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Studi perkembangan gejala klinis dan patologi pada ikan Kerapu Macan (Epinephelus fuscogutattus) yang diinfeksi dengan Streptococcus iniae
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Upaya menurunkan lemak penyebab off-flavor pada daging itik melalui pemberian tepung daun beluntas (pluchea indica l. Less) dalam pakan
Get PDFItik lokal pada saat ini pemanfaatannya 1lebih banyak sebagai penghasil telur. Pemanfaatannya sebagai penghasil daging sangat terbatas. Salah satu sebabnya adalah karena dagingnya bau amis (off-flavor). Untuk meningkatkan pangsa pasar daging itik, maka perlu diupayakan mengurangi bau amis (off flavor) daging tersebut yang menurut Hustiany (2001) sebagian besar adalah hasil proses oksidasi lipid. Beluntas (Pluchea indica L. Less) merupakan salah satu herba yang mengandung antioksidan (flavonoid, vitamin C dan beta-karoten). Pada manusia sering digunakan sebagai ramuan penghilang bau badan. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini akan dicoba apakah beluntas dapat mengurangi off-flavor pada daging itik. Beluntas yang digunakan dalam bentuk kering yang dicampurkan ke dalam pakan. Pada penelitian ini akan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial 3 x 3, dengan 3 ulangan dan setiap ulangan 4 ekor itik. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian tepung daun beluntas dalam pakan yang terdiri atas 3 taraf yaitu 0, 1 dan 2%. Faktor kedua yaitu lamanya pemberian tepung daun beluntas selama 3, 5 dan 7 minggu. Peubah yang diamati adalah penampilan itik, komposisi gizi daging itik (protein dan lemak), komposisi lemak jenuh dan tidak jenuh (tinggal, ganda), nilai TBARS dan sensori daging itik. Data penampilan itik dianalisis ragamnya (ANOVA) berdasarkan Steel dan Tome (1995), sedangkan data lainnya dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan makin lama pemberian beluntas, pertambahan bobot badan dan lemak abdomen makin meningkat. Makin tinggi pemberian level beluntas, ada indikasi penurunan bobot badan, tetapi secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata. Makin lama pemberian beluntas, kandungan lemak daging itik berkulit makin tinggi, sedangkan kandungan proteinnya meningkat kemudian menurun. Kandungan protein dan lemak daging itik berkulit yang mendapat beluntas lebih tinggi dari kontrol. Kandungan lemak dan protein daging itik yang diberi beluntas 2% paling tinggi, diikuti dengan yang diberi beluntas 1% dan kontrol. Asam lemak tidak jenuh daging itik berkulit semakin meningkat dengan makin lamanya pemberian beluntas. Kandungan asam lemak tidak jenuh daging itik berkulit yang diberi beluntas 2% paling tinggi, diikuti yang 1% dan kontrol. Nilai TBARS daging itik berkulit makin tinggi dengan makin lamanya pemberian beluntas. Nilai TBARS yang mendapat beluntas 2% paling rendah, diikuti yang mendapat beluntas 1 dan kontrol. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa beluntas dapat melindungi asam lemak tidak jenuh. Hasil ini didukung oleh hasil sensorinya yang terlihat bahwa bau amis (off-flavor) daging itik berkulit makin berkurang dengan makin tingginya level pemberian beluntas
The macroscopic and microscopic patology changes on broiler infected with local reovirus isolate
Get PDFLocal reovirus isolate is the virus which could be isolated from runting and stunting syndrome. The ability of local reovirus isolate to induce runting and stunting syndrome in broilers chicken was investigated. The day old chicks (doc) were infected with local reovirus isolate assessed clinically and pathologically at 1, 2 and 3 weeks post inoculation. A total of 40 DOC were divided into two groups. The first group (20 doc) was orally infected with ± 2 x 103 local reovirus isolate particle and the other used as negative control group. The results showed that the isolate caused wet droppings, stunting, enteritis, pancreatitis, malabsorbtion, bursal atrophy and spleenic hypertrophy, which similar to runting and stunting syndrome (RSS) disease in chicken. The body weight was reduced to 14.7% on the inoculated group at 4 weeks post inoculation. Key Words: Broiler, Local Reovirus Isolate, Runting and Stunting, Malabsorptio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Gongylonema ingluvicola ransum, 1904 pada ayam buras di Medan Sumatera Utara
Get PDFDari 96 ekor sampel ayam buras yang diperoleh dari Kotamadya Medan dan sekitarnya untuk keperluan survai cacing parasitik ditemukan 42 ekor (43,75%) diantaranya mengandung cacing Gongylonema ingluvicola di dalam temboloknya. Cacing ini ditemukan pada sampel ayam buras dari semua lokasi yang disurvai dengan rataan derajat infeksi 14 ekor cacing per ayam. Cacing ini membentuk rangkaian lipatan-lipatan pada mukosa yang agak teratur dan seragam, berupa terowongan yang melingkar-lingkar dan mengakibatkan penebalan mukosa tembolok ke arah lumen. Panjang cacing jantan antara 16 - 21 mm dengan rataan 19 mm dan diameter 225 - 255 µm; panjang cacing betina antara 31 - 54 mm dengan rataan 4 1,6 mm dan diameter 3 15 - 345 µm. Cacing jantan mempmyai ale (pelebaran kutikula ke arah lateral serupa sayap) pada sisi kiri dan kanan yang tidak simetris. Ale kiri disokong oleh 7 buah papila (tonjolan kutikula berbentuk duri) sedangkan ale kanan disokong oleh buah 5 papila. Pada cacing betina, vulvanya terletak di bagian posterior tubuh.
Hemorrhagic Septicaemia In Alabio Ducks Infected With Pasteurella Multocida By Various Routes
Get PDFA hundred heads of five weeks old Alabio ducks were divided into four groups based on route of infection, i.e.: intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.), intratracheal (i.t.) and uninfected control (K). The treatment group were infected by Pasteurella multocida that isolated from duck with dose of 2xld cfu d-'The. du cks were necropsied at one, three, six, 12 and 24 hours after infection (p.i.). Ducks of i.v. given group experienced hemorrhagic septicemia one hour p.i., whereas those of i.m. and i.t. groups showed the same alterations at three hours p.i. The more observation time, the more severity was the alterations process inall groups. No alteration was found in control group. Key words: Pasteurella multocida, hemorrhagic septicaemia Alabio ducks, route of infectio
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