958 research outputs found
International librarianship. An electronic resources pathfinder. A term paper for the References Services course at the Master in Library Science Program, Department of Library and Information Studies, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY (USA)
No full textThis library guide or pathfinder is made as a term paper for the References Services course at the Master in Library Science Program at the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA; Associate Professor of the course Dr. Lorna Peterson, April 23, 2001. It lists sources in electronic format to introduce undergraduate and graduate students of the State University of New York at Buffalo to the research and study of Library and Information Science with an international scope. Consult with a reference librarian at the Undergraduate Library (UGL) for additional assistance
The social class struggles concept with an interdisciplinary approach: a paramount concept for research in library and information science (LIS)
No full textThis paper analyses the social class struggles concept with an interdisciplinary approach to be used by theorists and practitioners of library and information science (LIS). This concept emerged as part of the theoretical framework employed by the author in his doctoral thesis (Muela-Meza, 2010): An Application of Community Profiling to Analyse Community Information Needs, and Providers: Perceptions from the People of the Broomhall Neighbourhood of Sheffield, UK. This concept is complemented from philosophy (Marx and Engels, [1848] 1976a), and the natural sciences (Hauser, 2006; Sagan and Druyan, 1992), and it served the author to understand better the bigger dimensions of the underlying issues behind social classes and human conflicts. It also served to understand better the contradictions between people (e.g. LIS users with contradictory and mutually exclusive information needs to be provided by libraries and other institutions of information recorded in documents), and how these intensify when these are interrelated with the social class they belong to (Muela-Meza, 2007). This paper also criticises some competing views whose proponents by pretending fallaciously and deceitfully to deny the presence of social class divides in society, such as those rhetorical ploys of post-modernism that propose capitalist-class-driven ideologues of “community cohesion” based on “social capital” (Putnam, 1999). It shows evidence of how those followers (e.g. Pateman, 2006; Contreras Contreras, 2004; Bryson, Usherwood and Proctor, 2003) of capitalist-class ideologues, by doing so they aligned their discourse to that of dominance hierarchies and hegemony against working class people, in LIS and other sciences, and the humanities. It also criticises the postmodern pseudoscience because it pretends to undermine the logical rationality fundamental in LIS and all other sciences. It recommends that LIS theorists and practitioners employ the social class struggles concept as configured here in order to understand better contradictions, conflicts, and struggles within LIS theory and practice, and also to search for broader epistemological aims such as justice and wisdom (Fleissner and Hofkirchner, 1998), concealed by the capitalist or bourgeois and middle classes for their benefit against working class
Barb Rosenstock & Erika Meza: Cook Prize 2023, Silver Medal Acceptance Speech
No full textBarb Rosenstock (author) and Erika Meza (illustrator) give an acceptance speech and talk about their book The Mystery of the Monarchs. Published by Alfred A. Knopfhttps://educate.bankstreet.edu/cook/1006/thumbnail.jp
The Spanish Auxiliary Verb System in HPSG Ivan Meza
No full textThis paper presents an analysis of the Spanish auxiliary verbs from a syntactic point of view instead a semantic analysis that is proposed by the traditional Spanish grammars. The syntactic context of the Spanish auxiliary verbs is clarified with the definition of five properties, which allow us to determinate if a verb behave as an auxiliary verb or not. The subject raising verb type defined in the formalism HPSG is used in order to capture the behavior of Spanish auxiliary verbs. We conclude with the analysis of a typical auxiliary verb, poder, as a case of study. 1
El Tlacuache Núm. 456 (2011). 456 Año 11 (2011) febrero. El Tlacuache
No full textLos guardianes de Chalcatzingo: sus trabajadores por Mario Córdova Tello, Carolina Meza Rodríguez, J. Cuauhtli Medina Romero. -Ética de la arqueología morelense por Raúl Francisco González Quezada
PhD Research Proposal for the PhD thesis preliminary title: "An Application of Community Profiling to Analyse the Information Needs and the Community Issues Affecting the People in Broomhall and Broomhill, Sheffield, and to Evaluate the Roles of Their Information Providers"
No full textPhD Research Proposal for the PhD thesis preliminary title: "An Application of Community Profiling to Analyse the Information Needs and the Community Issues Affecting the People in Broomhall and Broomhill, Sheffield, and to Evaluate the Roles of Their Information Providers." This is the final PhD research proposal presented by the author to Professor Bob Usherwood, Professor Nigel Ford, and Lecturer Briony Train on 11 May 2005 and officially approved by them and the Research Committee at the Department of Information Studies of the University of Sheffield, England, UK
Una aproximación a la creación de un Modelo de Análisis Integral Crítico para la investigación en las Ciencias de la Información Documental o el Espíritu de investigación de Eratóstenes
No full textThis paper (An approximation towards the creation of a critical, analytical, and integral model of research in the sciences of information recorded in documents or the spirit of Eratosthenes) shows grosso modo an approximationn to the creation of an analytical, critical and integral model of analysis, based in the spirit of Eratosthenes for research in the sciences of information recorded in documents (e.g. LIS) in which the author (Muela Meza, 2010, 2009; 2008; 2007; 2006ª; 2005b; 2005c; 2004ª; 2004b) has been working in the last years. In addition, The construction of this model per se was part of the future themes for research that emerge from the author's doctoral thesis (Community Profiling to Analyse Community Information Needs, and Providers: Perceptions from the People of the Broomhall Neighbourhood of Sheffield, UK) (Muela Meza, 2010)
Libertad de expresión en Internet: informaciones falsas que generan polémica en las redes sociales
No full textInternet se ha convertido en el medio primordial y necesario para el desarrollo de las actividades académicas, laborales, de investigación y de ocio que desarrolla el hombre moderno. La tecnología, al incrementarla con nuevas aplicaciones, hace depender al usuario de ella, manteniéndolos siempre conectados a Internet para estar actualizados, comunicados, informados y prestos para hacer cualquier actividad. Este fenómeno ha venido acrecentando con mayor intensidad en los últimos años con el desarrollo del internet móvil y los dispositivos portátil multitarea. Según el reporte de la compañía de investigación de márketing online Comscore "Futuro Digital Perú 2014", citado por el diario El Comercio, en el Perú, Internet tiene una fuerte presencia en todo el país. Las redes sociales Facebook y Linkedin, que son los sitios más utilizados, tenían conectados alrededor de 5,8 millones de usuarios registrados entre abril de 2013 a abril del 2014. Ellos redactan, comparten y opinan sobre información del momento y temas pasados (El Comercio, 2013, versión digital). Es decir, el tráfico de datos en Internet es constante, sin descanso. La información viaja rápidamente hacia todo el mundo en tan sólo unos segundos y ya es posible enterarse de lo que sucede en otro continente, sin tener que esperar el diario impreso del día siguiente.
La versatilidad de Internet la ha convertido en uno de los medios más populares para obtener información de todo tipo, ya sean noticias actuales, datos históricos, fuentes bibliográficas y video gráficas, investigaciones de gran trascendencia. También posee sitios web donde se incentiva la lectura y se pueden leer libros completos, resúmenes, artículos de revistas especializadas y diarios con noticias actualizadas en tiempo real.
El planteamiento del problema se basa en la existencia de informaciones que son falsas, pero que desde el momento que están en la red, pueden engañar fácilmente a un internauta. Partiendo desde ahí, el problema de esta investigación radica en la existencia de la masiva cantidad de informaciones falsas y sitios web que las divulgan y masifican este contenido. ¿Por qué hay tantas informaciones falsas en Internet? ¿Por qué la gente cree en estas falsas informaciones? Cualquier persona, con el conocimiento necesario, puede difundir información masivamente. Sólo basta hacer 2 clicks y difundirlas por las redes sociales, vía correo electrónico o mediante un dispositivo de comunicación móvil. En estos tiempos, cualquier persona con sólo un modem y computadora puede volverse “popular”.
A partir de esto surge el problema de investigación: ¿cuál es el propósito de enviar información falsa a todo el mundo? ¿Qué se quiere lograr con esto?La presente tesis es una investigación que tiene por objetivo identificar, analizar y describir la circulación de informaciones falsas en las redes sociales Twitter y Facebook, así como también explicar las formas de hacer frente al encontrar estos contenidos que, cada día, aparecen masivamente en la red, confundiendo a miles de usuarios con rumores y/o falsas informaciones. Noticias falsas, imágenes trucadas, cuentas oficiales hackeadas, información pre-programada, entre otros, forman parte de la gran cantidad de contenido que circula en la red, generando opinión pública y convirtiéndose en virales para luego ser comentadas en las redes sociales y en la vida real. Toda información puede ser analizada de diversa manera para descartar si es verdadera o falsa, y esa es responsabilidad del usuario antes de comentarla y compartir.
Para desarrollar esta investigación se consultaron tesis de licenciatura aprobadas y sustentadas existentes en la Biblioteca Central de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos así como informes académicos y trabajos de investigación elaborados por estudiosos de la materia a nivel internacional. También se analizaron artículos publicados en Internet sobre casos emblemáticos que sucedieron en tiempo real en la red.
La hipótesis señala que una de las razones por la cual existe mucha información falsa, es la facilidad con la que muchos usuarios actúan anónimamente para no ser detectados, muchas veces con cuentas falsas y/u ocultando sus datos personales (incluyendo seudónimos), lo cual se convierte en una alternativa para “romper las cadenas” y obtener libertad total en el uso de las herramientas de Internet.
Al analizar los casos emblemáticos a través del método de trabajo cualitativo se encontró: respuestas y características importantes de los usuarios, así como debilidades del internauta para con las noticias falsas, amenazas cibernéticas y un número considerable de factores que aportan a la generación de contenidos diariamente, saturando a los usuarios de las redes sociales con información de todo tipo: falsa, malintencionada, filtrados de información, etc.Tesi
Statistical semantic processing using Markov logic
No full textMarkov Logic (ML) is a novel approach to Natural Language Processing tasks
[Richardson and Domingos, 2006; Riedel, 2008]. It is a Statistical Relational Learning
language based on First Order Logic (FOL) and Markov Networks (MN). It allows
one to treat a task as structured classification. In this work, we investigate ML for the
semantic processing tasks of Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) and Semantic
Role Labelling (SRL). Both tasks consist of identifying a semantic representation for
the meaning of a given utterance/sentence. However, they differ in nature: SLU is in
the field of dialogue systems where the domain is closed and language is spoken [He
and Young, 2005], while SRL is for open domains and traditionally for written text
[M´arquez et al., 2008].
Robust SLU is a key component of spoken dialogue systems. This component consists
of identifying the meaning of the user utterances addressed to the system. Recent
statistical approaches to SLU depend on additional resources (e.g., gazetteers, grammars,
syntactic treebanks) which are expensive and time-consuming to produce and
maintain. On the other hand, simple datasets annotated only with slot-values are commonly
used in dialogue system development, and are easy to collect, automatically
annotate, and update. However, slot-values leave out some of the fine-grained long
distance dependencies present in other semantic representations. In this work we investigate
the development of SLU modules with minimum resources with slot-values
as their semantic representation. We propose to use the ML to capture long distance dependencies
which are not explicitly available in the slot-value semantic representation.
We test the adequacy of the ML framework by comparing against a set of baselines
using state of the art approaches to semantic processing. The results of this research
have been published in Meza-Ruiz et al. [2008a,b].
Furthermore, we address the question of scalability of the ML approach for other
NLP tasks involving the identification of semantic representations. In particular, we
focus on SRL: the task of identifying predicates and arguments within sentences, together
with their semantic roles. The semantic representation built during SRL is more
complex than the slot-values used in dialogue systems, in the sense that they include
the notion of predicate/argument scope. SRL is defined in the context of open domains
under the premises that there are several levels of extra resources (lemmas, POS tags,
constituent or dependency parses). In this work, we propose a ML model of SRL and
experiment with the different architectures we can describe for the model which gives us an insight into the types of correlations that the ML model can express [Riedel and
Meza-Ruiz, 2008; Meza-Ruiz and Riedel, 2009].
Additionally, we tested our minimal resources setup in a state of the art dialogue
system: the TownInfo system. In this case, we were given a small dataset of gold
standard semantic representations which were system dependent, and we rapidly developed
a SLU module used in the functioning dialogue system. No extra resources
were necessary in order to reach state of the art results
An introduction to the applicability of qualitative research methodologies to the field of Library and Information Sciences
No full textThis is the original pre-print written on the 17 November 2003 which eventually got published in 2006 –see its history of publication inside the actual document--, and since the article got originally reduced by the editors of Liber of the Mexican Association of Librarians then this original pre-print includes many examples excluded there by Liber's editors. This is an introductory work to the qualitative research methodologies and methods aplied to the Library and Information Studies (LIS) field, as a way to expand the horizons of librarians so they might be able to explore different roads to improve the common telology of LIS which is basically to fuse the library (informational - cognitive) services with the needs and issues, wishes and dreams of society in its respective communities. It argues for the demystification of LIS research which is impregnated with an halo and cult almost mystical that far from motivating librarians both practical and teorethical to carry out research work in a daily basis, it plays an inhibitor role affecting not only the development of LIS research, but the LIS profession itself; this demystification implies that research could be for everyone who wants it to. It also argues that it is necessary to study in depth the epistemological debate in LIS to promote LIS research as a sub-discipline and the education and training of LIS researchers in order to transform such a plausible activity into an attractive one that becomes even a fun thing to do. The author considers that the examples of applicabilities of qualitative research in LIS given here, but which they could not be included in the published version due to the barriers impossed by the editors of Liber the journal of the Mexican Association of Librarians, are worthwhile to be known by the community interested in these methodologies and it is for them that this original draft is open to the public, thanks to the request of a colleague.
This draft, after many unexplained acts of negligence and censorship by the Chairs of the Mexican Association of Librarians and the other editors of their association journal Liber, during the period of 2004-2005, finally was partly published by this Peruvian journal:
Muela-Meza, Zapopan Martín (2006) Una introducción a las metodologías de investigación cualitativa aplicadas a la bibliotecología. BiblioDocencia : Revista de Profesores de Bibliotecología 2(12):pp. 4-12.
http://eprints.rclis.org/archive/00006732
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