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Book review: Everyday Resistance: French Activism in the 21st Century
No full textInternational audienceBook review of Frère Bruno et Jacquemain Marc (dirs.), Everyday Resistance: French Activism in the 21st Century, [s.l.] : Palgrave Macmillan, 2020
Des images de la globalisation. Analyse des imaginaires de la globalisation au sein du MR et d’Attac
No full textWhat are the resources which the unemployed persons mobilize for defending what they identify as being their interests?
Get PDFIt is the study, through interviews, participating observation and documentary investigation, of the resources which the unemployed persons have alongside those that they create and those, already existing, that they mobilize. The notion of resource exceeds the purely material frame to include also social, cultural, political and organizational resources. To do this, we have to investigate both the isolated unemployed persons and activist collectives (F.G.T.B., C.S.C ., "Chômeur actif", "Chômeur pas chien !" et "Stop chasse aux chômeurs"). We discovered that the difficulties connected to the way of life of unemployed persons (feeling of uselessness, financial difficulties, boredom, social isolation, etc.) generate, according to the individuals social contexts and trajectories of life, either a brake or fuel towards the constitution of a protest movement. Our study, also shows, by the comparison of independent collectives and trade unions, that without support and relays with the workers, the unemployed persons collectives and associations are compromised.Il s’agit d’étudier, au travers des entretiens, de l’observation participante et de la recherche documentaire, à la fois les ressources dont les chômeurs disposent, celles qu’ils créent et celles, déjà existantes, qu’ils mobilisent. La notion de ressource dépasse le cadre purement matériel pour également reprendre les ressources sociales, culturelles, politiques et organisationnelles. Pour ce faire, nous avons investigué à la fois auprès de chômeurs isolés ainsi qu’auprès de collectifs militants (groupes spécifiques des Travailleurs Sans-Emploi de la F.G.T.B. et de la C.S.C., "Chômeur actif", "Chômeur pas chien !" et "Stop chasse aux chômeurs"). Nous avons découverts que les difficultés liées au mode de vie des chômeurs (sentiment d’inutilité, difficultés financières, ennui, isolement social, etc.) constituent, selon le contexte social et les trajectoires de vie individuelle, soit un frein soit des ressources à la constitution d’un mouvement social. Notre étude, notamment par la comparaison de collectifs indépendants et des syndicats, pointe également, que sans soutien et relais avec les travailleurs, les organisations de lutte des chômeurs sont compromises
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
conclusion of The everyday resistance
Get PDFThe historic power of the workers’ movement, inspired by Marx, was to “name” its shared condition of existence, the substrate of the multitude of injustices of which wage-earners, principally, were victims: exploitation. The strength of this movement, which since the 19th century has made it possible to achieve so much in the social sphere, was precisely that it was fuelled by individuals driven by their shared experience to unite with a shared voice, beyond their neighbourhoods or their factories. Today, recognising shared reasons to struggle is not so simple in an extremely heterogeneous wage-earning society, which extends from the best-protected to the most precarious and encompasses a large part of the income spectrum. There is a great temptation to leave real political power in the hands of the (capitalist) institutions in order to content themselves with the modest and ordinary – but often more immediately effective – politics of the nearby. But this does not mean that the new precariat (Standing) all around the world is not active. It changes the world locally and is willing to be gathered in a new common imaginary, gathering working social movements and contemporary minorities social movements
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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