5,691 research outputs found
Comparecencia del Prof. Pablo de Lora ante la Comissió de Medi Ambient i Habitatge del Parlament de Catalunya (4.3.2010)
No full textEn su discurso, el Sr. de Lora habla acerca de la futura prohibición de las corridas de toros como un espectáculo y felicita al Parlamento catalán por abrir la puerta a esta iniciativa. El Sr. de Lora presenta con cierto detalle la crueldad infligida a los toros, así como el alto riesgo para otros animales asociadas con el evento, como los caballos. Se trata de disipar el argumento engañoso de que su existencia actual está relacionada con la cultura y la historia y cita a un conocido defensor de las corridas de toros, Mario Vargas Llosa, que admite que está "impregnado de violencia y crueldad". También cita al filósofo inglés Thomas Hobbes, afirmando que la libertad sin restricciones da lugar a la degradación moral en la sociedad y en el caso específico de los toros en las corrida, causa un daño inaceptable. Y concluye con el argumento de que los animales deben contar con un conjunto de normas morales para protegerlos, comparando su situación con los miembros más débiles de la sociedad humana, tales como los niños con discapacidad y, a los que tratan de proteger.In his address, Mr de Lora talks about the future prohibition of bullfighting as a spectacle and congratulates the Catalan Parliament for laying the way open for this initiative. Mr de Lora lays out in some detail the cruelty inflicted on bulls as well as the high risk to other animals associated with the event such as horses. He seeks to dispel what he feels is the specious argument that its ongoing existence is linked with culture and history and quotes a well-known advocate of bullfighting, Mario Vargas Llosa, as admitting that it is "impregnated with violence and cruelty". He also quotes the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, stating that unrestricted liberty gives way to moral degradation in society and in the specific case of bulls in bullfighting, causes unacceptable harm and cruelty. He concludes by arguing that animals must benefit from a set of moral rules to protect them, comparing their plight with weaker members of human society such as the disabled and children, whom we seek to protect
[John Brown letter to Lora Case, Esq., 2 December, 1859]
No full textReproduction of letter written by John Brown to his childhood friend, Lora Case, on the day of his execution for abolitionist activities. Transcribed directly from letter. Includes notation from Lora Case at bottom of letter as documentation of authenticity and indication of provenance: "I received this letter of John Brown Dec 10th 1859. Written on the day of execution. Lora Case. Born Nov 18th 1811."Your most kind and cheering letter of the 28th Nov. is received. Such an outburst of warm hearted
sympathy not only for myself; but also for those who “have no helper” compels
me to steal a moment from those allow me’’ in which to prepare for my last
great change to send you a few words. Such a feeling as you manifest makes you
to “Shine in my estimation in the midst of this wicked; and perverse generation
as a light in the world” May you even prove yourself equal to the high estimate I
have placed on you. Pure and undefiled religion before God and the Father is” as
I understand it: an active not a dormant principle. I do not undertake to direct
any more about my children. I leave that now entirely to their excellent Mother
from whom I have just parted. I send you my salutations with my own hand.
“Remember me to all yours, my dear friends
Remote Monitoring of EPACs using LoRa Communication
No full textThis thesis presents the design and implementation of a remote monitoring system for electric bicycles, using LoRa and Controller Area Network (CAN) bus technology. The system's main objective is to enable monitoring of key parameters, namely speed, acceleration, temperature, error messages, as well as location data. To achieve this, a point-to-point connection is established between two Raspberry Pi devices in the form of a transceiver and receiver. The transceiver is equipped with sensors to collect said data and sends it to the receiver over LoRa. The collected data is sent to an MQTT server, where an external computer can access the data to present it in an application. Testing was done in the city of Halmstad using an electric bicycle provided by the university. The results showed that the system had stable data transmissions over LoRa of up to 5.8 kilometers. However, the signal proved to be significantly weaker when obstruction was in the line of sight. The conclusions indicate that integrating GPS and LoRa communication, and with a good foundation for CAN bus integration, provides an effective way of monitoring data from electric vehicles remotely. The solution lays a good foundation with its monitoring capabilities, while also leaving room for improvement for future work and applications. Detta examensarbete presenterar design och implementering av ett fjärrövervakningssystem för elcyklar med LoRa- och Controller Area Network (CAN)-teknik. Systemets huvudsakliga syfte är att möjliggöra övervakning av parametrar såsom hastighet, acceleration, temperatur, felmeddelanden samt positionsdata. För att uppnå detta har en punkt-till-punkt-anslutning mellan två Raspberry Pi-enheter skapats i form av en sändare och en mottagare. Sändaren är utrustad med sensorer för att samla in data och skickar informationen till mottagaren via LoRa. Den insamlade datan skickas därefter till en MQTT-server där en extern dator kan hämta och presentera informationen i en applikation. Testning genomfördes i Halmstad med hjälp av en elcykel tillhandahållen av Högskolan. Resultaten visade att systemet kunde överföra data stabilt via LoRa över avstånd upp till 5,8 kilometer. Dock visade sig signalen vara avsevärt svagare när det fanns hinder i siktlinjen. Slutsatserna indikerar att en integration av GPS och LoRa-kommunikation, samt en bra grund för integration av CAN-buss är en effektiv metod för att övervaka data från elfordon på distans. Lösningen utgör en bra grund med sina möjligheter till övervakning, samtidigt som den lämnar utrymme för förbättringar och vidareutveckling i framtida tillämpningar.
SDR-LoRa: Dissecting and Implementing LoRa on Software-Defined Radios to Advance Experimental IoT Research
No full textIn this paper, we present SDR-LoRa, a full-fledged SDR implementation of a LoRa transmitter and receiver. First, we reverse-engineer the LoRa physical layer (PHY) functionalities, including the procedures of packet modulation, demodulation, and preamble detection. Based on this analysis, we develop the first Software Defined Radio (SDR) implementation of the LoRa PHY. Furthermore, we integrate LoRa with an Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) error detection protocol. SDR-LoRa has been validated on (i) the Colosseum wireless channel emulator; and (ii) a real testbed with USRP radios and commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) devices. Our experimental results demonstrate that the performance of SDR-LoRa is in line with commercial LoRa systems. We pledge to share the entirety of the SDR-LoRa code
Realization of a soft-sensor based on LoRa technology for localization in open field
No full textopendopo una breve introduzione sulla tecnologia utilizzata, lo scopo di questo elaborato consiste nello sviluppo di un soft-sensor per il tracciamo di persone in campo aperto grazie all'utilizzo della tecnologia LoRa. In Particolare si analizzerà il parametro RSSI di questa tecnologia per identificare la posizione di una persona lungo un tracciato prestabilito. A tale scopo si utilizzeranno i dati presi precedentemente nei quali è stato mappato un percorso rurale e ricorrendo al software MATLAB si svilupperà il sensore.
saranno successivamente analizzati i risultati sulla fattibilità ed efficienza del sensore
What Makes Reforms Likely? Timing and Sequencing of Structural Reforms in Latin America
No full textThe wave of structural reforms in Latin America and elsewhere has stimulated the development of a wide body of theoretical literature on the political economy of reform, i. e. , the study of the political constraints that condition the timing, speed and sequencing of reforms. This paper tests some of the hypotheses associated with these theoretical models, using a set of structural reform indicators for approximately twenty Latin American countries for the period 1985-1995. Although there is strong support for some hypotheses, recent reforms in Latin America cannot be adequately explained without either better theories or better data.
Eines per l'estudi de tecnologies i dispositius LoRa
No full textEn aquest treball de final de grau s’estudiaran aspectes sobre les tecnologies i sistemes de comunicacions que utilitzen o incorporen la tecnologia de modulació i comunicació «LoRa» a diferents nivells.
També es treballarà amb solucions per a la interconnexió de dispositius per aplicacions d’Internet de les Coses.
Com a part pràctica, es farà ús de les eines per a la connexió a Internet de dispositius com la tecnologia «LoRaWAN» o la xarxa «The Things Network». D’igual manera, es realitzaran experiments per veure alguns aspectes físics de la modulació i comunicació LoRa.
Aquest treball servirà per a utilitzar la seva informació i parts implementades per aplicacions que puguin utilitzar aquestes tecnologies.This final degree project some aspects of communications technologies and systems that use or incorporate LoRa modulation and communication technology will be studied at different levels.
It will also work with some interconnection for devices and Internet of Things solutions.
As a practical part, It will use some tools for the connection of devices to Internet. Such as LoRaWAN technology or the « The Things Network ». Furthermore, There will be some experiments to study some physical aspects and caracterisitics of LoRa modulation and communication.
This project will use its information and implemented parts to be used in applications that use these technologies
Eines per l'estudi de tecnologies i dispositius LoRa
No full textEn aquest treball de final de grau s’estudiaran aspectes sobre les tecnologies i sistemes de comunicacions que utilitzen o incorporen la tecnologia de modulació i comunicació «LoRa» a diferents nivells.
També es treballarà amb solucions per a la interconnexió de dispositius per aplicacions d’Internet de les Coses.
Com a part pràctica, es farà ús de les eines per a la connexió a Internet de dispositius com la tecnologia «LoRaWAN» o la xarxa «The Things Network». D’igual manera, es realitzaran experiments per veure alguns aspectes físics de la modulació i comunicació LoRa.
Aquest treball servirà per a utilitzar la seva informació i parts implementades per aplicacions que puguin utilitzar aquestes tecnologies.This final degree project some aspects of communications technologies and systems that use or incorporate LoRa modulation and communication technology will be studied at different levels.
It will also work with some interconnection for devices and Internet of Things solutions.
As a practical part, It will use some tools for the connection of devices to Internet. Such as LoRaWAN technology or the « The Things Network ». Furthermore, There will be some experiments to study some physical aspects and caracterisitics of LoRa modulation and communication.
This project will use its information and implemented parts to be used in applications that use these technologies
Energy Efficient Data Recovery from Corrupted LoRa Frames
No full textHigh frame-corruption is widely observed in Long Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWAN) due to the coexistence with other networks in ISM bands and an Aloha-like MAC layer. LoRa's Forward Error Correction (FEC) mechanism is often insufficient to retrieve corrupted data. In fact, real-life measurements show that at least one-fourth of received transmissions are corrupted. When more frames are dropped, LoRa nodes usually switch over to higher spreading factors (SF), thus increasing transmission times and increasing the required energy. This paper introduces ReDCoS, a novel coding technique at the application layer that improves recovery of corrupted LoRa frames, thus reducing the overall transmission time and energy invested by LoRa nodes by several-fold. ReDCoS utilizes lightweight coding techniques to pre-encode the transmitted data. Therefore, the inbuilt Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) that follows is computed based on an already encoded data. At the receiver, we use both the CRC and the coded data to recover data from a corrupted frame beyond the built-in Error Correcting Code (ECC). We compare the performance of ReDCoS to (i) the standard FEC of vanilla-LoRaWAN, and to (ii) Reed Solomon (RS) coding applied as ECC to the data of LoRaWAN. The results indicated a 54x and 13.5x improvement of decoding ratio, respectively, when 20 data symbols were sent. Furthermore, we evaluated ReDCoS on-field using LoRa SX1261 transceivers showing that it outperformed RS-coding by factor of at least 2x (and up to 6x) in terms of the decoding ratio while consuming 38.5% less energy per correctly received transmission.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Embedded System
Energy consumption when transferring data with LoRa
No full textDet här projektet syftar till att undersöka den energiförbrukning som krävs för att driva en krets som använder LoRa till trådlös kommunikation. Energiåtgången beräknas med hänsyn till de oberoende variablerna datamängd vid överföring samt antalet överföringar per dygn. Studien syftar till att undersöka vilken av de parametrarna som påverkar energiförbrukningen mest och vad det energieffektivaste förhållandet mellan dem är. En mätutrustning togs fram genom kodning och inkapsling av ett utvecklingskort (NUCLEO-L037RZ) med ett tillhörande expansionskort för kommunikation över LoRa-nätverket (SX1272MB2DAS LoRa RF). Ett kodbibliotek laddades ner till kortet och modifierades för genomförandet av studien. I studien utfördes ett experiment för att ta fram tidsåtgången vid olika fall av dataöverföring. De beräknade värdena användes sedan för beräkning av energiåtgången i de olika fallen, genom teoretiska formler. Resultatet visar att energiförbrukningen ökar mer med antal överföringar per dygn än en ökad datamängd per överföring. Resultatet av den här studien skulle kunna användas som kompletterande vägledning vid beslutsfattande av hur data ska överföras då LoRa används som kommunikationsmedel. Studien undersökte enbart energiförbrukningen på utvecklingskortet NUCLEO-L037RZ med expansionskortet SX1272MB2DAS LoRa RF. Trots det borde resultatet vara applicerbart för andra LoRa-produkter.This project aims to research the energy consumption required to run a circuit using LoRa for wireless communication. The energy consumption is calculated by taking the independent variables for the data set, and the number of transmissions per day into account. The study aims to research which one of these parameters affects the energy consumption the most and what the most energy efficient ratio between them are. A measuring device was developed by programming a development board and installing it in a chassis. The development board (NUCLEO-L037R) has an attachable expansion board for LoRa-communication (SX1272MB2DAS LoRa RF). A code library was downloaded in order to run the board and then modified to suit the research. In the study, one experiment was performed in order to obtain the time required for a transmission, depending on the size of the data sets. The calculated time intervals were then used in a physical formula, to calculate the theoretical energy consumption for each case. The results show that increasing the number of transmissions per day requires more energy than increasing the size of the data set. The results of this study could be used as a complementary guide for making decisions regarding how data is going to be transmitted using LoRa as a means of communication. The study only investigated the energy consumption on the development board NUCLEO-L037RZ including the expansion board SX1272MB2DAS LoRa RF. Even so, the result should be applicable on other LoRa products as well.
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