1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Constructing the European Green Deal : The case of Finnish corporations
Get PDFClimate change, one of the most pressing wicked problems of our time, is becoming an increasingly visible part of people's daily lives around the world. To mitigate climate change, solutions are being sought in different sectors of society: nations, international organisations and business corporations alike are moving rapidly to take action to make their policies more sustainable.
One of the biggest climate law packages published in recent years is the European Green Deal by the European Commission in 2019. The program aims to achieve a climate-neutral EU by 2050, and to reduce emissions by 50–55% by 2030, using 1990 as a benchmark. While the EU institutions are legislating new laws to complete the package's coverage of different sectors of society, business corporations are speeding up the progress towards climate targets with their own ambitious sustainability actions. In this thesis, drawing inspiration from the literature on International Political Economy, I analyze the roles of these different societal actors. The research enables reflecting on whether the traditional nation-states still leading the changes in the global world, or whether business corporations, through their actions, have become the trendsetters.
This question is addressed in this thesis through a case study. The thesis focuses on how Finnish companies are constructing the European Green Deal. The point is to explore how companies are positioning themselves in this change. A set of Finnish companies from different sectors of society have been selected for the study, adopting the EGD's social division of companies.
The theory utilized in this thesis is social constructivism, which helps find ways in which the EGD is publicly constructed in the companies' public publications. Two different discourses, rational and moral, are eventually formed based on the publications from different sectors, which are finally divided into different subcategories.
The analysis revealed that Finnish companies construct the EGD in the public debate mainly through the rational discourse. This was the case for all companies in the selected sectors. Among the subcategories of rational discourse, factual information, opportunities and challenges/ponders were especially useful in exploring ways of constructing the EGD. Among the moral discourse’s subcategories, personal values emerged as more important than subcategories such as "the right thing to do" or social responsibility.
In general, companies in different sectors have different perceptions of the EGD: while the Forest sector is more concerned about the impact of the EGD on the future of their company's operations, in many other sectors, such as Energy, Food, and Transport and forwarding, the EGD is constructed more as an opportunity for the future. What was surprising was how in the Machinery and industrial products sector, several aspects of the EGD are seen to be at odds with the companies' means of tackling climate change. In the Construction sector, on the other hand, the EGD is hardly discussed publicly at all, and not much can be concluded about the way the sector constructs the EGD in the context of this study.
As to the question of who drives societal change, the thesis found out that it is impossible to give a straightforward answer to this question. Instead, the results of this thesis suggest that governments and firms act as drivers for the actions of each other. While the state or other public actors, for example, put forward legislation that affects the behavior of firms, firms themselves can set targets that are more ambitious than those required by laws or regulations if perceived as rational, as reflected in the dominance of the rational discourse in the research materials of this thesis
Sosiodemografisten ja sosioekonomisten tekijöiden vaikutus äänestysaktiivisuuteen Suomessa: Eurovaalit 2019
Get PDFEurovaalien äänestysaktiivisuus on laskenut ensimmäisistä eurovaaleista lähtien. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkoitukseni on selvittää, miksi eurovaaleissa jätetään äänestämättä. Olen kiinnostunut myös siitä, mitkä sosiodemografiset ja sosioekonomiset tekijät vaikuttavat äänestämättä jättämiseen Suomen eurovaaleissa. Jotta voin sanoa, miksi äänestämättä jätetään juuri eurovaaleissa, vertailen vuoden 2019 Suomen eurovaaleja vuoden 2019 Suomen eduskuntavaaleihin.
Tein tutkimuksen hyödyntämällä aiemmasta kirjallisuudesta löydettyjä syitä, tutkimalla Eurobarometreja sekä Tilastokeskuksen rekisteriaineistoja suomalaisten äänestyskäyttäytymisestä. Aiemmasta kirjallisuudesta keskeiseksi nousi teoria toisen asteen vaaleista. Lisäksi löysin eurobarometreista erilaisia vaalikohtaisia syitä, jotka vaikuttavat äänestysaktiivisuuteen. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytin kuvailevaa kvantitatiivista tutkimusta, jossa vertailin vuoden 2019 eurovaalien ja eduskuntavaalien sosiodemografisia ja sosioekonomisia tekijöitä. Näitä ovat ikä, sukupuoli, koulutus sekä tulotaso.
Tutkimuksen tulokset mukailevat pääosin aiemman kirjallisuuden tuloksia. Eurovaaleissa tärkeimmiksi äänestämättä jättämisen syiksi nousee vaalien kiinnostamattomuus, tiedon puute Euroopan unionista sekä tunne yhden äänen riittämättömyydestä.
Tutkimuksessa sain selville, että sosiodemografisilla sekä sosioekonomisilla tekijöillä on selkeä yhteys äänestämiseen myös eurovaaleissa. Alhainen koulutustaso, nuori ikä, sekä alhainen tulotaso ovat tekijöitä, joiden takia äänestämättä jätetään eurovaaleissa todennäköisimmin. Nuoret miehet äänestävät huomattavasti vähemmän kuin saman ikäiset naiset. Tilanne kääntyy toisinpäin äänestäjien iän yltäessä yli 50 vuoteen.
Äänestysaktiivisuudessa voidaan huomata joitakin eroja, kun verrataan eduskuntavaalien ja eurovaalien äänioikeutettujen sosiodemografisia ja sosioekonomisia tekijöitä. Molemmissa vaaleissa korkea ikä, korkea koulutus sekä korkea tulotaso nostavat äänestysaktiivisuutta. Toisen asteen koulutuksen käyneet äänestävät melko usein eduskuntavaaleissa verrattuna siihen, miten usein he äänestävät eurovaaleissa. Eduskuntavaaleissa äänestysaktiivisuus nousee tasaisesti tulotason noustessa ylöspäin, mutta eurovaaleissa äänestysaktiivisuus kääntyy nousuun vasta aivan ylimmissä tuloluokissa. Miesten ja naisten äänestysaktiivisuus erot ovat eurovaaleissa pienempiä kuin eduskuntavaaleissa
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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