1,720,980 research outputs found
ANALISIS PROKSIMAT KERIPIK WORTEL (Daucus carota, L.) PADA SUHU DAN LAMA PENGGORENGAN YANG BERBEDA MENGGUNAKAN MESIN VACUUM FRYING
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan lama penggorengan yang berbeda menggunakan mesin vacuum frying terhadap analisis proksimat keripik wortel (Daucus carota, L.) yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah pengolahan produk hortikultura Nagari Batu Palano Kec. Sungai Pua Kab. Agam dan Laboratorium Jurusan Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Universitas Andalas, Padang pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial 3x3. Faktor pertama adalah suhu penggorengan yaitu suhu 800C (A1), 85oC (A2) dan 90oC (A3). Faktor kedua adalah lama penggorengan yaitu 50 menit (B1), 60 menit (B2) dan 70 menit (B3). Analisis proksimat terhadap keripik wortel meliputi kadar air, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar abu dan kadar karbohidrat (by difference). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air tertinggi pada perlakuan A2B1 yaitu 19,60% dan terendah pada A2B3 yaitu 16,23%, kadar protein tertinggi pada perlakuan A3B2 yaitu 3,33% dan terendah pada perlakuan A3B3 yaitu 1,89%, kadar lemak tertinggi pada perlakuan A2B2 yaitu 20,54% dan terendah pada A3B3 yaitu 11,84%, kadar abu tertinggi pada perlakuan A1B1 yaitu 17,19% dan terendah pada A3B3 yaitu 3,46%, kadar karbohidrat tertinggi pada perlakuan A3B3 yaitu 64,66% dan terendah pada A2B2 yaitu 43,75%. Suhu penggorengan optimum adalah 90oC dan lama penggorengan optimum adalah 70 menit atau perlakuan A3B3 yang menghasilkan produk terbaik di antara perlakuan yang lain
Angka-Angka Sebagai Ide Dalam Karya Seni Patung
Full text linkPerkembangan seni patung sekarang ini mcngalami kcmajuan pesat dalam corak penampilan mengolah berbagai material yang kreatif dan berkarakter. Aspek perwujudan media yang ditampilkan sangat beragam dalam mewujudkannya. Lahirnya karya seni tidak bisa Iepas dari perkembangan yang ada sekarang ini. Karya seni hadir untuk diamati dan dinikmati oleh semua kalangan yang ada dimasyarakat. Begitu kuatnya perkembangan seni sekarang ini, mempengaruhi proses kreâtif penulis dalam mewujudkan karya seni tiga dimensional. Bagi penulis dalam mewujudkan tugas akhir seni patung ini adalah sebuah pembelajaran yang baru dalam memahami material.Dipandang dari segi bentuk kreatif, sebuah karya seni patung yang diolah dalam bentuk angka — angka merupakan keunikan tersendiri dalam penyajiannya yang beragam bentuk dan tekniknya.Dalam uraian diatas penulis berharap penggunaan bentuk angka — angka kedalam karya seni patung dengan material kayu dapat memberikan kepuasan dan inspirasi baru bagi penikmat seni nantinya
IMPLEMENTASI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK PENGAWAS GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN KOTA MANNA KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN
Full text linkImplementasi supervisi akademik pengawas guru PAI pada Sekola Dasar di Kecamatan Kota Manna Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan kategori efektif (73,00%). Dengan rincian untuk perencanaan masuk kategori efektif (74,11%), pelaksanaan masukkategori efektif (73,21%), tindak lanjut masuk kategori efektif (71,67%).Faktor pendukung supervisi akademik pengawasguru PAI di Kecamatan Kota Manna adalah sekolah dan guru agama selalu terbuka menerima kedatangan pengawas danjarak tempuh ke lokasi sekolah tergolong dapat dijangkau karena berada di dalam kota. Sedangkan faktor penghambatsupervisi akademik disebabkan pengawas tidak menguasai teknik-teknik supervisi akademik dan jarang mendapatkanpelatihan kepengawasan.Untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut di atas, maka solusi yang dilakukan agar pelaksanaan supervisiakademik pengawas PAI dapat lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kompetensi professional guru PAI adalah: rekrutment danpengangkatan pengawas baru oleh Kementerian Agama, pengawas perlu melakukan supervisi akademik yang lebih intens,meningkatkan pembinaan terhadap pengawas melalui monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap perencanaan dan pelaksanaanprogram yang dilakukan pengawas secara berkala dan perlu diterapkan sistem reward dan punishment yang jelas danmemprogramkan secara rutin kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat menjunjung peningkatan kompetensi pengawas, terutama yangberkaitan dengan kompetensi akademik pengawas
Bio-based Film with Anthocyanins from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana, L.) Peel Extract as Smart Packaging Indicator of Chicken Meat Deterioration
Full text linkThe aim of this research is to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of anthocyanins from mangosteen peel extract and bio-based film as smart packaging indicator on the chicken meat deterioration during storage. An indicator can be defined as a substance which indicates the presence or absence of another substance or the degree of a certain reaction through characteristic changes, especially colour. This research used Complete Randomized Design with two factors and three replications. First factor was temperature storage which was T1 (± 270C) and T2 (± -20C). Second factor was storage time consisted of 0-6 days (t1) and 0-28 days (t2) . The results showed the physicochemical characteristics of anthocyanins from mangosteen peel extract with the value of anthocyanin total 37.57 mg/L, pH value 1.3, Lightness (L*) 18.06, redness (a*) 31,88 and yellowness (b*) value 6.52. The physicochemical characteristics of bio-based film indicator stored at ±270C during 6 days period showed the value of colour change is 0hue 57.61 (yellow-red) into 40.46 (red), the pH value (4,28-7,26), total anthocyanins (2.58-1.58 mg/L). The physicochemical characteristics of bio-based film indicator stored at ±-20C during 28 days period showed the value of colour change is 0hue 63.61 (yellow-red) into 59.57 (yellow-red), the pH value (4.34-4.70), total anthocyanins (2.83-0.16 mg/L)
PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN FICUS SEBAGAI SUMBER ENZIM FISIN DAN APLIKASINYA PADA PRODUK PANGAN
Full text linkIsmed. Utilization of Ficus Plants as a Source of Ficin Enzyme and Its Application in Food Products. Supervised by Rina Yenrina, Hasbullah, Daimon Syukri, and Yusniwati.
Ficus spp. are plants in the form of trees, shrubs, or bushes commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. In Indonesia, Ficus species are distributed across several islands including Sumatra, Kalimantan, Papua, and Sulawesi. In West Sumatra, 20 species of Ficus have been identified in conservation forests, with the Padang Aro area of South Solok also known for its local name associated with Ficus. The latex of Ficus plants contains a cysteine protease enzyme called ficin. Understanding the characteristics and purification process of ficin plays a crucial role both scientifically and practically, particularly in the development of biotechnology and its application in the food industry. This study aims to:
(a) obtain information on the characteristics of crude ficin enzymes from Ficus spp.;
(b) isolate ficin enzymes using the Three Phase Partitioning (TPP) method optimized through variations in salt concentration (ammonium sulfate), crude enzyme extract, organic solvent (tert-butanol), pH, and temperature;
(c) determine ficin characteristics including pH, temperature, cofactors, activators, inhibitors, enzyme kinetics, enzyme and substrate concentration, molecular weight, and drying methods; (d) apply ficin in meat tenderization and milk-clotting processes. The research employed a qualitative approach with descriptive and experimental methods using a completely randomized design (CRD), response surface methodology (RSM), and a factorial design. Key findings include:
(a) Crude ficin enzymes extracted from the fruit and latex of Ficus aurata (Miq.), Ficus padana Burm.f., and Ficus racemosa L. showed total enzyme activity between 7.35–24.01 U, total protein content ranging from 1.64–4.83 mg, and specific activity between 1.87–5.41 U/mg. Latex generally demonstrated higher catalytic activity. Partial purification using 60% ammonium sulfate and dialysis increased specific activity of ficin from Ficus aurata latex. Proximate analysis revealed high protein content in Ficus aurata fruit. (b) The Three Phase Partitioning (TPP) method optimized by RSM recovery the best conditions at 60% ammonium sulfate saturation and a tert-butanol to enzyme ratio of 1:1.25, resulting in a specific activity of 33.33 U/mg. (c) Optimal purification was achieved at 40°C and pH 6.5, with a specific activity of 42.25 U/mg. TPP effectively enhanced both purity and activity, increasing specific activity from 4.62 U/mg to 42.25 U/mg, a recovery of 227.89%, and a 9.15-fold purification. Further analysis showed that cysteine significantly increased enzyme activity, whereas MgCl₂ and CaCl₂ inhibited it at high concentrations. MnSO₄ enhanced activity in a concentration-dependent manner, while KCl increased total activity at low concentrations but reduced specific activity at higher concentrations. EDTA acted as an inhibitor, and CuSO₄, FeSO₄, and BaCl₂ increased activity at low concentrations but inhibited it at high levels, with BaCl₂ showing the weakest inhibitory effect. Substrate testing showed that casein significantly enhanced enzyme activity, while gelatin, ISP, and BSA produced lower activity. Ficin was more effective in hydrolyzing casein due to its compatible amino acid composition. Enzyme kinetics indicated that total activity increased with substrate concentration, peaking at 0.3 mM, while specific activity remained constant at around 40 U/mg. Freeze drying was more effective than solar drying in preserving amino acid content and enzyme quality. SDS-PAGE analysis showed a protein band around 35 kDa, suggesting the presence of proteolytic fractions. (d) In meat tenderization, higher temperatures reduced protein content and water holding capacity (WHC), whereas lower temperatures with higher ficin concentrations improved WHC and meat tenderness. The best results were achieved at 80°C with 5% ficin, producing tender meat with optimal texture, although high temperatures reduced brightness and increased redness. In milk-clotting applications, 40°C was the optimal temperature, recoverying the fastest coagulation time and highest clotting activity. This study also highlights the potential of Ficus species as conservation plants capable of preventing erosion and rehabilitating marginal lands, making them relevant for application in tropical agroforestry systems to support sustainable agriculture
Perbandingan Total Koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat, Total Koloni Bakteri Aerob dan Keasaman Asi yang di simpan Pada Suhu Freezer (-15°C) dan Suhu Refrigerator (4°C)
Full text linkSuhu penyimpanan ASI dapat mempengaruhi total koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat, total koloni bakteri aerob dan keasaman di dalam ASI. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional comparatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah ASI yang didapatkan dari ibu-ibu yang menitipkan anaknya di TPA kelurahan Koto Tangah Padang. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah semua populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Suhu penyimpanan ASI mempengaruhi total koloni Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL), tetapi tidak ada pengaruh suhu penyimpanan ASI terhadap total koloni bakteri aerob dan keasaman di dalam ASI.
 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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