1,720,963 research outputs found
Forms of Capital in Navigating Health and Welfare Services for Disabled Children: Parental Resources and Institutional Demands
No full textUnge i trafikken
Full text linkNotatet presenterer en gjennomgang av forskning om unge i Norge i dag, resultater fra ungdataundersøkelsene og forskning om unge i trafikken. Unge i trafikken representerer ei særlig utsatt gruppe, med høy risiko for trafikkulykker sammenligna med andre aldersgrupper. Dette notatet tar sikte på å utforske hvilke faktorer som påvirker unges holdninger og atferd generelt og i trafikken. Formålet er å gi innsikt i hva som kjennetegner dagens unge, og hvordan samfunnsmessige trender og endringer i oppvekstsvilkår kan bidra til å forstå trafikkatferd og fremme tryggere trafikkmiljøer.
Notatet er basert på en litteraturgjennomgang av norsk og internasjonal forskning samt analyser av data fra ungdataundersøkelsene.
Prosjektet er gjennomført på oppdrag fra Statens vegvesen.publishedVersio
School’s Out! A Quantitative study of Organized Activities, Social Background, and Academic Achievement among Oslo Youth
No full textIn this thesis, I explore the associations between participation in organized activities, class, and academic achievement among upper secondary school students in Oslo. Sociological research concludes that social origin is linked to activity participation and this is a source of unequal academic achievement. However, little is known about how participation in organized activities is associated with academic achievement in Norway. Three research questions are posed: (1) What is the relation between parental economic and cultural resources and activity participation? (2) What is the association between activity participation and academic achievement? (3) How is the association between activity participation and academic achievement affected by socioeconomic background? I use the survey “Young in Oslo 2018” with a subsample of upper secondary students and investigate the research questions using logistic and ordinary least regression techniques. Throughout the thesis, I argue that we need to consider social inequality when researching youth participation in organized activities. Recent theoretical contributions disagree on whether unequal participation is primarily influenced by financial or cultural resources. I investigate how these different types of parental resources affect the chances of participation in organized activities. I find that the impact of cultural and financial resources differs according to the type of activity, while the impact does not vary when exploring activity participation in general. I argue that we need to understand both the role of economic and cultural factors when facilitating participation in organized activities. Moreover, I examine the association between activity participation and academic achievement. I find a positive association between activity participation in structured activities such as sports teams and cultural activities and academic achievement. In contrast, I find a negative association between participation in youth clubs and academic achievement. I argue that the role of structure in the activity context is vital for understanding why some activities are associated with positive outcomes. Finally, I examine interactions between activity participation and social background. I find that students with high socioeconomic backgrounds show a positive significant association between activity participation and academic achievement, while students with low socioeconomic backgrounds do not. I discuss how families prepare youth unequally for activity participation and how this can explain why some groups seem to benefit more from organized activities than other. Additionally, I discuss methodological issues such as conceptions of activity participation, causality, and selection bias, and point to the need for further research on the topic
Familier med funksjonshemma barn i velferdsstaten : En kvalitativ studie av foreldre med funksjonshemma barn, koordinator og hjelpeapparatet
No full textIn this thesis, I investigate the encounters between parents with disabled children and welfare services. Previous research has highlighted how families with disabled children experience a lack of support from the welfare state. I build on previous research by combining the perspectives of parents and service providers. Particularly, I investigate the system of coordinators for users who require long-lasting and comprehensive services. The thesis uses a longitudinal qualitative dataset consisting of individual interviews with parents and coordinators, observations of meetings, and focus groups with coordinators. The sample consists of 12 parents and 39 coordinators. In the articles, I explore how the interactions between parents and coordinators are framed by social policy and social structure. In the first article, I explore how parents and coordinators negotiate tasks related to the coordination and administration of services. I use the concept of administrative burden to conceptualise what costs parents face in navigating welfare services. The findings demonstrate that coordinators vary in their interpretation of which tasks fall under their responsibility, and which tasks are deemed ordinary parental responsibilities. In the second article, I explore whether levels of cultural capital and family resources influence communication with professionals among parents with disabled children. The findings suggest that working-class and middle-class parents differ in how they communicate with professionals and deal with frustration. Furthermore, I show that factors such as support from one’s family and network, possessing economic and material resources, as well as having an involved coordinator, were important for the parents’ everyday navigation of welfare services. In the third article, my co-authors and I address the declining use of Individual Plan in welfare services. We identify three main reasons why Individual Plan is not used: Individual Plan is not seen as useful for the user, other professionals do not get involved in the plan, and the digital tool for Individual Plan is seen as cumbersome. The thesis contributes with novel perspectives on the encounters between parents with disabled children and the welfare state. In sum, the thesis shows how families with disabled children experience a gap between their expectations of welfare services and the reality they face. Moreover, the system of coordinators lacks resources, which leads to arbitrariness. I also argue that the system of coordinators and Individual Plan do not address the main challenges for families, how they experience a lack of services, and administrative burdens.I denne avhandlinga undersøker jeg møtet mellom foreldre med funksjonshemma barn og hjelpeapparatet. Tidligere forskning har vist at familier med funksjonshemma barn opplever manglende støtte fra det offentlige. Jeg bygger videre på tidligere forskning ved å se foreldre og tjenesteytere sine perspektiver i sammenheng. Spesielt retter jeg søkelys på ordninga med koordinator for personer med behov for langvarige og koordinerte tjenester. Koordinator skal sørge for nødvendig oppfølging av den enkelte bruker, samt sikre samordning av tjenestetilbudet. Avhandlinga bygger på et longitudinelt kvalitativt datamateriale bestående av individuelle intervjuer med foreldre og koordinator, observasjoner av ansvarsgruppemøter og fokusgruppeintervjuer med koordinatorer. Utvalget består av totalt 12 foreldre og 39 koordinatorer. I avhandlingas tre artikler, er jeg opptatt av hvordan møtet rammes inn av sosiale strukturer og sosialpolitiske betingelser. I artikkel 1 undersøker jeg hvordan koordinatorer og foreldre forhandler oppgaver knyttet til koordinering og tilrettelegging av tjenestetilbudet. Jeg bruker begrepet administrative byrder for å begrepsfeste ulike kostnader foreldrene har når de håndterer møtet med hjelpeapparatet. Jeg finner at koordinatorene varierer i hvilke oppgaver de ser som del av sin rolle og hvilke oppgaver de forstår som et ordinært foreldreansvar. I artikkel 2 undersøker jeg hvordan kulturell kapital og andre ressurser påvirker foreldre med funksjonshemma barn og deres møter og kommunikasjon med profesjonelle. Jeg finner at arbeiderklasse- og middelklasseforeldre varierer i hvordan de kommuniserer med fagpersoner og hvordan de håndterer frustrasjon. Videre viser jeg hvordan forhold som støtte fra familie og nettverk, det å ha økonomiske og materielle ressurser og det å ha en involvert koordinator er viktig for familiens hverdag og manøvrering i hjelpeapparatet. I artikkel 3 undersøker jeg og mine medforfattere den synkende bruken av individuell plan i velferdstjenester. Vi identifiserer tre hovedgrunner til hvorfor individuell plan ikke tas i bruk: Det digitale verktøyet oppleves som tungvint, individuell plan ses ikke som nyttig for brukeren og det er manglende involvering fra andre fagpersoner. Avhandlinga bidrar med nye perspektiver på møtet mellom foreldre med funksjonshemma barn og velferdsstaten. Samla sett viser jeg at foreldre med funksjonshemma barn opplever et gap mellom forventninger til hjelpeapparatet og realiteten de møter. Videre synliggjør avhandlinga at dagens ordning med koordinator har få ressurser og preges av vilkårlighet. Jeg problematiserer også hvordan ordninga med koordinator og individuell plan kommer til kort i å adressere de grunnleggende utfordringene til foreldre med funksjonshemma barn, nemlig mangel på tjenester og store administrative byrder
Familier med funksjonshemma barn i velferdsstaten - En kvalitativ studie av foreldre med funksjonshemma barn, koordinator og hjelpeapparatet
Full text linkI denne avhandlinga undersøker jeg møtet mellom foreldre med funksjonshemma barn og hjelpeapparatet. Tidligere forskning har vist at familier med funksjonshemma barn opplever manglende støtte fra det offentlige. Jeg bygger videre på tidligere forskning ved å se foreldre og tjenesteytere sine perspektiver i sammenheng. Spesielt retter jeg søkelys på ordninga med koordinator for personer med behov for langvarige og koordinerte tjenester. Koordinator skal sørge for nødvendig oppfølging av den enkelte bruker, samt sikre samordning av tjenestetilbudet. Avhandlinga bygger på et longitudinelt kvalitativt datamateriale bestående av individuelle intervjuer med foreldre og koordinator, observasjoner av ansvarsgruppemøter og fokusgruppeintervjuer med koordinatorer. Utvalget består av totalt 12 foreldre og 39 koordinatorer. I avhandlingas tre artikler, er jeg opptatt av hvordan møtet rammes inn av sosiale strukturer og sosialpolitiske betingelser. I artikkel 1 undersøker jeg hvordan koordinatorer og foreldre forhandler oppgaver knyttet til koordinering og tilrettelegging av tjenestetilbudet. Jeg bruker begrepet administrative byrder for å begrepsfeste ulike kostnader foreldrene har når de håndterer møtet med hjelpeapparatet. Jeg finner at koordinatorene varierer i hvilke oppgaver de ser som del av sin rolle og hvilke oppgaver de forstår som et ordinært foreldreansvar. I artikkel 2 undersøker jeg hvordan kulturell kapital og andre ressurser påvirker foreldre med funksjonshemma barn og deres møter og kommunikasjon med profesjonelle. Jeg finner at arbeiderklasse- og middelklasseforeldre varierer i hvordan de kommuniserer med fagpersoner og hvordan de håndterer frustrasjon. Videre viser jeg hvordan forhold som støtte fra familie og nettverk, det å ha økonomiske og materielle ressurser og det å ha en involvert koordinator er viktig for familiens hverdag og manøvrering i hjelpeapparatet. I artikkel 3 undersøker jeg og mine medforfattere den synkende bruken av individuell plan i velferdstjenester. Vi identifiserer tre hovedgrunner til hvorfor individuell plan ikke tas i bruk: Det digitale verktøyet oppleves som tungvint, individuell plan ses ikke som nyttig for brukeren og det er manglende involvering fra andre fagpersoner. Avhandlinga bidrar med nye perspektiver på møtet mellom foreldre med funksjonshemma barn og velferdsstaten. Samla sett viser jeg at foreldre med funksjonshemma barn opplever et gap mellom forventninger til hjelpeapparatet og realiteten de møter. Videre synliggjør avhandlinga at dagens ordning med koordinator har få ressurser og preges av vilkårlighet. Jeg problematiserer også hvordan ordninga med koordinator og individuell plan kommer til kort i å adressere de grunnleggende utfordringene til foreldre med funksjonshemma barn, nemlig mangel på tjenester og store administrative byrder.
In this thesis, I investigate the encounters between parents with disabled children and welfare services. Previous research has highlighted how families with disabled children experience a lack of support from the welfare state. I build on previous research by combining the perspectives of parents and service providers. Particularly, I investigate the system of coordinators for users who require long-lasting and comprehensive services. The thesis uses a longitudinal qualitative dataset consisting of individual interviews with parents and coordinators, observations of meetings, and focus groups with coordinators. The sample consists of 12 parents and 39 coordinators. In the articles, I explore how the interactions between parents and coordinators are framed by social policy and social structure. In the first article, I explore how parents and coordinators negotiate tasks related to the coordination and administration of services. I use the concept of administrative burden to conceptualise what costs parents face in navigating welfare services. The findings demonstrate that coordinators vary in their interpretation of which tasks fall under their responsibility, and which tasks are deemed ordinary parental responsibilities. In the second article, I explore whether levels of cultural capital and family resources influence communication with professionals among parents with disabled children. The findings suggest that working-class and middle-class parents differ in how they communicate with professionals and deal with frustration. Furthermore, I show that factors such as support from one’s family and network, possessing economic and material resources, as well as having an involved coordinator, were important for the parents’ everyday navigation of welfare services. In the third article, my co-authors and I address the declining use of Individual Plan in welfare services. We identify three main reasons why Individual Plan is not used: Individual Plan is not seen as useful for the user, other professionals do not get involved in the plan, and the digital tool for Individual Plan is seen as cumbersome. The thesis contributes with novel perspectives on the encounters between parents with disabled children and the welfare state. In sum, the thesis shows how families with disabled children experience a gap between their expectations of welfare services and the reality they face. Moreover, the system of coordinators lacks resources, which leads to arbitrariness. I also argue that the system of coordinators and Individual Plan do not address the main challenges for families, how they experience a lack of services, and administrative burdens.publishedVersio
Negotiating the Administrative Burden: The Navigation of Welfare Services by Parents with Disabled Children
Full text linkDrawing on interviews with parents and coordinators, this paper explores the system for
providing public service coordinators to parents with disabled children in Norway and
how parents and coordinators understand and negotiate their roles in administering
public services. Coordinators are service providers employed by municipalities to
help families in need of long-lasting and comprehensive services. The findings reveal
that parents carry an administrative burden, which involves learning about services,
complying with rules and regulations, and managing psychological stress related to
encounters with professionals. Coordinators vary in their interpretation of whether
their role should go beyond providing information regarding services. Parents try to
negotiate a higher degree of involvement from their coordinators, but coordinators
often lack the necessary time and resources. The current state of the coordinator role
may lead to inequalities and arbitrariness in the way families are supported while navigating welfare services.publishedVersio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Social class, disability, and institutional interactions: the case of families with disabled children in the welfare state
Full text linkResearch on families with disabled children has highlighted how
such families experience frustration in their encounters with health
and welfare services. However, less attention has been given to
how these encounters are linked to social class. This article explores
whether levels of cultural capital and family resources influence
communication with professionals among parents of disabled chil-
dren. To this end, I draw upon a longitudinal qualitative dataset of
fieldwork and interview data from families in Norway. The findings
show that middle-class parents could utilize experts, keep commu-
nication smooth, and persist in trying to secure services for their
children without any real sense of achievement to a higher degree
than working-class parents. However, neither working-class nor
middle-class parents thrived in navigating these bureaucracies. This
study has clear implications for policy and professionals in acknowl-
edging how levels of cultural capital and other family resources
influence the ability to endure and navigate welfare institutions.publishedVersio
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