43 research outputs found
A qualitative study on White students’ understanding of racism at a predominantly White university
No full textRacism and racial microaggressions on college campuses are daily occurrences for students of color, with White students usually being the perpetrators (Bonilla-Silva, 2018; Sue et al, 2007). Most studies on racism and perceptions of racism are done from the points of view of students of color (e.g., Harper, 2013; Hurtado & Carter, 1997; Smith, Mustaffa, Jones, Curry, & Allen, 2016; Solorzano, Ceja, & Yosso, 2000; Tawa, Suyemoto, & Roemer, 2012). At a flagship, Midwestern PWI and selective Research 1 university, this study aimed to understand the process through which White students understand and perceive racism, including how they make meaning of the motivations and behaviors associated with the subtle and overt actions of racial microaggressions. An exploratory qualitative design was employed in order to learn about White students’ perceptions of racism and racial microaggressions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten White American students, three times each, to hear their points of view regarding racism and racial microaggressions.
Using a thematic analysis, five overarching themes were identified: Privilege, Racism, Working Towards Understanding, Affirmative Action, and Politics. When presented with four scenarios containing racial microaggressions, all of the participants demonstrated knowledge of what microaggressions were. However, the findings revealed that each participant (at least once) either found nothing wrong or defended the perpetrator for not having malintent. It appears that recognition of microaggressions is separate from denunciation.
Each participant also had a different definition of racism from one another. While they shared their own definitions, most of the participants’ definitions did not explain racism further than blatant, explicit acts. Each student acknowledged racism exists today, yet the majority believe it has drastically declined, dovetailing with Bonilla-Silva’s (2018) findings.
This study suggests that most of the White participants are not understanding of the experiences of students of color and that most think racism is only overt, hateful acts against people of color, complementing previous studies (Bonilla-Silva, 2018; Cabrera, 2014; Harper, 2012). Most of these White college students did not understand nuances of racism nor how deeply engrained it is in our society, as colorblind ideology (Bonilla-Silva, 2018), aversive racism (Dovidio, 1996), and the racial microaggressions framework (Sue et al., 2007) propose. However, a few of the students were indeed more aware and understanding, perhaps being further along with their White racial identity development. In order for White students to begin to understand the intricacies of racism and work to dismantle it, we must start teaching about racism as it is: a spectrum, not a good person/bad person binary. These findings do not imply, however, that diversity workshops/trainings and courses do not work; such learning opportunities, when done well, are worthwhile, and diversity among higher education students, faculty and staff is valuable.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2022-05-01The student, Emily Teitelbaum, accepted the attached license on 2020-04-27 at 11:39.The student, Emily Teitelbaum, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-04-27 at 11:40.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-04-27 at 13:37.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15081 on 2020-08-25 at 17:28:26Made available in DSpace on 2020-08-26T23:57:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2020-04-27Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115743
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 115743
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Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
The nonequilibrium kinetics of reversible bimolecular reactions.
No full textThe master equation describing the rate of the bimolecular reaction A+BC&rlhar2;AB+C under steadystate conditions at the vibrational level of detail, is solved by a matrix technique. A computer program (MRBIM) has been written by the author to exploit the matrix technique as applied to the H + O 2 reaction. Reaction from levels v = 0 to 15 for O2 and from levels v = 0 to 9 for OH are considered for, while vibrational-translational (V -- T) energy transfer by O2, H, OH, O and He is considered as the mechanism for equilibration. The distortion to the fates of the reaction H+O2&rlhar2;OH+O caused by the non-equilibrium vibrational population distribution is investigated in detail. It is found that the ratio of forward and reverse fate coefficients, (kf/kr does not equal the equilibrium constant, Keq when the reaction proceeds far from equilibrium and this is because the individual rate coefficients are suppressed from their equilibrium values to different extents. We have applied information theory to the HBrv+Cl&rlhar2;HCl v'+Br reaction over a wide range of temperatures, and we have thus extracted an extensive set of state-to-state rate constants from scattered literature data. We also made use of microscopic-reversibility to obtain the exothermic state-to-state rates. Our values for the rate constants fit and extrapolate all existing data. Reaction from levels v' = 0 to 9 of HCl and levels v = 0 to 9 of HBr are considered, while vibrational- translational (V - T) energy transfer by HCl, HBr, Cl, Br, and Ar is considered. The measure of the nonequilibrium effect (kf/kr) / Keq is much more severe for reaction occuring far from equilibrium. The temperature dependence of the non-equilibrium factor is complex. An effort to solve the master equation analytically has resulted in closed form expressions for the rate law for reversible bimolecular reactions, as well as for the thermal rate coefficients, kf and kr, and for the ratio of kf/kr under highly reactive non-equilibrium conditions. They are in qualitative agreement with the exact numerical results, and under some conditions, also in quantitative agreement. Model calculations indicate that our analytical expressions improving on the kinetic mass action law, can be best used when reactivity is from v > 0, v' > 0, and when Keq ≈ 1. (Abstract shortened by UMI.
Kossuthot megáldja egy rabbi : Egy politikai legenda metamorfózisa = Kossuth Blessed by a Rabbi : The Metamorphosis of a Political Legend
No full textThe child Louis Kossuth blessed by the wonder rabbi Teitelbaum is a widespread folktale of Hungarian Jewry. The article traces several versions of the encounter between the two iconic figures, which at times is presented as folklore and at times as historical truth. In fact, the legend is revealed to be a literary invention and its author identified. The original tale has a decidedly political dimension obscured in later abridged versions and is an early Jewish contribution to the Kossuth cult
Can a developing democracy benefit from labour repression? Evidence from Sri Lanka
No full textWhile a growing body of academic literature casts doubt on the wisdom of authoritarian responses to labour in developing democracies, few empirical studies demonstrate the adverse effects of excluding organised labour from the policy arena or repressing trade unions in the industrial relations arena. This paper draws on the recent history of state-labour relations in Sri Lanka to help fill this gap. Beginning in the late 1970s, the Sri Lankan government adopted a labour-repressive export-oriented strategy of development. The author shows how the repression of private sector unions during this period destroyed the legitimacy of traditional left unions and the structure of institutionalised bargaining that was in place prior to Sri Lanka's authoritarian period. This erosion of the system of institutionalised bargaining eventually led workers to shift their support to more radical, 'new left' unions and culminated in a wave of extreme and violent forms of protest that chased away much needed foreign direct investment. The chaotic consequences of the labour repression suggest two primary conclusions: (a) that prior democratic mobilisation may make labour repression untenable over the long term; and (b) that repression may backfire, creating bursts of highly visible and destabilising protest that undermine the developmental objectives of neoliberal reforms.
Photoinduced phase transitions and irreversible dynamics studied with single-shot spectroscopy
No full textThesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2016.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 225-237).Single-shot femtosecond spectroscopy was developed to study irreversible processes and materials far from equilibrium. It was then applied to investigate photoinduced phase transitions in semimetals and manganites. The dual-echelon single-shot instrument was developed, and noise sources, experimental artifacts, and the fundamental limits of the single-shot technique were explored. In this thesis, advances in the single-shot technique that allow for more detailed investigation of material processes and characterization of far-from-equilibrium dynamics in a wider range of systems are discussed. Experiments and modeling of photoinduced phase transitions in two classes of systems, semimetals and manganites, are presented. Both systems show collective structural change under photoexcitation that ultimately results in a low-symmetry to high-symmetry phase transition. In semimetals, the high symmetry phase relaxes after a few picoseconds, and in manganites, the higher symmetry phase persists essentially indefinitely. A photoinduced structural phase transition in bismuth is discussed in terms of the removal of a Peierls distortion by electronic excitation. When more than 2% of the valence electrons are excited, the Peierls distortion is inverted and the bismuth crystal is collectively driven into a symmetric crystalline phase. An extended two-temperature model is used to interpret and identify a photoinduced symmetric phase that exists above the damage threshold at low temperature and high excitation density. Analogous experiments and analysis on antimony and tellurium are discussed, demonstrating the generality of this method to exploring phase transitions in Peierls-distorted systems. A recently discovered photoinduced insulator-to-metal phase transition in epitaxially strained La₂/₃Ca₁/₃MnO₃ on an NdGaO₃ (001) substrate at low temperature is characterized by frequency-domain and time-domain spectroscopy. The ground state and metastable photoinduced phase in LCMO are characterized by their steady-state behavior. Conventional pump-probe and single-shot experiments are interpreted in terms of an eective medium model that describes the density of charge transfer excitations in the material. An extended two-parameter Ginzburg-Landau model with biquadratic coupling describes the ground state of the manganite phase diagram and the stability of the photoinduced metallic phase.by Samuel Welch Teitelbaum.Ph. D
Observation and simulation of wave breaking in the southern hemispheric stratosphere during VORCORE
No full textAn interesting occurrence of a Rossby wave breaking event observed during the
VORCORE experiment is presented and explained. Twenty-seven balloons were
launched inside the Antarctic polar vortex. Almost all of these balloons
evolved in the stratosphere around 500K within the vortex, except the one
launched on 28 October 2005. In this case, the balloon was caught within a
tongue of high potential vorticity (PV), and was ejected from the polar
vortex. The evolution of this event is studied for the period between 19 and
25 November 2005. It is found that at the beginning of this period, the polar
vortex experienced distortions due to the presence of Rossby waves. Then,
these waves break and a tongue of high PV develops. On 25 November, the
tongue became separated from the vortex and the balloon was ejected into the
surf zone. Lagrangian simulations demonstrate that the air masses surrounding
the balloon after its ejection were originating from the vortex edge. The
wave breaking and the development of the tongue are confined within a region
where a planetary Quasi-Stationary Wave 1 (QSW1) induces wind speeds with
weaker values. The QSW1 causes asymmetry in the wind speed and the horizontal
PV gradient along the edge of the polar vortex, resulting in a localized jet.
Rossby waves with smaller scales propagating on top of this jet amplify as
they enter the jet exit region and then break. The role of the QSW1 on the
formation of the weak flow conditions that caused the non-linear wave
breaking observed near the vortex edge is confirmed by three-dimensional
numerical simulations using forcing with and without the contribution of the
QSW1
On Unfair Permutations
No full textIslak, Umit/0000-0003-4281-5171In this paper we study the inverse of so-called unfair permutations. Our investigation begins with comparing this class of permutations with uniformly random permutations, and showing that they behave very much alike in case of locally dependent random variables. As an example of a globally dependent statistic we use the number of inversions, and show that this statistic satisfies a central limit theorem after proper centering and scaling. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.TUBITAK [113F059]; Scientific and Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-117C047]The author C. P. has been supported by TUBITAK within the project 113F059 entitled "The conjecture of Mazur-Tate-Teitelbaum, CM elliptic curves and applications" as a postdoctoral researcher at Koc University. The author U.I. is supported by the Scientific and Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-117C047]. Parts of this paper were completed at the Nesin Mathematics Village, the authors would like to thank Nesin Mathematics Village for their kind hospitality. Also, the authors would like to thank an anonymous referee who detected some errors in original manuscript, and whose comments improved the paper significantly
Forecasting Global Flows
No full textThe theory suggests that investment activities and monetary policy influence the development of the global business cycle. The oil price and other raw material prices also play a key role in the economic development and there is a comovement among oil consumption and global output. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explain the development of this set of variables by ARs, small-scale VARs and ECMs. The lag length and the rank of the time series models have been determined using information criteria. Then one-step ahead forecasts have been generated. It was found, that the ARs generate the best forecasts at the beginning of the forecasting horizon. However, when the forecasting horizon increases the VARs outperform the ARs. Comparing the forecasting performance of the ECMs, it was found that the forecasting ability of the ECMs in first differences outperform the level based ECMs when the forecasting horizon increases.International Economics, Time Series Models, Forecasts, Forecast Evaluation, Global Flows
Forecasting Global Flows
No full textThe theory suggests that investment activities and monetary policy influence the development of the global business cycle. The oil price and other raw material prices also play a key role in the economic development and there is a co-movement among oil consumption and global output. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explain the development of this set of variables by ARs, small-scale VARs and ECMs. The lag length and the rank of the time series models have been determined using information criteria. Then one-step ahead forecasts have been generated. It was found, that the ARs generate the best forecasts at the beginning of the forecasting horizon. However, when the forecasting horizon increases the VARs outperform the ARs. Comparing the forecasting performance of the ECMs, it was found that the forecasting ability of the ECMs in first differences outperform the level based ECMs when the forecasting horizon increases.International economics, time series models, forecasts, forecast evaluation
Gizela Reicher-Thonowa : a forgotten mother of Polish comparative literty studies
No full textThe article aims to construct the biography of Gizela Reicher-Thonowa (1904-1941?), the author of an outstanding book Ironia Juliusza Słowackiego w świetle badań estetyczno-porównawczych (Juliusz
Stowacki’s irony in the light of aesthetic-comparative studies) (1933). Initially, Reicher-Thonowa’s work encountered misunderstanding on the part of the academic community as too innovative and advanced for her contemporaries’ thinking on Polish Romantic literature. Moreover, being a woman and Jewish, she could not expect to make a career in humanities in prewar Poland. Gizela Reicher-Thonowa’s biography has been constructed from the scanty documents and letters preserved in
archives. It presents the following stages of her life: comparative studies at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow, doctoral defense in 1926, her marriage to Albert Teitelbaum (vel Thon), leaving for Łódź,
arrival to Cracow with her daughter during the war in 1940, and finally, her employment in a Jewish organization aiding orphans. It is the last stage of her life documented in archives. The International
Tracing Service Arolsen informs that Gizela Reicher-Thonowa’s family was murdered in 1941 in Bełżec concentration camp, and Gizela herself most likely also died at the hands of the Nazis
