996 research outputs found
Kekuatan Karya Sastra Muhammad Iqbal dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Masyarakat Islam India
No full textKEKUATAN KARYA SASTRA MUHAMMAD IQBAL DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP MASYARAKAT ISLAM INDIA Oleh: Ahmad Ghozi Fakultas Humaniora UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang Jl. Gajayana No. 50, Malang. Telp. 081555788548 e-mail: [email protected]
Gagasan pembaharuan Islam dalam puisi Muhammad Iqbal
No full text1.Sebagian besar sajak dan puisi Iqbal ditulis dalam betuk matsnawi (dua baris), yang kebanyakan dipakai dalam tradisi Puisi Arab, Persia, dan Urdu. Mastnawi merupakan ritme campuran yang tidak mengikat, berbeda halnya dengan gazhal. Muhammad Iqbal adalah salah satu sosok cendekiawan muslim sekaligus penyair cerdas yang masih menggunakan aturan persajakan dalam puisi-puisinya. Istilah sajak atau bait puisi yang dikenal dengan istilah awzan adalah aturan yang berasal dari kesusastraan Arab. Namun, dalam karyanya yang dominan menggunakan bahasa Urdu dan Persia, Iqbal berhasil mendeskripsikan bahwa sajak dan bait dalam kesusastraan Persia lebih dilengkapi dan disempurnakan. Iqbal menggunakan qowafi Persia yang kebanyakan berbentuk ridf yaitu pengulangan kata pada akhir setiap baris. Adapun bentuk-bentuk qowafi pada puisi Iqbal juga beragam. Antara lain berbentuk ruba’iyat atau biasa disebut dengan berbait-bait. Selain itu ada juga yang berbentuk muwassahah (stanza) menurut aturan dalam persajakan Arab yang sangat terkenal dalam pembahasan puisi (syair) yang biasa dikupas dalam Ilmu Arudl, disebutkan beberapa macam-macam Bahr, seperti : thowiil, madiid, basiith, waafir, kaamil, hajz, rojaz, roml, saarih, munsarih, khofiif, mutaqoorib, mutadaarik.
2. Tema dan amanat dalam puisi-puisi Iqbal mengandung gagasan pembaharuan Islam yang radikal, ia ingin mendobrak kejumudan pemikiran yang terjadi terutama pada masa Muhammad Iqbal. Semangat luar biasa didengungkan oleh Muhammad Iqbal untuk benar-benar kembali kepada ajaran Islam itu sendiri, seperti menggali kembali al-Qur’an dan berpegang tegung dengannya, tidak hanya sebagai bacaan tanpa memahami inti dan isi darinya, tapi mampu mempraktekkannya dalam kehidupan nyata. Semangat kembali pada Al-Qur’an selalu ia suarakan dalam banyak puisi-puisinya, semangat inilah yang mampu membuat muslim kembali kepada kemajuan, menggalinya tidak hanya mensucikannya, sebagaimana dalam bai
Kehidupan Muhammad Iqbal dan gagasan sastera Islam = The life of Muhammad Iqbal and Islamic lierature
No full textThis article is about the famous Pakistani poet Muhammad Iqbal. He is a leading figure of this century. His name alone is enough to describe his greatness because many of the leading figures who came after him were influenced by his ideas. When looking into his life comprehensively; his life journey in seeking knowledge, his life struggle in resisting western secular trends and setting the principles of Islamic understanding in a traditional and modern setting as if he were a perfect individual example as an ‘Islamic writer’. He does not specifically mention the term Islamic literature but every stanza of his poetry and prose is a precise reflection of Islamic thought. He contradicted western and communist secular thoughts with his intellectual strength. In one analogy, he says that his action is like the Prophet Ibrahim (a.s)who was not burned by the fire of Namruz; he was not influenced by western culture and was even able to gain control and answer some western questions about Islam. Iqbal believes that art is a sincere expression of one’s conscience. Thus, art has the power of values to educate other human beings. Furthermore, Iqbal stressed that the highest form of art is that which is able to awaken human beings and further cultivate the spirit to rise up to face the trials of life
METODE DAN PENDEKATAN PEMBUKTIAN WUJUD TUHAN: Studi Pemikiran Muhammad Iqbal dan Bediuzzaman Said Nursi
No full textThis article examines the approach of Muhammad Iqbal and Bediuzzaman
Said Nursi in proving the form of God. Their approaches come in the
mindset of the invasion of atheism and the philosophy of materialism. Both
thinkers use different approaches. While Iqbal uncovered arguments of God
from the aspect of epistemology and offered arguments for religious
experience, Nursi used the teleological argument utilizing the development of
science. Nursi used the form of God arguments inherited from earlier
scholars to strike at the attacks of atheism and materialism. Whereas Iqbal
used a philosophical approach learned from Western scientists. On the other
hand, when Iqbal uncovered from an aspect of philosophy, Nursi used
simple language to appeal to ordinary people by presenting teleological
arguments in the form of stories, dialogues, analogies, arguments for natural
order, and impossible arguments. These two thinkers use a different
approach, but both of them use science as the basis of their arguments.
Nursi used the latest findings of science in his day to reinforce the arguments
he raised, while Iqbal used the epistemology of science to manifest God
Prison problems: planned and unplanned releases of convicted extremists in Indonesia
No full textThis report examines the number of Indonesian extremist prisoners due for parole, the recidivism rate, and the dynamics in prison between the “pragmatists” and the “rejectionists” among extremist inmates.IntroductionMany convicted Indonesian terrorists will be released over the next several years after serving time in prison. The Indonesian government has little capacity at present to provide adequate post-release monitoring, although it is taking some steps to remedy this. Under the circumstances, how much of a security risk do these releases pose? The answer is probably not as much as some people fear; the recidivism rate for convicted extremists remains low. The problem is that systems are not yet in place to keep track of individuals who are considered potential problems.Any evaluation of risk must take several factors into account. One is the numbers involved. In early 2013, articles appeared in the regional media suggesting that 300 prisoners were due for release by the end of 2014. The National Anti-Terror Agency (Badan Nasional Penganggulangan Terorisme, BNPT) later stated the real figure was only 39. A more reasonable estimate is about 80 releases in 2013-2014, some of which have already taken place, with over 100 more in 2015- 2016. No one has exact data, however, and accurate predictions are close to impossible.A second factor is the prison experience of those scheduled for release. It is simply not possible to assess risk on the basis of the activities that led to their convictions. Some of the men that might have been judged most dangerous appear to have modified their views and behavior; others who might have seemed low risk have grown more militant because of associations made in prison. Which way an individual turns may depend less on government “deradicalisation” programs -- although interventions that provide status and income can help -- than on the nature and influence of fellow inmates and connections maintained on the outside. In general, senior JI leaders tend to exert a moderating influence, whereas those who follow radical preacher Aman Abdurrahman are likely to keep the level of militancy high.Other factors can also come into play, including the degree to which inmates can mix with ordinary criminal offenders. The problem of released prisoners does not relate just to those charged with terrorism but also to others they may have recruited. The largest cluster of repeat offenders among convicted extremists consists of men whose first offense had nothing to do with terrorism.The riot in Tanjung Gusta prison, Medan, on 11 July 2013 was a reminder that in thinking about scheduled releases, one should think of unscheduled ones, too, even if the number of terrorist escapes over the last decade has been remarkably low. Overcrowding, understaffing and the poor physical condition of many Indonesian prisons combine to produce escapes of ordinary criminals so frequently that it is a wonder that not more extremists make the attempt.To address these risks, improving the capacity of the Indonesian corrections system to analyse and respond to developments in prison is essential. It is also important for the government as a whole to recognize the need for improved post-release monitoring and allocate the necessary resources to put a better system in place.Managing convicted extremists goes to two much larger issues, however. One is overall prison reform: the government acknowledges that the prison system as a whole is in a state of crisis and the Corrections Directorate with the Law and Human Rights Ministry has been receptive to donor assistance in trying to address it.The second is the spread of extremist teachings in a way that generates new groups of young radicals convinced that violence is the way to address injustice, religious deviance and vice. Until the government does more to address this much more sensitive problem, the best monitoring program in the world will be of limited value
Nilai dan strategi dakwah dalam kisah Nabi Ibrahim ’Alaihissalam
No full textPenelitian ini berjudul “Nilai dan Strategi Dakwah dalam Kisah Nabi Ibrahim ‘Alaihissalam”. Permasalahan yang muncul dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kisah kehidupan Nabi Ibrahim AS, Nilai dan Strategi Dakwah apa saja yang terkandung dalam kisah Nabi Ibrahim AS, serta perjuangan dakwah dan keteladanannya dalam merealisasikan syari’at Allah bagi kaumnya. Berdasarkan permasalahan di atas maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kisah kehidupan Nabi Ibrahim AS, menggali nilai dan strategi dakwah dalam kisah Nabi Ibrahim AS, serta semangat perjuangan dan keimanannya yang penuh istiqomah untuk dapat kita aplikasikan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Data yang diperoleh kemudian ditelaah dan dicatat untuk diklasifikasikan. Data atau informasi yang diperoleh akan dianalisa dengan content analysis (analisis isi), yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan terhadap informasi yang didokumentasikan, kemudian analisa lain yang digunkan adalah analisa bahasa dan konsep. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode historis dan metode maudhu’iy. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa dari kisah Nabi Ibrahim AS terdapat nilai dakwah yang penting untuk diaplikasikan dalam merealisasikan syari’at Allah, yaitu: nilai keimanan, nilai ibadah, nilai akhlak dan nilai sosial. Adapun strategi dakwahnya yaitu; strategi dakwah bil lisan dan strategi dakwah bil hal
The role of the accused in English and Islamic criminal justice
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study of the role of the accused in the systems of
English and Islamic criminal justice. It seeks to explore the underlying
relationship between the individual and the state through an historical, structural
and contextual analysis of their rules relating to questioning and of confessions.
The analysis of the English system covers the period 1800 to 1984, with
particular reference to developments during the nineteenth century when the
foundations for the modern English state were established. The analysis of the
Islamic system combines traditionally Islamic and modern methods, assessing the
"Islamisation" movement in Malaysia through a religico-structural understanding
of juristic opinion from the four main schools of Sunnite jurisprudence.
The thesis contributes to existing knowledge on a number of levels: first, it
questions and revises the "myth" of "progress" that has dominated observations
of the history of the English criminal justice system; second, it elucidates the
relationship between Islamic law in theory and the law that is applied and
proposed in its name in Muslim states; third, it provides an analytical framework
for drawing comparisons between the underlying values of the systems of English
and Islamic criminal justice.
While acknowledging fundamental differences in terms of outlook and
articulation, the author concludes there are important similarities expressed
through such notions as "suspect" in the English system and "kafir"I"fasiq" in the
Islamic. These act as intermediate constitutional categories to whom the state
owe less protection. But the author notes also that these similarities are not
observed necessarily in the "law" which is implemented or proposed in Muslim
states; exact correspondence depends upon the over-arching political structure
and the institution of Caliphate.
The thesis is divided into six chapters: chapter one sets out the conventional view
of the historical development of English criminal procedure and evidence;
chapter two subjects that to a critique and chapter three offers a revised thesis.
Chapter four, explores methods for interpreting and explaining Islam; chapter
five sets out rules relating to confessions and questioning according to the four
Sunni schools; chapter six puts them into "context" through an examination of
the "Islamisation" process in Malaysia
A critical analysis of Mudarabah & a new approach to equity financing in Islamic finance
No full textFinancial intermediation serves a valuable purpose, but it can also be structured using equity modes of financing. This can relieve the financee and increase diversity of entrepreneurial undertakings as in debt based commercial financing, there is little room for diversity with obligatory and stipulated servicing of debt. Using Islamic equity modes of financing poses the challenge of the agency problem and moral hazard. The extent of this agency problem in Mudarabah and its impact on economic payoffs between counterparties is analyzed in this study with a simulation model. Based on review of alternate solutions proposed, the author presents two possible covenants which could make Mudarabah mode of financing more acceptable and widely usable in financial intermediation. This would also further the egalitarian objectives of an Islamic economic order.Interest free economy, Islamic Economic System, Mudarabah, Agency Problem, Moral Hazard, Adverse Selection
Dialog Nabi Ibrahim dengan Raja Namrud dalam Al-Qur’an: Dalam persprektif ilmu komunikasi
No full textPenelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh permasalahan yang kurang menarik dalam pembelajaran Dialog Nabi Ibrahim A.S dengan Raja Namrud, kebanyakan orang sering terjadi membaca hanya dari sebuah kisah singkat saja, hal ini membuat pembelajaran terasa jenuh untuk dipelajari, untuk itu penulis menambahkan bahasan menarik; Ulumul Qur’an, Tafsir dan ilmu komunikasi dalam tulisan ini, bagi seluruh masyarakat yang ining mempelajari.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan materi, cara, tempat, dan waktu Dialog Nabi Ibrahim AS Dengan Raja Namrud Karya ini juga dimaksudkan untuk memberikan kontribusi bagi ilmu pengetahuan di bidang studi Islam pada umumnya dan studi Al-Qur'an pada khususnya.
Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan Metode analisis deskriftif (deskriftif analisis), yaitu dengan cara mengumpulkan, mempelajari, dan menganalisis buku-buku yang terkait dengan objek penelitian, dan dalam penelitian ini selain Ulumul Qur’an dan kitab-kitab Tafsir penulis juga menggunakan teori komunikasi Bernard Weiner dengan Bahasan tiga arah melalui achievement behavior yaitu; Kausalitas, Stabilitas dan Control.
Dalam Dialog Nabi Ibrahim dengan Raja Namrud A.S, materi Dialog berupa kisah percakapan dan perdebatan, cara berdialog Nabi Ibrahim menjelaskan sesuatu yang membuat Raja Namrud tidak bisa membantahnya. Nabi Ibrahim as adalah nabi ke-6 dalam sejarah rasul Allah yang wajib diketahui umat Islam, Danau Balikligol di provinsi Sanliurfa di tenggara Turki dianggap sakral selama ribuan tahun. Tempat ini diyakini menjadi tempat di mana Nabi Ibrahim dimasukkan ke dalam api
Corrigendum to “An empirical investigation of resource curse hypothesis for cobalt” [Resour. Pol. (2022) 102843]
No full textThe authors regret The author Muhammad Ibrahim Shah has used the affiliation (c). “Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology (REES), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada” in this publication. However, since this work was not part of Muhammad Ibrahim Shah's thesis and not part of the work he does at the University of Alberta and no professors or supervisors from University of Alberta was involved in this paper, rather it was the result of his own personal interests, the author would like to remove the affiliation of the University of Alberta from this publication and replace it with the following affiliation: “Independent researcher, Edmonton, Canada”. He would like to replace his University email [email protected] with personal email: [email protected]. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
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