1,721,038 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Research and Development of Volleyball Referee Training System
No full text排球裁判於球賽進行中的執法判決須及時、快速且準確，而裁判執法技術之養成除了舉辦裁判講習透過裁判專家之講解教授相關規則與裁判技術之外，透過臨場判決來快速累積經驗並增進判決知覺技能為培訓裁判最佳訓練方式之一。近十年來寬頻網路的使用人口逐年增加，台灣網路資訊中心自2002年起持續進行之『台灣寬頻網路使用調查報告』顯示台灣於2011年三月為止上網人口達到1,695萬人。其中，寬頻使用人數為1,435萬人，寬頻網路使用普及率達到70.58%。寬頻網路使用的普及帶動了網路多媒體產業之發展，網路影音視訊資料成為寬頻服務最常見之應用服務之一。隨著網路頻寬提高及使用之普及，網路影音視訊資料逐漸提升至高畫質視訊之傳送，提供使用者更清晰之視訊畫面。本研究在於利用排球裁判於臨場判決訓練之模式，建構雲端排球裁判訓練系統。透過寬頻網路之頻寬，利用高畫質視訊資料模擬裁判臨場判決之情境。使用者利用本系統之評估模式透過25回合之執法判決模擬實際執法之情境。本模式將針對使用者之判決作答紀錄計算出使用者於判決中之各項參數，使用者能透過系統即時了解自身之執法狀況與執法判決較弱之處，並可利用本系統之訓練模式針對不足之處實施重點訓練。利用雲端服務之特性，使用者無須花費成本建置系統，且可隨時隨地透過網路進入本系統進行裁判判決知覺能力之訓練。Volleyball referee in a soccer match in law enforcement adjudged to be timely, fast and accurate, the referee develop Apart from organizing the referee workshops through the Professor of referee experts explain the rules and the referee technology, through the spot judgment to quickly gain experience and improve judgmentperception skills training referee one of the best training methods. Use of broadband networks over the past decade the population is increasing year by year, the Taiwan Network Information Center ongoing since 2002, "Taiwan''s high-speed Internet use survey report" shows that the Taiwan online population reached 16.95 million people in March 2011. Which the number of broadband use was 14.35 million people, and broadband penetration rate reached 70.58%. The popularity of broadband Internet use has led to the development of the Internet multimedia industry, network audio-visual video data broadband services are the most common application of one of the services. With the popularity of network bandwidth to improve and use the Internet audio-visual video data gradually enhanced high-definition video transmission, and provide users with more clarity of the video screen. This study is that the volleyball referee spot judgment Training model to construct the cloud volleyball referee training system. Through the broadband network bandwidth, high-definition analog video data referee spot the judgment of the situation. Users use the system assessment model to simulate the actual enforcement of the situation through the 25 rounds of law enforcement judgment. The answer record for the user''s judgment, this model will calculate the parameters of the user in the judgment of the user through the instant understanding itself of the law enforcement situation and the weak enforcement judgment, and can use this system of training mode forinadequacies in the implementation of key training. The characteristics of cloud services, users need not spend the cost to build the system, and the referee judgments of perceived competence training can enter the system through the Internet anytime, anywhere.摘要 i
Abstract ii
目 錄 iii
圖目錄 v
第一章 緒論 1
1.1簡介 1
1.2研究動機與目的 2
1.2.1排球裁判知覺技能訓練 2
1.2.2 電腦輔助模擬系統 2
1.2.3 雲端裁判訓練系統 3
第二章 Web系統管理與技術相關之研究 5
2.1 系統存取控制機制 5
2.2 Web介面瀏覽模式與使用者習慣 7
2.3 視訊多媒體檔案嵌入與撥放 9
第三章 排球裁判訓練系統架構與功能 11
3.1 系統硬體環境 11
3.1.1 伺服器硬體規格 11
3.1.2 磁碟陣列資料保護機制 11
3.2 系統軟體環境 12
3.2.1 作業系統及網頁伺服器系統 12
3.2.2 動態網頁語言與資料庫 12
3.3系統架構 13
3.4 執法情境模擬 14
3.4.1 情境視訊檔案建置 15
3.4.2 情境模擬題庫建立 16
3.4.3 情境模擬流程 16
3.4.4 Web系統中情境模擬流程之設計 17
3.5 情境模擬評估模式 18
3.5.1 評估模式選題策略 18
3.5.2計分及分析策略 19
3.6 訓練模式 20
第四章 系統建置 23
4.1 系統開發環境建置 23
4.1.1 網頁伺服器(IIS)安裝 23
4.1.2 PHP安裝 24
4.1.3 MySQL資料庫安裝 26
4.2 系統功能架構與流程 27
4.2.1 系統模組功能與介面 30
4.2.2 排球訓練模組 32
4.2.3 訓練系統題庫管理 36
第五章 結論與未來展望 39
引用文獻 4
An Effective Target Recovery Method from a Source Location in Geo\ue2Indistinguishable Surroundings
No full textLocation-based services have become increasingly more pervasive in the context of Internet of Vehicles. Nowadays, vehicles can transfer their locations to the server for route planning, attractions searching, location sharing, etc. However, the data that are transmitted over the public channel may be tracked/tampered by the attacker. Therefore, location privacy is one of the major concerns to the researchers, and several mechanisms have been designed by obfuscating the user\ue2s original location prior to transmitting it to the server. The most intuitive method for finding the target, in case an event occurs and the server needs to find original location, is to ask all of the users near to the event to return their original locations in order to find the target. In such a scenario, a large number of users are required to acknowledge their locations. Hence, how to reduce the number of affected users in the process of finding the target among the users\ue2 obfuscated locations is an important issue. Therefore, we devise a method of identifying the target and reducing the number of affected users in an efficient way
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Study of DDoS and Detection of SYN Flood
No full text然網路帶來許多便利性，但也潛藏著許多攻擊。隨著殭屍網路的發展，這些攻擊的規模也持續成長中。分散式阻斷服務攻擊是殭屍網路造成的攻擊之一，而在眾多的分散式阻斷服務攻擊中，SYN flood 較為普遍而且也嚴重造成可用性的大大降低。為了提升資訊安全，入侵偵測系統被提出來作為偵測攻擊的工具，而一個完善的入侵偵測系統則包含了特徵選取和偵測等部分。此研究的目的在於提出一個可以偵測SYN flood 的架構，首先對殭屍網路的現況作描述，接下來六個特徵值被選取當作偵測SYN flood 特徵值，並使用相關分析對每個特徵值作分析。最後，一個可以偵測SYN flood 的架構被提出，這個架構使用植基於質心的分類器來對封包資料作分群。此架構整體而言有高的效能，擁有97.6% 的偵測率，97.2%的準確率和2.3% 的誤判率。With the rapid growth of technology, Internet has become a tool that can solve many problems in life. Although the usage of Internet is practical and it can also enhance overall efficiency, it exists several kinds of attacks in Internet. Distributed denial of service is one of the attacks that are caused by botnet. In several kinds of Distributed denial of service, SYN flood happens more often and reduces availability. To enhance information security, intrusion detection system is proposed to detect attacks from Internet. In a complete intrusion detection system, feature selection and detection are two topics that will influence overall performance. The goal of this study is to propose a framework that can detect SYN flood effectively. To design a complete framework, the information of current botnet is needed, which includes the architecture of botnet, attacks, the methodology of detecting botnet and the technique. Before designing an intrusion detection system, feature selection is needed, and it is completed in a statistic method called correlation analysis. Finally, a framework that is used to detect SYN flood is proposed, which centroid-based classification is applied in detection phase. With the proposed framework, it can detect SYN flood with high performance, which the detection rate is 97.6 percent, the accuracy rate is 97.2 percent and the false alarm rate is 2.3 percent.摘要 i
Abstract iii
Contents iv
List of Tables vii
List of Figures viii
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Environment 1
1.2 Motivation 1
1.3 Objectives 2
1.4 Scopes of research 3
1.5 Organization 4
Chapter 2. A Review of Botnet: Architecture and Techniques of Detection 5
2.1 Preliminary 5
2.2 Literature Review 7
2.2.1 Review of botnet 7
2.2.2 Attacks from botnet 12
2.2.2.1 Distributed denial of service 13
2.2.2.2 Spam 16
2.2.2.3 Personal information thieving 17
2.2.3 Detection methodology 19
2.2.3.1 Packet sniffing phase 20
2.2.3.2 Data pre-processing phase 20
2.2.3.3 Detection phase 22
2.2.3.4 Evaluation phase 23
2.2.4 Detection techniques 24
2.2.4.1 Firewall 25
2.2.4.2 Intrusion detection system 26
2.3 Summary 28
Chapter 3. A Correlation Analysis Model for the Feature Selection of SYN Flood Attack 30
3.1 Preliminary 30
3.2 Related work 31
3.3 Methodology 31
3.3.1 Packet sniffing phase 32
3.3.2 Maintaining the Integrity of the specifications 33
3.3.3 Analysis phase 36
3.4 Analysis result 37
3.4.1 Data set 37
3.4.2 Analysis result 38
3.5 Summary 41
Chapter 4. An Anomaly-based IDS Framework Using Centroid-based Classification 43
4.1 Preliminary 43
4.2 Related work 44
4.2.1 K-means 44
4.2.2 K-nearest neighbor 46
4.3 Proposed framework 47
4.3.1 Packet sniffing phase 49
4.3.2 Feature extraction phase 49
4.3.3 Data pre-processing phase 51
4.3.4 Cluster center calculating phase 51
4.3.5 Weight calculating phase 54
4.3.6 Dimension reduction phase 55
4.3.7 Classification phase 57
4.4 Experiment 57
4.4.1 Data set 58
4.4.2 Evaluation standard 59
4.4.3 Weight 60
4.4.4 Preferred number of cluster center 61
4.4.5 Preferred percentage of training data and testing data 63
4.4.6 Preferred K in K-nearest neighbor 64
4.4.7 The usage of weight 65
4.4.8 Integration of the results of experiment 66
4.5 Summary 68
Chapter 5. Conclusions and Future Works 70
Reference 7
資料擾動技術於外包式資料庫的隱私保護之研究
No full textThe cloud computing technique rises in these years. The concept of database as a service has been proposed. The inside data in the organization may increase rapidly with time. In order to reduce cost of organization, they may chose third-party storage provider to store entire data. There is a leakage crisis when provider is untrusted. For another instance, a dealer collects all transaction data and publishes to the data analysis company for marketing purpose. It may reveal privacy when the company is malicious. For these reason, preserving privacy in database becomes very important. However, it is hard to address since database security is wide issues. This paper only concerns prediction disclosure risk in numerical database. We present an efficient noise generation which relies on Huffman coding algorithm, and also consider occurrence probability of records. We also build a noise matrix that can inject intuitively noise to original value. Moreover, we adopt clustering technique before generating noise to enhance the speed of the process. In the experiment, we examine the running time of noise generation and also examine the data quality after replaced value. The experimental results show the running time of noise generation of clustering scheme is the fastest. And information loss for all data is not exceeding to 50 percentages. Finally, we conclude our proposed scheme and discuss future works for this study.由於近幾年雲端運算技術的崛起，資料庫即服務的概念被提出，組織內部的資料可能隨著時間迅速地增加。為了降低組織的成本，他們可能選擇第三方的儲存空間去儲存整個資料庫。可是當服務提供者在不被信任的狀況下，這些資料將有洩露的危機。另一個例子是，一個零售商為了行銷的目的，而收集所有交易資料提供給資料分析公司做分析。但該公司為一個惡意的公司時，這也會有隱私性的問題延伸出來。基於這些原因，維護資料庫的隱私性就變得相當重要。然而，資料庫的安全議題太過廣泛，以至於我們不易解決。本篇論文主要涉及數據型資料庫的預測性披露問題進行探討。我們提出一個基於霍夫曼編碼的雜訊產生方法，並且考慮所有紀錄的出現機率，同時建立雜訊矩陣，使其將原始資料注入雜訊的過程更加地直覺。另外，再產生雜訊前，我們採用了分群技術以提升處理速度。在實驗中，我們探討雜訊產生的時間，還有注入雜訊後的資料的品質進行探討。實驗結果顯示分群方法的雜訊產生時間是最快的，另外所有資料的訊息遺失程度不超過50個百分比。最後，總結我們提出的方法並且討論該研究的未來發展。摘要 i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Tables vi
List of Figures vii
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Motivation 1
1.1.1 Problem Statement 3
1.2 Background 5
1.3 Scope of the Study 7
1.4 Outline of the Study 8
Chapter 2. Literature Reviews 10
2.1 Data Encryption 11
2.1.1 Anonymity by Generalization 12
2.1.2 Challenge 14
2.2 Data Fragmentation 15
2.2.1 Confidentiality Constraints 16
2.2.2 Data Partition using Clustering 17
2.2.3 Challenge 18
2.3 Hybrid of Encryption and Fragmentation 19
2.4 Summary 21
Chapter 3. The Noise Generation Scheme Based on Huffman Coding 23
3.1 Prior Work 23
3.2 The Concept of Quasi-identifiers 26
3.3 The Noise Generation Scheme 27
3.3.1 Building Noise Matrix 27
3.3.2 Noise Injection Procedure 31
3.4 Summary 33
Chapter 4. The Microaggregation Clustering Scheme Based on Prim's MST 34
4.1 Prior Work 34
4.1.1 Fixed-size Microaggregation 34
4.1.2 Variable-size Microaggregation 35
4.2 The Concept of Microaggregation 37
4.3 Prim's MST Clustering Technique 38
4.4 Summary 41
Chapter 5. Experimental Results 43
5.1 Experimental Environment 43
5.2 Running Time of Noise Generation 43
5.3 Information Loss 47
Chapter 6. Conclusions and Future Works 49
References 5
Using Blockchain for Digital Evidence Preservation in Log Data
No full text近來駭客入侵企業網路的新聞時有所聞及個資法的上路，使得企業開始重視數位鑑識領域，為了達到個資法中無過失免責的原則以及能在事後有效舉證，數位證據保全更顯得重要。而日誌資料在資安事件發生時，在法律上可作為追蹤事件的管道與證明行為之軌跡，但日誌資料能輕易被修改，不易確定資料完整性及原始來源，因此要讓法官相信日誌資料的證據力及證據能力時更顯得困難。故本研究針對企業欲保存數位證據保全之需求，開發日誌資料之數位證據保全，利用區塊鏈的不可竄改性將日誌資料儲存在區塊鏈分散式帳本中，利用區塊鏈中聯盟鏈的概念，設計了一條包含伺服器節點及各企業節點之區塊鏈，由伺服器控管節點權限，企業可將日誌資料儲存至區塊鏈上，產生區塊後各節點皆會收到此區塊，以此達 到資料的不可竄改性及一致性。在訴訟上可利用此技術承認日誌資料之證據能力，也加強了日誌資料之證據力，使企業達到個資法上無過失免責及舉證之目的。Recently, the news of hackers hack into company's network has been heard and the personal data protection law has been issued, which have made company pay attention to the field of digital forensics. In order to achieve the principle of absolute liability in personal data protection law and be able to prove effectively after the event, the preservation of digital evidence is even more important. Also, the log data can be used as a track for tracking incidents, and it can prove behavior when a security incident happens. However, the log data can be easily modified, and it is hard to determine the integrity and original source of data. Therefore, it is more difficult for the judge to believe the admissibility of evidence and the probative value of evidence. In this study, we will aim at the need for company to preserve the digital evidence to develop a digital evidence preservation in log data. We use blockchain's unmodifiable feature to store log data in blockchain distributed ledger, and use the consortium blockchain to design a blockchain, which contains one server peer and some company peers. The server peer controls peer's permissions, and the company peers can store log data on the blockchain. When block is generated by mining peer, each peer will receive this block, thereby achieving the unmodifiable and consistency of log data. In the litigation, it can not only be used to prove the probative value of evidence, but also make the log data more powerful in admissibility of evidence. So that company can achieve the purpose of absolute liability and prove effectively after the event.Chapter 1 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 動機與目的 4
1.3 論文架構 6
Chapter 2 文獻探討 7
2.1. 日誌資料(Log File) 7
2.1.1. 日誌檔輸出 8
2.1.2. 日誌資料管理 10
2.2. 區塊鏈(Blockchain) 12
2.2.1. 區塊結構 13
2.2.2. 區塊鏈技術 14
2.2.2.1. 雜湊函式(Hash Function) 14
2.2.2.2. 默克爾樹(Merkle Tree) 15
2.2.2.3. 公開金鑰基礎建設(Public Key Infrastructure, PKI) 16
2.2.2.4. 對等式網路(Peer-to-Peer, P2P) 19
2.2.3. 區塊鏈運作流程 20
2.2.4. 共識機制 20
2.2.4.1. 工作量證明(Proof of Work, POW) 21
2.2.4.2. 權益證明(Proof of Stake, POS) 23
2.2.4.3. 授權股權證明機制(Delegate Proof of Stake, DPOS) 24
2.2.5. 區塊鏈類型 24
2.2.6. 應用 25
2.2.6.1. 比特幣(Bitcoin) 25
2.2.6.2. 以太坊(Ethereum) 25
2.2.6.3. 超級帳本(Hyperledger) 26
Chapter 3 系統設計 29
3.1. 系統分析與目的 29
3.2. 系統概述 29
3.2.1. 分散式系統架構 30
3.2.2. 系統流程 30
3.2.3. 系統設計 31
3.2.3.1. 寫入日誌資料 32
3.2.3.2. 區塊產生 35
3.2.3.3. 資料同步傳輸 36
3.2.3.4. 驗證日誌資料 37
3.2.3.5. 共識機制 39
Chapter 4 系統實作 40
4.1. 系統環境 40
4.2. 實作成果 41
4.2.1. 寫入日誌資料 41
4.2.2. 區塊產生 44
4.2.3. 資料同步傳輸 46
4.2.4. 驗證日誌資料 48
4.2.5. 網頁呈現 50
4.3. 系統評估 52
Chapter 5 結論與未來研究 53
Reference 5
NFC電子錢包之研究
No full textThe Near Field Communication (NFC)Technology can connect each other within one second. It is a very convenient and populartechnology now. However, there are many threats in transfer process. We discuss seven attacks about NFC technology. It has six unsolved problems.
The Peer-to-Peer Modehas a secure communication standard butCard Emulation Mode and Reader/Writer Mode do not have a secure protocol. Users should to design the protective protocolby themselves when they use the NFC technology in these modes. In our method,we use the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange and Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem to design a secure communication protocol on NFC wallet. Our methodachievesfive security requirements which are Data Confidentiality, Data Integrity, Unobservability, Unlinkability and Traceability. It is aquitesecure method.
It should to enhance security in verifying identification of application in card emulation mode.It will prevent the illegal application to disable the function of secure chip. The identification of NFC tag should be careful, or it will infringe the privacy of user.近場距離通訊(Near Field Communication, NFC)技術能在一秒鐘之內就能將通訊雙方的連結建立好，其便利性與實用性使其成為一種相當火紅的通訊技術，但是在短短幾秒鐘的通訊過程中，卻暗藏著許多危險，因此本研究整理了七種NFC相關的攻擊行為與威脅，其中有六種安全議題尚待解決。
我們發現NFC三種模式當中，唯獨點對點模式具備安全通訊標準，而「卡片模擬模式」與「讀取∕寫入模式」則仰賴於使用者自行設計安全機制，故本研究使用Diffie-Hellman金鑰交換法與橢圓曲線密碼系統，針對「卡片模擬模式」提出一套NFC電子錢包的安全通訊機制，並透過安全性分析來證明我們的方法滿足五點安全需求，達到「交易資料的機密性」、「資料的一致性」、「不可觀察性」、「不可連結性」、「可追蹤性」，因此所提出的方法具有相當程度的安全性。
在未來的研究中，可加強手機內部安全元件對於應用程式的身分辯識程度，防止非法程式癱瘓手機晶片卡功能，也須針對NFC標籤內容的正確性著手，藉此防範惡意程式碼滲入手機，侵犯使用者隱私。第一章 緒論 1
1.1. 前言 1
1.2. 研究動機與目的 2
1.3. 論文架構 3
第二章 文獻探討 4
2.1. NFC主要通訊標準 4
2.1.1. ISO/IEC 18092標準 4
2.1.2. ISO/IEC 14443標準 9
2.1.2.1. ISO/IEC 14443標準初始化流程 11
2.1.2.2. ISO/IEC 14443規範四種NFC標籤類別 14
2.1.3. ECMA International 385標準與ECMA International 386標準 15
2.2. NFC運作模式 17
2.2.1. Peer-to-Peer Mode(點對點模式) 17
2.2.2. Card Emulation Mode(卡片模擬模式) 18
2.2.3. Reader/Writer Mode(讀取∕寫入模式) 18
第三章 NFC安全議題分析 21
第四章 NFC電子錢包安全通訊機制 26
4.1. 相關系統介紹 26
4.1.1. Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange方法介紹 26
4.1.2. Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem方法介紹 28
4.2. NFC電子錢包安全通訊機制 31
4.3. 本機制與Hasoo等學者所提出方法之比較 37
4.4. 本機制之安全性分析 39
第五章 結論與未來展望 42
參考文獻 4
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