1,720,982 research outputs found
Investimenti di venture capital in società di capitali e clausole di exit. Ordinamento statunitense e ordinamento italiano a confronto.
Full text linkIl mercato americano di venture capital è stato il primo a svilupparsi e rimane da allora quello largamente più sviluppato a livello internazionale, svolgendo un ruolo fondamentale per la promozione dell’innovazione e per la crescita economica del paese. Il mercato italiano degli investimenti di venture, per contro, ha ancora dimensioni assai ridotte rispetto al PIL e registra uno scarso numero di imprese ad alto contenuto tecnologico. Una delle cause di questo deficit viene individuata nella eccessiva rigidità del diritto societario italiano, spesso inidoneo ad assecondare le esigenze di imprenditori e finanziatori per via della presenza di norme e principi imperativi che restringono l’autonomia negoziale delle parti. In questo senso si pongono i limiti di validità che la dottrina e la giurisprudenza italiana hanno individuato rispetto a tre clausole con cui il venture capitalist vorrebbe assicurarsi il disinvestimento dalla società: le opzioni di put, le clausole introduttive di azioni redimibili e le clausole di drag-along.
Muovendo dallo studio del sistema americano, ove queste pattuizioni sono nate, il presente lavoro si propone di verificare: (i) se effettivamente le clausole di exit menzionate siano incompatibili con il nostro ordinamento societario; (ii) se tale eventuale incompatibilità produca un risultato efficiente nel contesto degli investimenti di venture capital.The American venture capital market was the first to flourish and is still the most widely developed at an international level, playing a key role in promoting both the innovation and the economic growth of the country. The Italian venture investment market, on the other hand, is still very limited compared to its GDP and presents a low number of high-tech companies. One of the reasons contributing to this deficit is deemed to be the excessive rigidity of the Italian company law, whose mandatory rules and principles restrict the bargaining power of the parties and often reveal to be inadequate to meet the needs of entrepreneurs and investors. These restrictions include the conditions for validity that Italian scholars and judges identify with respect to three provisions generally used by the venture capitalist to secure divestment from the company: put options, redemptions rights and drag-along clauses.
Starting from the study of the American system, where these agreements were born, the present paper aims to verify: (i) whether the mentioned exit clauses are truly incompatible with the Italian company law; and (ii) whether this possible incompatibility creates inefficiencies in the context of venture capital investments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The green chemistry of chalcones: Valuable sources of privileged core structures for drug discovery
Full text linkThe sustainable use of resources is essential in all production areas, including pharmaceuticals. However, the aspect of sustainability needs to be taken into consideration not only in the production phase, but during the whole medicinal chemistry drug discovery trajectory. The continuous progress in the fields of green chemistry and the use of artificial intelligence are contributing to the speed and effectiveness of a more sustainable drug discovery pipeline. In this light, here we review the most recent sustainable and green synthetic approaches used for the preparation and derivatization of chalcones, an important class of privileged structures and building blocks used for the preparation of new biologically active compounds with a broad spectrum of potential therapeutic applications. The literature here reported has been retrieved from the SciFinder database using the term “chalcone” as a keyword and filtering the results applying the concept: “green chemistry”, and from the Reaxys database using the keywords “chalcone” and “green”. For both databases the time-frame was 2017–2022. References were manually selected based on relevance
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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