31 research outputs found
This is the existence of Allah according to Ismail Fenni Ertugrul
No full textYüksek Lisans Tezi"İsmail Fenni Ertuğrul’a Göre Allah’ın Varlığı" adını taşıyan bu araştırmamız
üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Her dönemde kelamcılar felsefi ve mantıki argümanlar
geliştirerek nesillere Yüce Allah’ın varlığını kavramada kolaylaştırıcı çalışmalar
yapmışlardır. Doğrudan kelamcı olmasa da Kelam ilminin temel konularından biri
olan Allah’ın varlığını ispat konusunda değerli araştırmalar yapan şahsiyetlerden
birisi de İsmail Fenni Ertuğrul’dur. Materyalist ve Pozitivist akımlara karşı
yönelttiği ciddi tenkitleri ve Allah’ın varlığı konusunda ortaya koyduğu çeşitli
görüşleri vardır.
Birinci bölümde, İsmail Fenni Ertuğrul’un hayatı, eserleri ve ilmi kişiliğini ele
aldık. Ayrıca Osmanlıdaki batı tesirindeki gelişmelerin ve kökeni Batı’ya dayanan,
ülkemizde de temsilcileri bulunan materyalist fikir akımlarına değindik.
İkinci bölümde ise, İslam Kelam’ında ve Felsefede geliştirilen isbat-ı vacip
delillerini mukayeseli bir biçimde ele alarak Allah’ın varlığını isbata çalıştık.
Üçüncü bölümde de, bazı batılı filozof ve ilim adamlarının Tanrı anlayışlarıyla
ilgili görüşlerine karşı İsmail Fenni Ertuğrul’un yaklaşımlarını kendi bakış açısıyla
tahlil ettik. İsmail Fenni, gaiyye delilini kullanmak suretiyle materyalistlerin ve
Pozitivistlerin bakış açılarına ciddi eleştiriler getirmiştir."This is the existence of Allah according to Ismail Fenni Ertugrul" is composed of
three parts. In every period, theologians developed philosophical and logical
arguments and made efforts to help generations to grasp the existence of Almighty
God. Ismail Fenni Ertugrul is one of the personalities who make valuable researches
to prove the existence of God, which is one of the basic subjects of theology, although
it is not a direct author. He has serious criticisms of the materialist and positivist
movements, and he has various views on the existence of God.
In the first chapter, we discussed the life, works and scientific personality of
İsmail Fenni Ertuğrul. In addition, we have touched on the developments in the
Ottoman influence in the Ottoman Empire and the materialist ideological ideals that
are based on the West and have representatives in our country.
In the second chapter, we tried to examine the existence of God in a comparative
way by examining the proofs of isbat-ı vacip developed in the Islamic Philosophy and
Philosophy.
In the third chapter, we analyzed the approaches of philosopher İsmail Fenni
Ertuğrul to the point of view of some Western philosophers and scholars about their
understanding of God. Ismail Fenni, using the evidence of the gaiyya, brought serious
criticism to the perspectives of materialists and positivists
Méthodes de décomposition de domaine pour la modélisation électromagnétique de la diffusion par la forêt
No full textA 3-D full-wave model, based on the integral representation of the electric field and dedicatedto the analysis of bi-static scattering mechanisms by a forest in the VHF and UHF bands wasefficiently enhanced. In order to overcome the limitation of a previous 3D model to small simulationsscenes and low frequencies, we have developed, during this research work, a new model using basis functionsadapted to the problem of interest, in the context of the Characteristic Basis Function Method(CBFM) and we investigated the suitability of this direct method for computing the electromagneticfields inside and outside three-dimensional dielectric objects representing the tree trunks and branches.The CBFM has shown great performances, when applied to the forest scattering modeling, both interms of CPU time and memory resources needed. Once properly set, the CBFM-E is so efficient thatit is able to treat in few minutes electromagnetic problems totally intractable with the classical MoM.Consequently, we have developed a powerful 3D forest electromagnetic scattering tool which allows ustoday to compute large forest electromagnetic problems in few minutes without worrying about theaccuracy of the solution. On the other hand, we have demonstrated the efficiency and accuracy of theCBFM-E when applied to 3D dielectric objects in the context of the electric volumetric integral equation,and have consolidated thus its leading position in the computational electromagnetics, especiallyagainst the iterative solvers based numerical methods.Cette thèse porte sur la modélisation et l’analyse de la propagation électromagnétique dans un milieu forestier dans les bandes VHF et UHF. L’objectif principal est le développement d’un modèle numérique "full-wave" tridimensionnel de diffusion par la forêt permettant de caractériser l’interaction d’une onde électromagnétique avec un milieu forestier. Un tel modèle s’avère, actuellement, un outil indispensable à l’analyse des mesures radar pour l’étude des paramètres caractéristiques de la forêt tels que la biomasse forestière, la hauteur des arbres et leur densité. La complexité numérique de ce modèle a limité son domaine d’application à de petites parcelles de forêt et aux basses fréquences. Pour pouvoir traiter de larges zones forestières tout en montant en fréquence, et s’approcher ainsi des besoins et exigences des utilisateurs potentiels de notre modèle, nous avons intégré à ce modèle une méthode numérique efficace dédiée à l’analyse de larges problèmes électromagnétiques. La méthode en question,connue sous le nom de Characteristic Basis Function Method (CBFM) était récemment développée dans le laboratoire de Communication et Electromagnétisme de l’université PennState dirigé par le Professeur Mittra. Après une optimisation et une adaptation au problème d’intérêt, la CBFM réalise d’excellentes performances et nous permet une diminution considérable du temps de calcul et des besoins en espace mémoire sans pour autant dégrader la qualité des résultats obtenus ou altérer la fidélité du modèle à la réalité du problème électromagnétique traité
MIDAS: A Computationally Efficient Model for Multistatic Scattering from Complex-shape Hydrometeors
No full textInternational audienc
PERCERAIAN DENGAN ALASAN EKONOMI PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID SYARIAH
No full textEconomic (livelihood) is very needed in household life if we dismantle further economic (livelihood) is not everything, but if not given a complete living could trigger a number of serious problems and can cause considerable fatal riots in married life that divorce. divorce on economic grounds occupy numbers soar element is causing the divorce for economic reasons has increased the numbers are quite significant. In this article, the author tries to reassess the divorce for economic reasons to use sharia maqashid Overview to see the light of the problems of divorce on the grounds of the econom
Comparing MoM-CBFM and DDA Approaches in Solving EM Scattering of Realistic Solid Hydrometeors at Submillimeter Wavelengths
No full textInternational audienceCubeSats with submillimeter ice-cloud radiometers are emerging as a promising low-cost approach for studying ice clouds to improve our understanding of Earth’s dynamic atmosphere and its impact on climate. Like for all microwave instruments, a crucial quantity for the physical (as opposed to empirical) quantitative retrieval of solid hydrometeors in the cloud is their single-scattering properties (SSPs). We previously applied the EM scattering solution method, MIDAS [1] (short for MoM Integral-equation Decomposition for Arbitrarily-shaped Scatterers), to calculate SSPs of arbitrarily shaped ice aggregates at select microwave frequencies, namely Ka, Ku, and W-bands. MIDAS applies a Method of Moments (MoM) with piecewise constant basis functions, followed by a domain decomposition method, namely the Characteristic Basis Function Method (CBFM). It has demonstrated a significant advantage in computational efficiency at the microwave frequencies mentioned above over the DDSCAT code based on Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA), with comparable accuracy [1]. Volume-integral MoM and DDA formulations are mathematically equivalent and offer high versatility to scatterer geometry relative to other scattering solution methods, allowing calculations of SSPs for realistic complex-shaped ice hydrometeors [2]. Computational efficiency becomes thus a deciding factor in adopting one method or the other when both methods maintain satisfactory accurac
Applicability of MIDAS with Adaptive Discretization to Melting Hydrometeors at Microwave Frequencies
No full textInternational audienceIn this work, we assess the applicability of the fast electromagnetic (EM) scattering solver, MIDAS [1], (short for MoM Integral-equation Decomposition for Arbitrarily-shaped Scatterers), by comparing its performance to a solver based on discrete dipole approximation (DDA), the famed ADDA method, in solving for the scattering properties of simulated melting hydrometeors [2]. At microwave frequencies of Ka-band (~35GHz) and below, the refractive-index contrast between liquid water and solid ice becomes increasingly large, causing significant uncertainties in ADDA solutions dependent upon its computation setup, e.g., dipole size (even while it strictly satisfies the accuracy criterion, inversely related to the refractive index, specified by the method) and the choice of dipole polarizability or interaction schemes. This challenge motivates us to test MIDAS on the same melting hydrometeors, assess the range of uncertainty in its solutions, and compare against that of the ADDA solutions. Since there is no (numericized) analytical EM solution for these complexly irregular scatterers with heterogeneous compositions, no truly accurate solution exists, against which we may assess the absolute uncertainties of MIDAS and ADDA solutions. We thus use the relative range of solution uncertainty to evaluate their applicability
Investigating the Optimal Quadrature for Recovering the Full Steradian Scattering Pattern with MIDAS
No full textInternational audienc
Efficient calculation of CBFs for the modeling of scattering by complex-shaped snow aggregates
No full textThe Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula-based algorithm is applied to enhance the computational performance of the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) when applied in a context of 3D full-wave model to the scattering by complex-geometry precipitation particles. The improvement brought by this algorithm, particularly to the compression rate achieved by the CBFM, enables us to simulate electrically larger particles while maintaining a satisfactory level of accuracy and a reasonable computational cost
Application of 3D MoM/CBFM technique to the problem of electromagnetic scattering by complex-shaped precipitation particles
No full textThe Characteristic Basis Function Method (CBFM) is applied to a 3D full-wave model, in conjunction with the volume-integral equation formulation (VIEF), in the frequency range of 1-35 GHz to calculate the electromagnetic scattering properties of complex-shaped precipitation particles in an efficient and accurate manner. Preliminary results derived by the use of the new approach are shown to be in good agreement with those obtained with the discrete dipole approximation and the Mie theory for the test example of a spherical particle
Efficient calculation of orientationally averaged scattering from complex-geometry ice particles
No full text© 2017 IEEE. A direct-solver based domain decomposition method is applied to efficiently compute orientationally averaged scattering efficiencies from complex-shaped ice pristine and aggregation. This numerically powerful method, known as the characteristic basis function method (CBFM), is based on the generation of a new set of basis function adapted to the geometry of the scatterer, in order to significantly reduce the numerical size of the EM problem. Being better adapted to multiple excitation problems, the CBFM enables us to achieve a significant reduction in CPU time in comparison to DDScat, a widely used implementation of the discrete dipole approximation (DDA), while maintaining a satisfactory level of accuracy
