1,720,963 research outputs found
The SED and the Icelandic Socialist Party
Get PDFDer Aufsatz beschäftigt sich mit den Beziehungen zwischen der Sozialistischen Einheitspartei Deutschlands (SED) der DDR und der Sozialistischen Partei Islands (SEI) während des Kalten Krieges. Untersucht werden die strukturellen Grenzen der ideologischen Zusammenarbeit beider Parteien – Islands NATO-Mitgliedschaft und die US-Militärpräsenz – ebenso wie die Möglichkeiten der Zusammenarbeit, die sich vor allem während der Regierungsbeteiligung der SEI in den fünfziger Jahren entwickelte. Besondere Berücksichtigung findet Einar Olgeirsson, Vorsitzender der SEI von 1939 bis 1968, der entscheidend zur Entwicklung der politischen, wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Verbindungen zu SED und DDR beitrug. Es wird argumentiert, dass das Experiment transnationaler sozialistischer Solidarität zweier Parteien, die in radikal unterschiedlichen politischen Systemen verwurzelt waren, an Faktoren wie ideologischen Differenzen oder den politischen und wirtschaftlichen Entwicklungen in Island scheiterte.The article deals with the relationship between the East German Socialist Unity Party (SED) and the Icelandic Socialist Party (SEI) during the Cold War. It details the structural limitations of ideological cooperation between the two parties – Iceland’s NATO membership and the U.S. military presence – as well as its possibilities, especially in the 1950s, through the governmental participation of the SEI. Special attention is devoted to the role played by Einar Olgeirsson, the chairman of the SEI 1939–1968, who was instrumental in forging and developing political, economic, and cultural ties with the SED and the German Democratic Republic. The article argues that this experiment in transnational solidarity between socialist parties from two radically different political systems failed in the end due to several factors, including ideological differences and the political and economic development in Iceland
The struggle for western integration
Get PDFThe study deals with the military integration of Iceland into the Western Alliance, 1945-60. It focuses on several turning points in Iceland’s relations with the United States and NATO during the First Cold War: the debate over the withdrawal of U.S. troops in 1945-46; Iceland’s entry into NATO in 1949; the arrival of U.S. troops in 1951; the demand for the revocation of the U.S.-Icelandic Defence Treaty in 1956, and the stabilization in the bilateral relationship in 1959-60. It will be argued that two central theories capture the dynamics of Iceland’s relationship with the United States during this period. The national security thesis and the “Empire by Invitation” thesis. The purpose is to address four key problems.
First, the study assesses the military importance of Iceland during this period. Secondly, it explores how ideological affinity, especially anti-Communism, shaped U.S.-Icelandic cooperation. Thirdly, it attempts to detect the international and domestic sources of Iceland’s policy toward the U.S. Finally, it examines the political forces that contested U.S. influence in Iceland
Territorial nationalism and Arctic geopolitics: Iceland as an Arctic Coastal state
Get PDFThis paper explores the cultural and political significance of being acknowledged and recognized as an “Arctic coastal state”. Using Iceland as a case study, we consider how coastal state status had grown in significance as the Arctic Ocean has been re-imagined more as a polar Mediterranean and less as a frozen desert. By drawing on Michael Billig’s work on banal nationalism and popular geopolitics, the manner in which the ideas and practices associated with a “coastal state” are reproduced in elite and everyday contexts. However, we conclude by noting that thus far this appeal to Iceland as “coastal state” has gained greater traction within the Icelandic Foreign Ministry and Parliament, and it remains to be seen whether it will have a more popular resonance with Icelandic citizens. Whatever the future, it is a timely reminder that terms such as “coastal state” are caught up in national and even circumpolar identity projects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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