E-Journal Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran / E-Jurnal Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Padjadjaran
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Avicenna Perpective of Learning-Difficulties, Screen-Time, and Emotional-Behavioral Issues in Children with Tuberculosis
No full textPediatric tuberculosis has become a significant issue in Indonesia, affecting physical, mental, social, and educational aspects of the child. This correlational quantitative study aimed to analyze the correlation between learning-difficulties, screen-time, and emotional-behavioral issues of children with tuberculosis from the perspective of Avicenna. Data collection was performed on 68 children aged 5–12 years in Cirebon, Indonesia, during December 2024. Learning-difficulties were assessed using the Collorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire in mathematics and language proficiency tests, while emotional-behavioral issues were measured using the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17. Data analysis was then performed using the Spearman-Rank correlation test. Results showed that there was no significant relationship between learning-difficulties and children's emotional-behavioral issues in either language (r=0.56, p>0.05) or mathematics (r=0.212, p>0.05). However, excessive screen-time was significantly associated with emotional-behavioral issues (r=0.63, p<0.05). Avicenna's perspective shows the importance of balancing physical, mental, and spiritual health to support children's development. This study recommends reducing screen-time, providing family support, and integrating spiritual values into health interventions for children with tuberculosis to mitigate the psychosocial impacts of the disease. Thus, a holistic approach grounded in cultural and spiritual values for managing the condition is crucial
Correlation between Health Service Quality, TB Patient Behavior, and Treatment Compliance
No full textBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Indonesia, where treatment adherence is essential for preventing drug resistance, treatment failure, and continued transmission. The quality of health services and patient behavior are key determinants influencing adherence, particularly at the primary healthcare level.Objective: To analyze the effect of health services and tuberculosis (TB) patients’ behavior on adherence to TB treatment in Palu City.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 TB patients attending 14 community health centers (Puskesmas) in Palu City, Indonesia, selected through cluster random sampling. Data were collected from August to September 2024 using structured questionnaires. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed, with statistical testing conducted using the Spearman rank correlation at a 95% confidence level (α = 0.05).Results: Most respondents were from Talise Health Center (12%), aged 21–29 years (24%), self-employed (50%), and had completed high school education (45%). Overall, 84% were treatment-compliant, and 97% demonstrated a positive attitude. All respondents with a less favorable attitude were non-compliant, while 86.6% of those with a good attitude were compliant. Regarding health services, 96% reported good services, and 86.5% of them were compliant, compared to 25% among those with poor services. Significant associations were found between attitude (ρ = 0.000, r = 0.417), health service quality (ρ = 0.000, r = 0.455), and treatment adherence.Conclusion: There is a significant association between the quality of healthcare services, patient attitudes, and adherence to TB treatment. Strengthening patient-centered services and ongoing counseling at Puskesmas are essential to sustain treatment success and reduce transmission
Correlation of Fat Mass, Muscle Mass, and Basal Metabolic Rate with Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women
No full textBackground: Bone health is an important aspect of aging, particularly in postmenopausal women who experience estrogen deficiency that increases the risk of osteoporosis and related complications. Although components of body composition have individually been associated with bone health, their relative contributions remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to examine the correlations of fat mass, muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate (BMR) with bone mass in postmenopausal women.Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in March 2025 using data from 40 postmenopausal women obtained from the Bandung Sport and Health Nabati Nutrition (B-SHENN) Project. Spearman’s rho correlations analysis was used to assess relationships between fat mass, muscle mass, BMR and bone mass. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify the most influential predictor of bone mass.Results: Fat mass, muscle mass, and BMR were all significantly and positively correlated with bone mass (p<0.001). Among these variables, muscle mass showed the strongest correlation with bone mass (r=0.991). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that muscle mass was the only independent predictor significantly associated with bone mass (B=0.069; p=0.022).Conclusions: Fat mass, muscle mass, and BMR are associated with bone mass in postmenopausal women, with muscle mass emerging as the strongest predictor. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining or increasing muscle mass as a key modifiable factor in strategies to preserve bone health and reduce osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal women
PERBANDINGAN AKURASI DAN PRESISI PERHITUNGAN RESTING ENERGY EXPENDITURE (REE) RULE OF THUMB, MODIFIKASI HARRIS – BENEDICT, DAN PENN STATE TERHADAP KALORIMETRI INDIREK PADA PASIEN ICU
No full textPenentuan kebutuhan energi pada pasien kritis sangat penting untuk mencegah underfeeding maupun overfeeding yang dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan akurasi dan presisi tiga rumus prediktif-Harris-Benedict modifikasi (HBE × 1,25), Penn State (PSU), dan Rule of Thumb (ROT)-dengan kalorimetri indirek (IC) sebagai gold standard pada pasien ICU dengan ventilasi mekanik. Desain penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik terhadap 30 pasien di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin dan RSUD Sumedang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. REE dihitung menggunakan ketiga rumus prediktif dan dibanding dengan hasil IC. Akurasi tertinggi diperoleh dari PSU (63,33%), diikuti ROT (46,67%) dan HBE×1,25 (30,00%) (p<0,05). Presisi tertinggi juga ditemukan pada PSU (ICC=0,713), diikuti HBE × 1,25 (0,592) dan ROT (0,462). Analisis Bland–Altman menunjukkan bias terkecil pada PSU (-81,56 kkal), dibandingkan HBE × 1,25 (-60,41 kkal) dan ROT (123,72 kkal). Simpulan, rumus PSU memiliki akurasi dan presisi terbaik dalam memperkirakan REE pada pasien kritis. Namun, pemantauan individual tetap diperlukan karena potensi bias. Penghitungan kalori yang optimal merupakan faktor penting yang berhubungan denganpemberian nutrisi pada pasien kritis. Kalorimetri indirek menjadi gold standardpenghitungan kebutuhan nutrisi pada pasien kritis, namun terbatas pada penggunaannya. Beberapa rumus prediktif digunakan untuk menghitung kebutuhan kalori pada pasien kritis,seperti Rule of Thumb, modifikasi Harris-Benedict, dan Penn State dengan Tingkat akurasiyang berbeda. Penelitian ini membandingkan akurasi dan presisi penghitungan RestingEnergy Expenditure (REE) pada pasien kritis antara rumus Rule of Thumb, modifikasiHarris-Benedict, dan Penn State terhadap kalorimetri indirek. Penelitian ini bersifatmerupakan prospektif observasional. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 30 pasien ICU RSUP Dr.Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan RSUD Kabupaten Sumedang yang dirawat dari bulan Juli -November 2024 yang menggunakan ventilator. Nilai akurasi ditentukan berdasarkanproporsi kesalahan estimasi 10%. Nilai presisi ditentukan melalui penghitungan Inter ClassCorrelation (ICC) dan analisis Bland Altman. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan akurasi rumusRule of Thumb, modifikasi Harris-Benedict, dan Penn State sebesar 46,67%, 30%, dan63,33% secara berturutan. Akurasi yang dihitung berdasarkan ICC pada rumus Rule ofThumb, modifikasi Harris-Benedict, dan Penn State yaitu 0,462 (moderate agreement);0,592 (moderate agreement); dan 0,713 (good agreement). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian inidapat disimpulkan bahwa rumus Penn State memiliki akurasi dan presisi yang lebih tinggidibandingkan rumus Rule of Thumb dan modifikasi Harris-Benedict. Hasil peneltian inidiharapkan dapat membantu dalam meningkatkan manajemen pemberian nutrisi di ICU
Manajemen Anestesi Perioperatif Operasi Bypass Jantung pada Pasien dengan Fraksi Ejeksi 26 % dan Regurgitasi Aorta Berat
No full textPenyakit jantung koroner (PJK) merupakan kondisi ketika suplai darah ke miokardium tidak optimal akibat pengerasan dan penyempitan arteri koroner, dan menjadi penyebab 26,4% kematian di Indonesia. Regurgitasi aorta adalah aliran balik darah pada fase diastole dari aorta ke ventrikel kiri yang terjadi akibat kegagalan koaptasi katup aorta, baik karena kelainan pada daun katup aorta maupun akar aorta. Kondisi ini menyebabkan beban volume berlebih pada atrium dan ventrikel kiri, meningkatkan tekanan ventrikel kiri, menimbulkan disfungsi ventrikel, serta mengurangi perfusi koroner. Laporan kasus ini membahas manajemen anestesi pada pasien laki-laki berusia 65 tahun dengan PJK dan regurgitasi aorta berat yang menjalani operasi bypass arteri koroner dan penggantian katup aorta di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita pada Maret 2025. Pasien dengan fraksi ejeksi rendah dan regurgitasi aorta memerlukan strategi anestesi yang cermat karena berisiko mengalami penurunan curah jantung, berkurangnya perfusi sistemik, serta perburukan kondisi hemodinamik. Operasi berlangsung selama 5,5 jam, pasien dipindahkan ke unit perawatan intensif, dilakukan ekstubasi 24 jam pascaoperasi, dan dirawat selama 4 hari di ruang intensif. AbstrakPenyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK) merupakan kondisi di mana suplai darah ke miokardium tidak optimal akibat pengerasan dan penyempitan arteri koroner dan menjadi penyebab 26,4% kematian di Indonesia. Regurgitasi aorta adalah pembalikan aliran darah diastolik dari aorta ke ventrikel kiri. Regurgitasi aorta terjadi akibat kegagalan koaptasi daun katup aorta yang disebabkan oleh penyakit pada daun katup aorta atau akar aorta. Regurgitasi Aorta dapat mengakibatkan kelebihan volume pada atrium dan ventrikel kiri sehingga dapat meningkatkan tekanan ventrikel kiri, menyebabkan disfungsi ventrikel kiri dan kemudian mengakibatkan perfusi koroner yang berkurang. Laporan kasus ini menggambarkan manajemen anestesi pada pasien laki-laki berusia 65 tahun dengan PJK dan Regurgitasi Aorta berat yang menjalani operasi bypass arteri koroner dan penggantian katup aorta. Pasien yang menjalani operasi operasi bypass arteri koroner dengan penyakit Regurgitasi Aorta harus menerapkan rencana anestesi dan pertimbangan khusus yang dibutuhkan pasien pada saat pembedahan. Operasi berlangsung selama 5,5 jam dan pasien dipindakan ke ruang intensif. Pasien dilakukan ekstubasi setelah 24 jam paskaoperasi dangan lama perawatan di ruang intensif selama 4 hari. Kata kunci: Penyakit Jantung Koroner, Regurgitasi Aorta, Ventrikel kir
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Mimosa pudica L. in Indonesian Traditional Medicine
Full text linkBackground: Traditional medicine and traditional healers have a long history of treating diseases in Indonesia. One of the plants that has been used by traditional healers (battra) is Mimosa pudica L. (MP), which is easily found throughout Indonesia. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of traditional herbal medicine containing MP by battra in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a descriptive method using secondary data from the Research on Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicine (Riset tumbuhan obat dan jamu/RISTOJA), which was conducted in 2012, 2015 and 2017 by the Ministry of Health Indonesia. This study analyzed the utility of MP from 106 concoctions made by 90 battras, from 80 ethnic groups in 23 provinces of Indonesia. Concoctions were categorised based on the parts used, and the herbs’ composition, including preparation and administration. Results: Mimosa pudica L. (MP) in 106 concoctions divided into 48 single-plant uses and 70 multi-plants uses, to treat 38 diseases. The most concoctions were for skin diseases (10 concoctions), followed by rheumatism and gout (9), tumor/cancer and cough (8), haemorrhoids (7), diabetes (6), low back pain (4), and jaundice (4). The most common administration was orally (65.1%). The leaves were the most widely used in herbal medicine, by drinking after being boiled in water.Conclusions: This study provides information on the use of Mimosa pudica L. (MP) concoctions by battra from various ethnic groups and provinces in Indonesia. MP has a variety of pharmacological activities that are consistent with its use in traditional medicine, even potentially addressing age-related diseases such as antidiabetic, anticholesterol, and antihyperlipidemic. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of multi-ingredient herbal medicines, as well as its preparation and administration in relation to hygiene
Spatial Pattern Analysis of Dating Status as a Risk Factor on Adolescent Sexual Activity in Surabaya, Indonesia
Full text linkBackground: Many adolescents misinterpret the definition of sexual activity, which is only generalized as having sex. In fact, many other activities can trigger the emergence of sexually transmitted infections. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze various factors that influence the occurrence of sexual activity in adolescents.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional analytical design with non-probability sampling involving 152 active college students aged 18-24 years from Surabaya, Indonesia. Data was collected using a questionnaire about their experiences of sexual activity at a young age. The questionnaire was distributed online in July–August 2023. The data obtained was analyzed using the chi-square test and simple logistic regression. Then, Q-GIS software was used to describe data spatially. Results: Dating relationship status had an association with the occurrence of sexual activity (p-value= 0.00; OR: 8.84; 95%CI: 3.34 - 23.40). Spatial data showed that sexual activity of students in the eastern region of Surabaya City had a relatively high rate compared to other regions. Conclusion: Dating relationship status is associated with sexual activity. This study also shows that students who have ever dated and who have had sexual relations is directly proportional in each region in Surabaya. Awareness and education of adolescents about healthy sexual activities should be increased to protect them from the negative impacts of premarital sex
Sexual Violence among University Medical Students in Sumatera, Indonesia
Full text linkSexual violence is a pervasive issue affecting both adults and children globally, resulting in severe trauma for victims. Due to the power dynamics, this problem also extends to educational institutions, including universities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate incidents of sexual violence among medical students at a state university in West Sumatra, Indonesia in 2023. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to pre-clinical and clinical medical students. A total of 1,170 students were included as respondents, of which 9.66% of them reported experiencing sexual violence. Specifically, 46.% of respondents had previous experience of sexual violence, and 42.5% of these occurred during their time as university students. The most common forms were non-physical sexual violence, accounting for 35% of reported cases, with 30.3% of the perpetrators being strangers. Over half of the victims experienced sexual violence more than once, and only 46.2% of victims reported their experience. This study showed that sexual violence affected medical students, mainly in non-physical forms, with a low reporting rate. Consequently, collaboration between campus leaders and the academic community is crucial to empower victims in participating and creating an environment that is free from sexual violence. Preventive efforts must also be comprehensive, engaging multiple sectors and community, to effectively combat sexual violence in universities
Effect of Isocenter Placement at Nasion and Symphysis Menti on the Quality of MRI Images in Cases of Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Full text linkMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examinations require precise placement of the isocenter as it directly influences the quality of MRI images. In the context of nasopharyngeal MRI examinations, different opinions regarding the optimal placement of the isocenter exist. Currently, two methods of isocenter placement are commonly applied, i.e., nasion and symphysis menti isocenter placement. This study aimed to analyze how these different isocenter placements affect the quality of MRI images in T2 Turbo Spin Echo sequences of the nasopharynx in the coronal plane. This study was conducted in June 2023 at the Radiology Installation of Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. This study used the quantitative experimental approach. Six samples were purposively selected from nasopharyngeal cancer patients, and two treatments were conducted: isocenter placement at the nasion and isocenter placement at the symphysis menti. Data processing was performed using a statistical software. The results of the Wilcoxon test for image quality from the perspective of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) yielded a p-value of 0.173, which was greater than 0.05, indicating that there was no significant difference in image quality as measured by the SNR between the two isocenter placements. Similarly, the paired sample t-test for image quality in terms of the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) resulted in a p-value of 0.610, which was also greater than 0.05. This demonstrated no significant difference in the image quality between the two isocenter placements from the perspective of the CNR measures. Thus, both isocenter placements resulted in comparable image quality
HbA1c Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With and Without Obesity in An Indonesian Regional Hospital
No full textDiabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or impaired insulin function. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that approximately 463 million people aged 20 to 79 years old were affected by DM worldwide in 2019. Indonesia is the third highest with a prevalence of 11.3%. More than 90% of diabetic patients are obese which reduced insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to determine the difference in HbA1c levels between obese and non-obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) at Tarakan Regional Hospital, Indonesia. Data from medical records of T2DM patients from January to December 2023 were collected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using consecutive sampling method, resulting in 128 samples. The results of the study, as determined using the Mann Whitney test, indicated a significant difference in the HbA1c levels between T2DM patients with and without obesity (p=0.031), with non-obese T2DM patients tend to have better HbA1c control compared to their obese counterparts. Thus, it can be inferred that obesity affects the blood glucose control in diabetic patients. However, this result needs to be further researched as there are a few limitations inherent to this study, particularly the partial availability of certain medical record information, such as duration of diagnosis and medication adherence