17 research outputs found
What\u27s in a Genre?: The Relationship Between Reader and Text
No full textThe way in which literary genres are understood shapes how one reads and interacts with different texts. Genre expectations affect both how individuals choose texts to read, and then how those texts are understood. Therefore, labeling literature as a certain genre affects the relationship between writer and reader. Literary nonfiction is unlike most genres as it promises a certain truth to its readers. One cannot deviate too far from “the truth” in nonfiction writing and still fulfill the genre; the relationship a reader has with a text changes if it is not considered “true enough.” Author James Frey, who marketed a fictionalized story as a nonfiction memoir, has received backlash because readers felt lied to after reading a “mislabeled” text. In cases like this, the connection between reader and writer, as well as reader and text is lost. This is because texts can only be understood in the context, or genre, in which they are placed. James Frey’s memoir can no longer be judged upon a genre standard since it cannot claim the truth that nonfiction promises. If this memoir was marketed as fiction instead, all could have been alleviated as his text would have been judged upon a different set of standards. Fiction is most commonly understood as being imaginary, so it is perceived accordingly. Within the fiction genre, there are subcategories like romance, horror, and science fiction. All of these subcategories have their own sets of rules that must be followed in order to stay true to the genre. Some writers like Diana Gabaldon, author of the popular Outlander series, feel as though their works cannot be defined by a certain genre as they do not follow any standard genre conventions. Publishers then must decide how to market a text to make it as successful as possible. However, this marketing may not always align with reader expectations for that genre. Therefore, genre labels impact how one understands and reads literature as a whole. In this project, I aim to push the boundaries of the body of literature. I have compiled information gleaned from both outside sources as well as my own personal research of reading books with ambiguous genres. With this information, I have created a research paper, written a short story, and revised older short stories based on my new-found knowledge of mixed-genre literature
“Dokument”, “We Have One Heart”, “Papa”: Lost Fathers, Documentary, Animation and Autobiography
No full textTematem artykułu są trzy krótkometrażowe filmy z pogranicza dokumentu i animacji, zrealizowane przez twórców młodego pokolenia: Dokument Marcina Podolca (2015), We Have One Heart Katarzyny Warzechy (2020) i Papa Maryi Yakimovich (2020). Opowiadają one historie złożonych relacji między dzieckiem a ojcem. Autorka powołuje się na opracowania Anabelle Honess Roe oraz polskie próby konceptualizacji dokumentu animowanego, proponuje też definicję formuły nawiązującą m.in. do kategorii paktu referencjalnego Philippe’a Lejeune’a. Autorka przeprowadza formalistyczną analizę filmów, badając zbieżności między nimi. W nawiązaniu do uwag Katarzyny Mąki-Malatyńskiej i Michała Piepiórki na temat znaczeń materiałów faktualnych w dokumentach animowanych, przygląda się sposobom użycia rodzinnych pamiątek w analizowanych utworach; następnie omawia wykorzystanie w nich konwencji autobiograficznych. Siła oddziaływania tych filmów wynika z połączenia konwencji dokumentalnych, perspektywy subiektywnej i kreacyjnych rozwiązań formalnych.The article discusses three short films created on the border of documentary and animation by filmmakers of the young generation, telling the stories of complicated child-father relationships: Dokument (A Documentary Film, 2015) by Marcin Podolec, We Have One Heart by Katarzyna Warzecha (2020) and Papa by Maryia Yakimovich (2020). In her considerations of the animated documentary, the author refers to Anabelle Honess Roe’s work, as well as to Polish studies on this film form. Taking into account the arguments of Polish researchers, the author proposes a definition drawing, i.a., on Philippe Lejeune’s category of the referential pact. The author conducts a formalistic analysis of the films, examining the similarities between them. In the first part, in reference to the remarks of Katarzyna Mąka-Malatyńska and Michał Piepiórka on the meaning of factual materials in animated documentaries, she examines the use of family mementos in the analysed works. Then she discusses the use of autobiographical conventions. The impact of these productions results from the fruitful combination of documentary conventions, a subjective perspective, and creative formal solutions
Avaliação de risco ambiental utilizando parâmetros físico-químicos e biológicos no Rio Canoas/SC
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia AmbientalEste trabalho teve a finalidade de avaliar a qualidade do efluente da Indústria Klabin, Correia Pinto, SC e a água do Rio Canoas, local de despejo do efluente, utilizando parâmetros físico-químicos e biológicos. Foram definidos três sítios principais a serem monitorados; montante, despejo e sítio B, além destes, outros pontos de coleta de amostras foram definidos. A coleta das amostras de água foi realizada em diferentes períodos entre janeiro de 2003 e março de 2004. Os objetivos específicos das análises foram: 1) avaliar, através de métodos de exposição in vivo, a indução de toxicidade aguda e crônica das diferentes amostras de água, usando três bioindicadores de diferentes níveis tróficos (Vibrio fischeri - bactéria bioluminescente; Daphnia magna - microcrustáceo; Scenedesmus subspicatus - alga); 2) verificar a ocorrência das comunidades fitoplanctônicas presentes no rio Canoas. Os parâmetros sulfeto, fósforo e principalmente o fenol mostraram-se todos acima dos valores estabelecidos pela Resolução 20/86 do CONAMA. A variação nas concentrações do fenol-AAP e fenol-folin ao longo dos sítios no rio Canoas evidenciou que sua origem é a emissão do efluente no corpo d´água. A concentração de sódio teve o mesmo perfil de variação com os valores medidos de condutividade. A qualidade da água no sítio B é determinada pelo lançamento do efluente. Quanto à análise de toxicidade aguda para Víbrio fischeri e Daphnia magna os resultados não demonstraram toxicidade para as amostras de água do rio. Pôde-se observar a falta de diversidade de espécies de microalgas encontradas no ponto de despejo do efluente e um número reduzido de indivíduos. As microalgas mais abundantes foram as cianobactérias filamentosas, as quais apresentaram cerca de 22200 indivíduos no sítio B. A Melosira varians foi a espécie que apresentou maior densidade dentro do grupo das diatomáceas. Neste estudo, ela mostrou-se presente nos três principais sítios estudados, com menor densidade no sítio de despejo do efluente. Nenhum fator físico-químico correlacionou isoladamente com a taxa de crescimento algal, embora a concentração de fenóis totais medidos pelo método Folin apresente uma correlação negativa com esta. Os pontos que apresentaram maior concentração apresentaram também a menor taxa de crescimento. O ponto de despejo do efluente é o que demonstrou estar sob maior impacto da atividade industrial, evidenciado pela concentração elevada da maioria dos parâmetros físico-químicos, pelo menor número e diversidade de espécies planctônicas e a menor taxa de crescimento algal para Scenedesmus subspicatus
Material and Technical Analysis of La Inmaculada by Francisco Pacheco
No full textFrancisco Pacheco (1564–1644) was one of the most important Spanish painters, the author of the famous treatise Art of Painting, and a founder of Seville art school. His painting La Inmaculada (1610) forms part of the important art collection in the Archbishop’s Palace in Seville and represents the first realization of a new iconography, established by Pacheco. Later, he carried out several paintings with the same subject which are today in different collections. As part of a larger project, La Inmaculada was recently restored and analysed. The characterization of materials and painting procedures was carried out applying noninvasive in situ analysis by ultraviolet fluorescence (UVF), infrared reflectography (IRR), and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). Results revealed many retouches, probably from different periods, as well as some pentimenti in the composition. Chemical analysis indicates a preparation made of Seville clay, lead white and some calcite on an animal glue layer, according to Pacheco’s own treatise, and a corresponding pigment palette for the 17th century: lead white, yellow and red earths, lead–tin yellow, vermilion, azurite, smalt, a copper-based green, umber, and bone black. Furthermore, modern pigments such as titanium and zinc whites, chrome green, and cadmium yellow were also identified as results of later interventions
Misterios de la Kabala de Marc-Alain Ouaknin
No full textLicenciatura en traducción (francés-español)La presentación de este trabajo está basada en la reflexión teórica derivada de la traducción del libro Mysteres de la Kabbale, cuyo autor es Marc-Alain Ouaknin. El texto fue traducido y analizado para optar por el grado de Licenciatura en traducción francés-español. El trabajo está dirigido al medio latinoamericano, a un público con interés en el aprendizaje del cristianismo mesiánico, por lo que sin lugar a dudas se adaptó a la realidad cultural a la que va dirigido, la cual es muy distinta a la europea y a la del medio oriente; con características propias, con historias muy diferentes. Como el castellano impone adecuaciones léxicas y semánticas necesarias para la aclaración del mensaje, se aborda la traducción en sus diferentes dimensiones: como proceso cognitivo e interpretativo vinculado a un sujeto traductor; como actividad compleja de comunicación, gobernada por principios comunicativos, pragmáticos y semióticos; y como actividad discursiva que se realiza entre textos y no entre lenguas, y que descansa en la interacción existente entre las manifestaciones discursivas. Las formas son exteriores al proceso de traducción, trasciende el lenguaje; sin embargo, se parte de la lengua para captar la idea que el autor desea transmitir, sin apoyarse en ella. En medio de este proceso de comunicación, el traductor asume el rol de mediador entre interlocutores que no pueden establecer contacto directamente, actuando, de tal forma, como un puente conector entre el productor del texto original y sus receptores en la lengua meta. El traductor mediaría entre una producción textual en una lengua original dada y la producción textual que realizaría él mismo en una lengua meta, a partir de un proceso de interpretación y de reconstrucción del sentido del texto fuente. Sus conocimientos cognitivos del contexto situacional, de las referencias comunes a todos los participantes (autor del texto, los receptores de ambos textos original y terminal) y de los factores intra y extratextuales de ambos textos, le permiten cumplir a cabalidad con sus funciones. Si bien es cierto que el traductor está sujeto a una ética, según la cual ha de procurar captar y ser fiel al propósito retórico general y a los valores discursivos desplegados en el texto original, no lo puede hacer a costa de su propia negación sino a través de la búsqueda de un equilibrio entre las diferentes dimensiones (socioculturales, históricas, ideológicas, entre otras) o áreas implicadas. En este orden de ideas, una traducción refleja un proceso de exégesis porque ofrece la posibilidad de abstraer la lectura del traductor, sin que sea lícito hablar de contaminación alguna; partamos que no hay un sentido único, reconociendo que ni los lectores, ni el traductor, ni el autor lo concebirán de igual manera. En la traducción del libro Misterios de la Kabala la traductora en su actividad traslaticia utiliza no solo las lenguas sino los elementos cognitivos para encontrar el sema del enunciado, las significaciones ocultas que sobrepasan las palabras, restituyendo en la lengua materna la idea que está en el párrafo, desverbalizando esa idea, volviendo al texto original para restituir un segmento por el traducido, los compara, afirma, rectifica y corrige. En esa actividad traslaticia desea encontrar el sentido de los términos inminentes a esta ciencia y que no corresponde a lo que designan el concepto de las palabras sino a la significación lingüística.The presentation of this work is based on the theoretical reflection derived from the translation of the book Mysteres de la Kabbale, whose author is Marc-Alain Ouaknin. The text was translated and analysed in order to obtain a degree in French-Spanish translation. The work is aimed at Latin America, at a public interested in learning about Messianic Christianity, so it was undoubtedly adapted to the cultural reality to which it is addressed, which is very different from that of Europe and the Middle East, with its own characteristics and very different histories. As Spanish imposes lexical and semantic adaptations necessary for the clarification of the message, translation is approached in its different dimensions: as a cognitive and interpretative process linked to a translating subject; as a complex communication activity, governed by communicative, pragmatic and semiotic principles; and as a discursive activity that takes place between texts and not between languages, and which rests on the interaction existing between discursive manifestations. The forms are external to the translation process, it transcends language; however, it is based on language in order to capture the idea that the author wishes to convey, without relying on it. In the midst of this communication process, the translator assumes the role of mediator between interlocutors who cannot establish direct contact, thus acting as a connecting bridge between the producer of the original text and its recipients in the target language. The translator mediates between a textual production in a given source language and the textual production he or she would produce in a target language, based on a process of interpretation and reconstruction of the meaning of the source text. His cognitive knowledge of the situational context, of the references common to all participants (the author of the text, the recipients of both source and target texts) and of the intra- and extra-textual factors of both texts, enables him to fulfil his functions fully. While it is true that the translator is subject to an ethic, according to which he or she has to try to capture and be faithful to the general rhetorical purpose and discursive values deployed in the original text, he or she cannot do so at the cost of his or her own negation but through the the search for a balance between the different dimensions (socio-cultural, historical, ideological, etc.) or areas involved. In this sense, a translation reflects a process of exegesis because it offers the possibility of abstracting the translator's reading, without it being licit to speak of any contamination; we start from the fact that there is no single meaning, recognizing that neither the readers, nor the translator, nor the author will conceive it in the same way. In the translation of the book Mysteries of the Kabala, the translator in her translating activity uses not only the languages but also the cognitive elements to find the meaning of the statement, the hidden meanings that go beyond the words, restoring in the mother tongue the idea that is in the paragraph, deverbalising that idea, returning to the original text to restore a segment for the translated one, comparing them, affirming, rectifying and correcting them. In this translating activity, he wishes to find the meaning of the terms that are imminent to this science and that do not correspond to what the concept of the words designate but to the linguistic meaning.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaEscuela de Literatura y Ciencias del Lenguaj
Animated Documentary / Documentary Animation – Extending the Borders of Factual Narrations
No full textWydział Filologii Polskiej i KlasycznejW rozprawie doktorskiej "Dokument animowany / animacja dokumentalna – poszerzanie granic filmowych narracji niefikcjonalnych" podjęta została próba weryfikacji dotychczasowych definicji dokumentu animowanego (m. in. autorstwa Anabelle Honess Roe). Ponadgatunkowa formuła o rosnącej popularności, powstała na styku pozornie przeciwstawnych odmian twórczości filmowej, omówiona jest w odniesieniu do siatki terminologicznej genologii filmowej oraz usytuowana w kontekście tendencji dostrzegalnych we współczesnym kinie. Autorka zestawia dokument animowany z definicjami dokumentalistyki, a także bada go pod kątem oczekiwanej od filmów faktów indeksalności obrazu i dźwięku, rozważając m.in. rolę fotografii czy wyznań bohaterów w przykładowych filmach polskich i zagranicznych. Rozprawa uwzględnia zagadnienia związane z porzerzaniem granic filmowych narracji faktualnych za sprawą kreacyjności animacji, a temat ten zostaje rozpatrzony w odwołaniu do tradycji sztuki ożywiania obrazu, a zatem, przede wszystkim do animacji awangardowej, a także utworów przeznaczonych dla dzieci. Rozprawę wieńczy próba zbudowania własnej definicji w oparciu o koncepcję paktu referencjalnego.The dissertation is an attempt to verify the existing definitions and concepts of animated documentary (f. ex. those proposed by Anabelle Honess Roe). The increasingly popular above-genre formula, which arose on the boarders of seemingly contradictory kinds of cinema, is discussed here in the context of film genology and located among trends noticeable in the contemporary cinema. The author collates the examined form with the definitions of documentary and analyses it in terms of visual and audial indexicality (considering f. ex. photographs’ and testimonies’ function in the chosen polish and foreign productions). The dissertation includes issues related to the ways of extending the boarders of factual narrations due to the creative potential of animation. This subject is reflected in reference to the tradition of animation – mainly avant-garde animation, as well as films intended for children
Perspectives sur l'approche de codesign : analyse de l'expérience des participants dans un projet de codesign en cybersanté
No full textCette thèse vise à documenter l'approche de codesign en cybersanté par le biais de l'expérience des personnes participant à la démarche. Dans une démarche de codesign, les personnes étant concernées par le produit ou service conçu collaborent à la construction des connaissances et à la conception. Ils agissent à titre d'experts de leur expérience avec le produit ou service. Leur engagement et leur contribution sont essentiels à la réussite de la démarche, d'où l'importance de s'intéresser à leur expérience dans ce type d'approche. L'expérience est ici considérée au sens de Dewey (1980) : l'expérience est celle qui apparait significative pour l'acteur, se distinguant de ce qui est vécu en général. Nous avons, par ailleurs, mobilisé le cadre sémiologique du cours d'action (Theureau, 2004, 2006, 2015) en faisant participer l'acteur à la description de son expérience, afin de recueillir une description intrinsèque de ce qui a été significatif de son expérience. La démarche documentée est celle d'un projet de recherche en codesign visant à concevoir un outil numérique pour faciliter la recherche d'aide des proches aidants d'ainés en perte d'autonomie. L'auteure faisait partie de l'équipe de recherche à titre de designer et de professionnelle de recherche. Le projet s'est déployé en huit séances de codesign et trois séances d'un comité aviseur dans onze régions administratives du Québec de mai 2017 à mai 2018 (13 mois). Au total, 74 personnes ont participé à la démarche de codesign, incluant des proches aidants, des professionnels de la santé et des services sociaux (PSSS) ainsi que des membres d'organismes communautaires œuvrant auprès des proches aidants. Les participants étaient considérés dans ce projet comme codesigners, au même titre que les membres de l'équipe de recherche (incluant l'auteure). Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous avons documenté le cours d'action de 20 personnes, dont neuf proches aidants, quatre PSSS et sept membres d'organismes communautaires. Nous avons effectué une analyse thématique émergente du cours d'action des participants pour l'ensemble de la démarche. Cette analyse a permis d'identifier cinq thématiques de ce qui a été significatif dans leur expérience : Interactions contrariantes avec les autres, Déstabilisation, Apprentissage mutuel, Obtenir des bénéfices personnels et Contraintes et effets extrinsèques de la situation, cette dernière étant la thématique la plus mentionnée dans les descriptions des participants. Nous avons également effectué une analyse thématique émergente sur une composante cognitive spécifique du cours d'action -- l'engagement (préoccupations de l'acteur à un moment précis en fonction de l'élément qui est considéré de la situation) -- de tous les participants pour l'ensemble de la démarche. Trois grands axes thématiques ont été identifiés : Engagements orientés vers ses besoins (personnels et professionnels), Engagements relatifs à la situation, et Design de l'outil, cet axe ayant une importance relative moins élevée que les deux autres, surtout pour les membres d'organismes communautaires. Enfin, nous avons exploré empiriquement les plus récents travaux de Theureau (2015) qui raffinent certaines composantes cognitives -- l'unité (ce que dit, fait ou pense l'acteur à un moment précis), le représentamen (l'élément de la situation qui est considéré à ce moment) et l'interprétant (l'appropriation par l'acteur de ce moment) -- en sous-composantes pour trois participants, un de chaque catégorie. Cette analyse a fait ressortir des enchainements dans le cours d'action des participants permettant de comprendre finement leur expérience. Les résultats soulignent notamment que ces trois participants ont été mobilisés par la réinterprétation des éléments qu'ils croyaient partagés au sein de cette communauté dédiée à la proche aidance. Leur participation a été davantage axée sur la problématique du service aux proches aidants que sur le design de l'outil. Dans l'ensemble, les résultats suggèrent que le design de l'outil de cybersanté n'est pas ce qui ressort comme étant le plus significatif de l'expérience de l'ensemble des participants. L'importance des engagements relatifs à la situation, rassemblant les contraintes extrinsèques de la situation, les moments de déstabilisation ou d'apprentissage mutuel et les interactions contrariantes entre les participants est ce qui ressort de leur expérience. Nous suggérons que pour optimiser les démarches de codesign, nous devrions offrir une expérience satisfaisante aux participants; après tout, ils sont essentiels à la démarche. Nous avons besoin d'eux. Nous proposons ici une réflexion sur les perspectives pour poursuivre le travail de recherche visant à optimiser la démarche de codesign et offrir une expérience satisfaisante aux participants. Certaines pistes peuvent sembler évidentes ou sont mentionnées ailleurs dans la littérature. Elles se distinguent ici par le fait qu'elles sont inspirées de ce qui a été perçu comme significatif dans l'expérience des participants, témoignant de leur importance pour eux. Enfin, nous portons un regard réflexif et critique sur l'implication de l'auteure dans la démarche et sur rôle du designer, rejoignant les perspectives de Manzini (2015) : le designer comme facilitateur pour permettre aux codesigners d'être en mesure de contribuer de manière significative à la démarche et d'apprécier leur expérience, et le designer comme créateur d'une expérience satisfaisante pour les participants en codesign.This thesis documents a codesign approach to cyberhealth by looking at the experiences of participants. In a codesign approach, those who have an interest in the product or service being designed collaborate in knowledge building and in designing the product or service. They are seen as experts of their own experience with the product or service. Their involvement and contribution are key to the success of the strategy, which is why it is important to take their experience into account in this type of approach. The meaning of "experience," in this case, is taken from Dewey (1980): experience is that which the subject considers significant, as distinct from what is generally observable. We also applied the course-of-action semiological framework (Theureau 2004, 2006, 2015) by having the subject participate in the description of their experience, thus providing an intrinsic description of what was significant. The codesign research project documented here aimed to design a digital tool to facilitate the search for caregiver help for elderly people who can no longer function independently. The author was part of the research team as a designer and professional researcher. The project consisted of eight codesign sessions and three advisor committee sessions in eleven administrative regions in Quebec from May 2017 to May 2018 (13 months). A total of 74 individuals participated in the codesign, from three categories: caregivers, health-care and social services professionals, and members of community organizations who work with caregivers. Participants in the project were considered codesigners, on the same level as members of the research team (including the author). As part of this thesis, we documented the course-of-action of 20 individuals, including nine caregivers, four health-care and social services professionals and seven members of community organizations. We undertook an emergent thematic analysis of the participants' course-of-action for the project as a whole. The items participants found significant in their experience were grouped into five themes: Adverse interactions with others, Destabilization, Mutual learning, Deriving personal benefit, and Constraints and extrinsic effects of the situation, the last one being the most frequently mentioned in the participants' descriptions. We also applied an emergent thematic analysis to a specific cognitive component of the course-of-action--engagement (the participant's concerns at a specific point in time as a function of the situational element being considered)--of all participants for the project overall. Three overarching themes were identified: Engagement oriented towards one's needs (personal and professional), Engagement relative to the situation, and Tool design, the last one having relatively less importance than the other two, particularly for members of community organizations. Finally, we empirically explored the most recent works of Theureau (2015), which refine some cognitive components--the unit (what the subject says, does or thinks at a specific point in time), the representamen (the element of the situation that is being considered at that moment) and the interpretant (the appropriation by the subject of that moment)--into subcomponents, for three participants, one from each category. This analysis revealed links in the participants' course-of-action that helped to understand their experience in detail. The results highlight, in particular, that these three participants were mobilized by the reinterpretation of elements they thought were shared among this community dedicated to caregiving. Their participation was more focused on service for caregivers than on the design of the tool. Overall, the results suggest that the design of the cyberhealth tool is not what stands out as the most significant aspect of the experience for the participants as a whole. The importance of engagement relative to the situation, grouping together the extrinsic constraints of the situation, moments of destabilization or mutual learning and the disagreements between participants, is what they retained from their experience. We suggest that to optimize codesign projects, it is important to offer an experience that participants find satisfying. After all, they are key to the strategy. We need them. Here, we explore prospects to continue the research in view of optimizing the codesign strategy and offering participants a satisfying experience. Some leads may seem obvious or are described elsewhere in the literature. They are noteworthy here because they were inspired by what was perceived as significant in the participants' experience, what was important to them. Finally, we cast a reflective and critical eye on the author's involvement in the project and the role of the designer, which aligns with Manzini's (2015) perspective: the designer as facilitator helping the codesigners contribute significantly to the strategy and appreciate their experience. The designer as creator of a satisfying experience for the participants in codesign
Cultural Interpretation toward Sustainability: A Case of Mount Kinabalu
No full textAbstractThe study looked at the role of cultural interpretation in sustainable tourism development. Using Mount Kinabalu as a case in point, it examined Kinabalu Park visitors’ (including Mount Kinabalu climbers) awareness of the indigenous cultural values of Mount Kinabalu. It also analyzed their level of satisfaction with the cultural interpretation of the mountain and their perceptions of cultural interpretation toward sustainability. Using convenience sampling, questionnaires were distributed to park visitors at several points at the park headquarters. Descriptive statistics were conducted to obtain frequencies, means and standard deviations. It was discovered that Kinabalu Park visitors did not have an in-depth knowledge of the cultural significance of Mount Kinabalu. They knew significantly more about the scientific aspects (i.e. geology, botany and zoology) of the mountain and the history of early Mount Kinabalu climbing. The cultural knowledge they had of the mountain was limited to the commonly interpreted theme of Mount Kinabalu sacredness. Despite the positive experience with the cultural interpretation presented by mountain or tour guides, visitors were dissatisfied with the overall cultural interpretation of Mount Kinabalu. They did not think the exhibit centers at the Kinabalu Park headquarters provided sufficient information on the indigenous cultural values of the mountain. They indicated that they would like to learn more about the cultural significance of Mount Kinabalu and agreed that there should be more information in that respect. Visitors agreed that the knowledge of the indigenous cultural values of Mount Kinabalu deepened their understanding of the mountain and increased their awareness of its physical environment which indirectly resulted in a desire to protect the park or the mountain. They also agreed that knowledge of the mountain's cultural significance made them appreciate the native non-material side of the mountain, enhanced their understanding of and respect for the indigenous cultural values and prompted them to behave respectfully. The present study proposed several recommendations that the park management can consider to ensure appropriate visitor interpretation
Endothelin System Expression in the Kidney following Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Male and Female Mice
No full textThe chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin accumulates in the kidney and induces acute kidney injury (AKI). Preclinical/clinical studies suggest that young female mice/women show greater recovery from cisplatin-AKI compared to young males/men. The endothelin (ET) and ET receptors are enriched in the kidney and may be dysfunctional in cisplatin-AKI; however, there is a gap in our knowledge about the putative effects of sex and cisplatin on the renal ET system. We hypothesized that cisplatin-AKI male and female mice will have increased expression of the renal ET system. As expected, all cisplatin-AKI mice had kidney damage and body weight loss greater than control mice. Cisplatin-AKI mice had greater cortical Edn1, Edn3, Ednra, and Ednrb, while outer medullary Ednra was significantly suppressed in both sexes. Of the ~25,000 genes sequenced from the inner medulla only 91 genes (comparing saline mice) and 134 (comparing cisplatin-AKI mice) were differentially expressed and they were unrelated to the ET system. However, Edn1 was significantly greater in the inner medulla of male and female cisplatin-AKI mice. Thus, RNA profiles of the ET system were significantly affected by cisplatin-AKI throughout the kidney regardless of sex and this may help determine the therapeutic potential of targeting the ET receptors in cisplatin-AKI.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
