137 research outputs found
Maintenance management on development of tourism industry in Malaysia’s forest / Nurhayati Zulkeply
Get PDFRecreation cannot be apart from human. This is because human has needs for his own self to rest. Recreation can gives human satisfaction, which they can have, fresh air while doing many beneficial activities with family and friends. Nowadays, there are many recreation area has been built to fulfill the demand of the people. The presence of recreation areas can increase the economy of the country because of the tourist; local or international visit many recreational parks in this country. There are many recreation areas based or back to the basic which involves the nature source for instance forest, sea side, river, hills and other nature sources. And so of that, development has taken place at the said areas which it need to be maintained for public uses day by day. In short, this dissertation will study on the Maintenance Management on Development of Tourism Industry in Malaysia's Forest and it is hoped that author can come out with rationale solution and recommendation regarding the study area
Professional Education and Training in Indonesia
No full textFirst paragraph: This book chapter presents findings based on the main study that explores the perception of Indonesian Judges in sentencing of minor drug offenders. This study is essential to an academic and a non-academic audience, for example, the public services system working in judicial training, the policymaker, and the public affairs education (Yevgenievna, 2017; Santoso & Hassan 2018; Schmatt, 2018; Schultz et al., 2018). The study presented in this book chapter explores the professional training of the judges that may influence their interpretation of justice. This book chapter introducing the research question, context to the study, the theoretical framework, the contribution to knowledge, and the layout of this book chapter. The organisation of the study as follows. First, it sets out the previous study on the relationship between the professional training of the judges’ factors when sentencing. Second, it sets out a useful tool for understanding how the judges choose to interpret what justice is. Third, it looks at several strategies to identify relevant studies in the literature. Fourth, it presents an understanding the way in which trainee judges learn the three most important forms of justice: legal justice, moral justice, and social justice. Finally, it provides recommendations and future research directions for improving judicial Education and Training in the 21st Century (Estriyanto et al., 2017; Bahdi & Kassis, 2020; Carey, 2020; Mtshali, & Ramaligela, 2020). The following section provides the background and context to the study with a personal account of the author interest and involvement with the subject of sentencing practice
創造設計手法に関する研究と本質的な潜在ニーズの発見手法の構築
No full textInnovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or the improvement in them (Schumpter, 1983). Innovation is closely related to invention as innovation is more on involving the practical implementation of a new or improved invention to make a meaningful impact in a market or society (Schumpter, 1939). On the other hand, innovative design is a process of identifying, pinpointing, and understanding the needs of the user or audience (Shaulis, 2021). Previously, Dixon (1966) defined innovative design as any design that is: new or different, or elegant or uses new ideas, or is an improvement over its peers. Once the market need has been identified, a solution can then be designed. In our proposed innovative design method, we introduced and investigated a method that is able to be applied in designing an intergrated system that could be a valuable solution to the society. This method starts with directly observe activities of things and real people in real trouble in the real field. Then, we think about the value of "I wish there were such things as…", visualize the story, draw a clear sketch to accomplish the story concretely. Next, we solidify the functions and specifications while investigating needs and competition. Then, we create a prototype that able to show and test your ideas, demonstrate to the people who need it, let them experience it, and gain feedback. Lastly, we evaluate the value of product design and development and plan methods for implementing it as an organization, and plan ways to improve and expand globally. All of the steps in this method are important for innovative design, however, in this research this time we focused on co-designing value, big idea, and considering as integrated steps for identifying latent needs of the consumers. It is because identifying needs is an important part in the product development process.
Latent needs are those that many consumers recognize as important in a final product but unable to articulate in advance (Ulrich, 2015). The latent needs addressed in this study was focusing on identifying consumer requirements in product development in the innovative design method. The challenge in identifying latent needs is finding the method to elicit from consumers the needs which are not addressed by any inventors yet in the present market but would delight the consumers if delivered tomorrow. The purpose of this study is to propose and verify the method in the elicitation of latent needs from consumer needs by introducing a working prototype to the consumers, interviewing, and analyzing responses from the consumers.
This research was conducted during the year the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the pandemic spread, most countries were forced to go into lockdown or declare an emergency state. The school was closed and business organizations needed to switch to working from home to prevent the spread. The parents were unable to work from home efficiently as they were worried their children will involve in dangerous incidents if the children were left by themselves. Based on this situation, this study was conducted in finding the latent needs of the parents, childcare workers, and children in order to assist them in going through their problems during this COVID-19 pandemic.
The working prototype was used as material to prepare presentation slides for the consumers' interviews. The first presentation slides were focused on the background problems and ideas for the solutions while the second presentation slides provided consumers with a prototype and story of the product that was believed would be one of the solutions to the problems. Interviews were conducted after both slide presentations. Consumers' responses were obtained and interpreted into consumers' needs in terms of product functions.
In the first study, consumers' interpreted needs from Problem-based interviews and Prototype and Story-based interviews were compared. Based on the results, latent needs interpreted from interviewees' responses and the categories of the needs obtained from the Prototype-based interviews are more than from the Problem-based interview. The latent needs that we were able to obtain from this research were for example, “The device is able to detect small changes in a child while watching he/she sleeping” which could lead into the prevention of unwanted incident such as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This supports our assumption that showing working prototype-based materials with story descriptions can be effective in uncovering potential latent needs.
In the second study, it is assumed that experience, empathy, and knowledge of working prototype is essential elements in product development, therefore, new additional guidelines which are “to write a statement with empathy”, “to write a statement as a designer”, and “to write a statement as someone with experience” were proposed during consumers' needs interpretation to see whether these new guidelines will influence the process of identifying latent needs of consumers. From the result, it is concluded that the number of interpreted needs increased when we applied the new proposed guideline. Although the number is small, the needs might not be interpreted if the new guidelines were not considered. We were also able to obtain a few important latent needs when we applied these new guidelines. A latent need collected from applying the guideline "to write a statement as someone with experience" is “The device is not for teaching love and humanity but for monitoring by watching facial expression, posture, and vital signals such as temperature and heart rate”. We could conclude that including these guidelines upon interpreting raw data from the consumers’ interviews might lead into discovering important and critical latent needs of the consumers.
In the third study, a quantitative evaluation method for identifying latent needs was introduced. The consumers' interpreted needs were rated according to a basis of rating from the three perspectives of importance, latent-ness, and technological feasibility. The Degree of Latent Needs (DLN) was calculated by multiplying these three metrics. Based on the result for the average and variance of DLN mean value for each evaluator which is sufficiently small, it indicates that the basis of rating for three metrics of the DLN is effective. The results also indicate that the 20 highest DLN points of the interpreted needs contain attractive features in terms of design. However, we had gotten some pushback on the average of each interpreted need and its variance which indicates opposing opinions among evaluators. As it is possible that attractive needs are hidden and may lead to the discovery of latent needs through individual pinpoint interviews, the interviews with the minority evaluators were conducted. The interview results indicate that the latent needs with low DLN rates but valuable might be able to be discovered by conducting follow-up interviews such as “The device is able to recognize items (food or not) that a child wants to put in the mouth”. From the results in all three studies, we could conclude that a number of important latent needs are able to be elicited from consumers’ needs by applying the proposed method. In our fourth study, a decision-making method based on the patent analysis between the conceptual design stage and the prototyping stage in the innovative design method was introduced. Conducting a patent strategy was assumed to support how to select the right concept precisely. In this study, by conducting a patent search in this stage by the designer who understood best the product functions and working principles, a supporting method was introduced to assist the designer in their decision-making process. Based on the result, the method was able to observe whether there are dominating companies or not for our concept design. If there is a dominating company, the possibility of not being able to produce our concept becomes bigger. This method may be applied as an indicator to support decisionmaking in the concept design stage in the innovative design method, whether to proceed with the concept design or not and to reduce the possibility of product failure in the future.
From the results of all the studies, we could conclude that these above methods may be applied as assistive tools to support designers’ understanding of consumers’ requirements and selecting the right concept design
創造設計手法に関する研究と本質的な潜在ニーズの発見手法の構築
Get PDFInnovation is the practical implementation of ideas that result in the introduction of new goods or services or the improvement in them (Schumpter, 1983). Innovation is closely related to invention as innovation is more on involving the practical implementation of a new or improved invention to make a meaningful impact in a market or society (Schumpter, 1939). On the other hand, innovative design is a process of identifying, pinpointing, and understanding the needs of the user or audience (Shaulis, 2021). Previously, Dixon (1966) defined innovative design as any design that is: new or different, or elegant or uses new ideas, or is an improvement over its peers. Once the market need has been identified, a solution can then be designed. In our proposed innovative design method, we introduced and investigated a method that is able to be applied in designing an intergrated system that could be a valuable solution to the society. This method starts with directly observe activities of things and real people in real trouble in the real field. Then, we think about the value of "I wish there were such things as…", visualize the story, draw a clear sketch to accomplish the story concretely. Next, we solidify the functions and specifications while investigating needs and competition. Then, we create a prototype that able to show and test your ideas, demonstrate to the people who need it, let them experience it, and gain feedback. Lastly, we evaluate the value of product design and development and plan methods for implementing it as an organization, and plan ways to improve and expand globally. All of the steps in this method are important for innovative design, however, in this research this time we focused on co-designing value, big idea, and considering as integrated steps for identifying latent needs of the consumers. It is because identifying needs is an important part in the product development process.
Latent needs are those that many consumers recognize as important in a final product but unable to articulate in advance (Ulrich, 2015). The latent needs addressed in this study was focusing on identifying consumer requirements in product development in the innovative design method. The challenge in identifying latent needs is finding the method to elicit from consumers the needs which are not addressed by any inventors yet in the present market but would delight the consumers if delivered tomorrow. The purpose of this study is to propose and verify the method in the elicitation of latent needs from consumer needs by introducing a working prototype to the consumers, interviewing, and analyzing responses from the consumers.
This research was conducted during the year the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the pandemic spread, most countries were forced to go into lockdown or declare an emergency state. The school was closed and business organizations needed to switch to working from home to prevent the spread. The parents were unable to work from home efficiently as they were worried their children will involve in dangerous incidents if the children were left by themselves. Based on this situation, this study was conducted in finding the latent needs of the parents, childcare workers, and children in order to assist them in going through their problems during this COVID-19 pandemic.
The working prototype was used as material to prepare presentation slides for the consumers' interviews. The first presentation slides were focused on the background problems and ideas for the solutions while the second presentation slides provided consumers with a prototype and story of the product that was believed would be one of the solutions to the problems. Interviews were conducted after both slide presentations. Consumers' responses were obtained and interpreted into consumers' needs in terms of product functions.
In the first study, consumers' interpreted needs from Problem-based interviews and Prototype and Story-based interviews were compared. Based on the results, latent needs interpreted from interviewees' responses and the categories of the needs obtained from the Prototype-based interviews are more than from the Problem-based interview. The latent needs that we were able to obtain from this research were for example, “The device is able to detect small changes in a child while watching he/she sleeping” which could lead into the prevention of unwanted incident such as sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). This supports our assumption that showing working prototype-based materials with story descriptions can be effective in uncovering potential latent needs.
In the second study, it is assumed that experience, empathy, and knowledge of working prototype is essential elements in product development, therefore, new additional guidelines which are “to write a statement with empathy”, “to write a statement as a designer”, and “to write a statement as someone with experience” were proposed during consumers' needs interpretation to see whether these new guidelines will influence the process of identifying latent needs of consumers. From the result, it is concluded that the number of interpreted needs increased when we applied the new proposed guideline. Although the number is small, the needs might not be interpreted if the new guidelines were not considered. We were also able to obtain a few important latent needs when we applied these new guidelines. A latent need collected from applying the guideline "to write a statement as someone with experience" is “The device is not for teaching love and humanity but for monitoring by watching facial expression, posture, and vital signals such as temperature and heart rate”. We could conclude that including these guidelines upon interpreting raw data from the consumers’ interviews might lead into discovering important and critical latent needs of the consumers.
In the third study, a quantitative evaluation method for identifying latent needs was introduced. The consumers' interpreted needs were rated according to a basis of rating from the three perspectives of importance, latent-ness, and technological feasibility. The Degree of Latent Needs (DLN) was calculated by multiplying these three metrics. Based on the result for the average and variance of DLN mean value for each evaluator which is sufficiently small, it indicates that the basis of rating for three metrics of the DLN is effective. The results also indicate that the 20 highest DLN points of the interpreted needs contain attractive features in terms of design. However, we had gotten some pushback on the average of each interpreted need and its variance which indicates opposing opinions among evaluators. As it is possible that attractive needs are hidden and may lead to the discovery of latent needs through individual pinpoint interviews, the interviews with the minority evaluators were conducted. The interview results indicate that the latent needs with low DLN rates but valuable might be able to be discovered by conducting follow-up interviews such as “The device is able to recognize items (food or not) that a child wants to put in the mouth”. From the results in all three studies, we could conclude that a number of important latent needs are able to be elicited from consumers’ needs by applying the proposed method. In our fourth study, a decision-making method based on the patent analysis between the conceptual design stage and the prototyping stage in the innovative design method was introduced. Conducting a patent strategy was assumed to support how to select the right concept precisely. In this study, by conducting a patent search in this stage by the designer who understood best the product functions and working principles, a supporting method was introduced to assist the designer in their decision-making process. Based on the result, the method was able to observe whether there are dominating companies or not for our concept design. If there is a dominating company, the possibility of not being able to produce our concept becomes bigger. This method may be applied as an indicator to support decisionmaking in the concept design stage in the innovative design method, whether to proceed with the concept design or not and to reduce the possibility of product failure in the future.
From the results of all the studies, we could conclude that these above methods may be applied as assistive tools to support designers’ understanding of consumers’ requirements and selecting the right concept design.博士(工学)山口大学Yamaguchi Universit
Language Style in the Novel Rencana Besar untuk Mati dengan Tenang by Wisnu Suryaning Adji Stylistic Studies
No full textOne of the ways authors express literary works is through the use of language styles. Language style has a function that can influence the reader which can make the reader interested in what the author conveys. This research is entitled "Language Style in the novel Big Plan to Die with Calm by Wisnu Suryaning Adji". The purpose of this study is to describe the use of style in hyperbole, irony, and personification in the novel The Great Plan to Die with Tranquility by Wisnu Suryaning Adji. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. Based on the results of the study, the author uses hyperbolic language style to emphasize excess, describe emotional tension, create dramatic effects, give an impression of humor. The use of ironic language styles for the contrast between hope and reality, dissatisfaction and frustration, social criticism, emotional reflection, and gives a more complex layer of meaning. Using his own personification language style, the author aims to bring objects and concepts to life, create an emotional impression, add aesthetic beauty to the novel Big Plan to Die with Tenang by Wisnu Suryaning Adji.93 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Joint B2B supply chain decision-making: Drivers, facilitators and barriers
No full textJoint decision-making is one of the coordination mechanisms to address the inherent complexity of business-to-business (B2B) processes within a supply chain. Joint decision-making can be helpful to define shared goals and objectives, identify supply chain failures and opportunities, and consolidate supply chain success. Parties may benefit directly from a partnership's potential and synergies by collaboratively making decisions. However, specific business conditions need to be in place to enable joint decision-making. This paper investigates how companies in a dyadic relationship arrive at joint and individual supply chain decision-making structure. We examine the drivers, facilitators, and barriers of making joint as well as individual decisions within the supplier-buyer dyad and frame our arguments borrowing perspectives from resource dependency theory, transaction cost economics, collaboration theory, and social exchange theory. The paper presents a case study of Dutch high-tech companies, analysing experiences of supply chain managers via semi-structured interviews. High-tech firms often collaborate and share supply chain decisions due to the high-value capital equipment as well as a shared dependency on highly specific scarce resources. Our study provides new empirical insight into how firms cope with conflicting drivers, facilitators, and barriers in collaborations, controlling their decision-making structure. From the case study, we identify the combinations of facilitators and drivers that tend to promote the existence of joint decisions. We conclude with providing a list of suggestions for decision-makers and future research.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Transport and LogisticsTransport and Plannin
MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA MANUSIA (SDM) PADA LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI MAN I TANAH JABO AYE ACEH UTARA
No full textIn improving the quality of educational resources that contribute to workforce development, the composition or arrangement, processes, maintenance or education, and the concentration of work relationships are crucial factors. However, Islamic principles in human resource management not only consider the interests of advancing institutions, schools, and organizations, but also focus on the needs of employees, learners, and the demands of the wider community. By integrating these aspects, work effectiveness can be achieved, and predetermined goals can be realized. Recognizing the importance of human resources in organizations or educational institutions as a challenge in achieving effective and efficient educational goals, the author is motivated to conduct research on human resource management in the Islamic educational institution, MAN I Tanah Jambo Aye, North Aceh Regency. The author formulates several problems related to human resource management in the Islamic educational institution, with a focus on improving the quality of employees and educational standards. This study adopts a qualitative research design, specifically field research, using data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and documentation.The conclusion drawn from this research is that to enhance the quality of human resources, the school principal undertakes various activities such as assigning tasks, organizing workshops, and providing training tailored to the respective fields of the teachers. The aim is to develop the knowledge and skills possessed by the teachers, advance the educational institution, and encourage learners to expand their knowledge in the field of education. Keywords: Management, Human Resources, Islamic Educational Institutio
Implementation of cooperative learning model type STAD with RME approach to understanding of mathematical concept student state junior high school in Pekanbaru
No full textRevealing and Building the COSO Concept and Khalifatullah Fill Ard Philosophy to Prevent and Detect the Occurrence of Fraud Through Forensic Accounting
No full textAbstractThe objective of this research was to reveal the occurrence of Disclaimer financial statements opinion phenomenon, explore and analyze the function of Internal Control Unit (SPI) to perform its role in preventing and detecting fraud. This research was qualitative using phenomenological approach with interpretive paradigm. The research objects were Internal Control Unit (SPI) staff at State Higher Education Institutions, namely the Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Internal Control Unit (SPI). The results show the occurrence of disclaimer opinion because the asset procurement and managements are not in accordance with the regulations of PJB (Management of Goods and Services)
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