups. The control group was given glucose solution without infused starfruit leaves whereas, the remaining 3 groups were given 3 mmol (540 mg/dL) glucose solution with infused starfruit leaves of varying concentrations; 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg. Samples were collected at 0, 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th minute. The sample was tested for glucose levels using spectrophotometry. Results: Test of significance showed a significant difference between the control group and the test group with p < 0.05. Conclusions: Starfruit leaves have a reduction effect towards glucose absorption in the small intestines in Wistar strains where the group using 600 mg/kg of infused starfruit leaves have the most significant effect as compared to other groups
